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Belarusian National Art Museum. National Art Museum (Belarus): history, expositions, address

In this issue, the project "Museums of Belarus together with BELKART" invites you to virtual tour by the National Art Museum. This is the place where a unique collection of art objects is collected, the originals of Aivazovsky, Shishkin and Pukirev are kept. How rich and diverse the collection of the National Art Museum - read below. In every big city there are special places. There are places that people visit to be considered fashionable; there are places that give the right to be called a cultured person; and there are those in which they come at the call of the soul and heart, those in which you begin to understand that the beautiful and delightful are very close. For 76 years now, there has been a place in Minsk where people come to enjoy the picturesque splendor. And this place is National Art Museum The Republic of Belarus. The exposition, branches and depositories of this museum contain more than thirty thousand works, which form twenty different collections and make up two main museum collections: national art and a collection of monuments of art from countries and peoples of the world.

The official history of the museum begins on January 24, 1939, when the State Art Gallery was established in Minsk by the decision of the Council of People's Commissars of the BSSR. In the postwar years, the gallery received new status: from now on it was already the State Art Museum. And, finally, in 1993, a brand name appeared, by which we know the museum today.

The pre-war period of the Gallery's work under the direction of Nikolai Prokopyevich Mikholap (1886–1979) was a time of intensive formation of art collections. In a surprisingly short period of time, the employees managed to do an incredible amount of collecting exhibits: the most valuable works of cult art in churches and churches were taken out and registered, large funds of paintings, drawings and arts and crafts were collected from the funds of museums in Belarus. Several works from their funds were donated by the Tretyakov Gallery and the Russian Museum, the Museum fine arts them. A.S. Pushkin and State Hermitage. The collection of the new gallery also includes works by famous Russian Soviet artists.

After the reunification of the Western Belarusian lands with the BSSR in September 1939, the Art Gallery received works from the nationalized estates and castles of Western Belarus, including part of the collection of the palace of the Radziwill princes in Nesvizh. Thus, the collection was replenished with a rich collection of Slutsk belts, French tapestries of the 18th century, portrait painting 16th – 19th centuries At the beginning of 1941, the funds of the State Art Gallery of the BSSR already numbered 2711 works, of which 400 were on display. gallery team, researchers and art historians were in anticipation of a huge front of work on the description and study of each monument, the creation of a catalog of the museum collection. But... But the Great Patriotic War began. In the first days of the war, the fate of the entire assembly develops tragically. In a short period of time, it will disappear without a trace. The collection was being prepared for evacuation, but they couldn't save it - they didn't take it out. In full force and in complete safety, the art collection in Minsk appeared before the conquerors. The collection of the art gallery has ceased to exist, and its loss can be called irreparable. The fate of the pre-war collection of the art gallery is still unknown. The second stage of the museum's history is associated with the 33-year selfless activity of the Honored Art Worker of the BSSR, director of the Gallery since 1944, Elena Vasilievna Aladova (1907 - 1986), who headed the department of Russian and Belarusian art before the war. Thanks to the energy and enthusiasm of the few first employees who worked selflessly, often until late at night, the museum literally "rose from the ashes." Despite the post-war devastation, the government of the republic allocated considerable funds to purchase works for the Gallery. Museums of Russia again helped: State Museum them. A.S. Pushkin, State Russian Museum. E.V. Aladova obtained permission to build a special building for the Gallery. In 1957, the museum celebrated a housewarming party in interiors familiar to all of us to this day. Inspection of the exposition of the National Art Museum begins just from those halls that received visitors in the distant 50s. Russian is hosted here today art XVIII- the beginning of the XX century. The collection of this period includes more than 5,000 pieces of painting, sculpture, graphics and arts and crafts created by Russian masters. In the exhibition halls you can join the work of K.P. Bryullov, S.F. Shchedrin, I.K. Aivazovsky, V.G. Perova, N.N. Ge, I.E. Repin, I.I. Shishkin and many other luminaries of Russian art.

However, special attention should be paid to the painting by V.V. Pukirev "Unequal Marriage", which has become a kind of classic of the genre. The thing is that the Art Museum exhibited a copy of this work, written in 1875, i.e. 13 years after the artist created the first version of the work. Today, the elder brother of "Unequal Marriage" is kept in the State Tretyakov Gallery.

In 1993, the construction of a new museum building began - an extension to the main building. This made it possible to significantly expand the exposition area. Almost the entire corpus is devoted to our national art, starting from the 12th century. and ending with contemporary artists. Passing through the sliding portal from the "old" to the "new" building, you find yourself, as it were, in a completely different museum. This contrast makes visiting the Art Museum more memorable and varied. The expansion of the area made it possible to provide exhibition halls that meet the modern requirements of the exhibition and the demands of visitors. Special equipment made it possible to exhibit real artifacts of Belarusian art of the 12th – 18th centuries for public viewing. These are numerous icons, and ancient carved decorations of temples, and manuscripts. Of course, it is in such special conditions that our truly national treasure - the Slutsk belts - can be stored. For the sake of this meeting alone, it is worth visiting the Art Museum!

Of course, in the National Art Museum you can get acquainted not only with the culture of one nation. Two more expositions are located here, which allow you to travel beyond the borders of Belarus. Exposition "Western European Art of the 16th - early 20th centuries" introduces the works of both famous and little-known artists representing different schools, eras and trends of European art. Of considerable interest is the exposition "Art of the East XIV - XX centuries." The history of this collection dates back to the late 1950s, when a significant collection of Chinese decorative and applied arts was transferred to the museum by the Ministry of Culture of the People's Republic of China. Today, the collection presents traditional art forms of the countries of the Front, Middle, Central, South and South-East Asia, Caucasus and Far East: painting and sculpture, miniature and art folk painting, weaving and art metal, ceramics and porcelain, painted and cloisonné enamel, wood carving, bone carving, stone carving, painted and carved varnishes.

The National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus has long ceased to be just a museum. This is at the same time concert hall, and a lecture hall, and an interactive location, and a temple of art. Minsk residents (and not only) are looking forward to the annual events that have already become traditional and gather, it seems, half the city - “Night of Museums” and “Verasneva Vechar”. Numerous concerts for almost every musical taste - from classical to experimental alternative performers - take place here almost every week. Interactive programs have long gained fame as the most unusual museum direction, turning the museum into a kind of flagship of this type of activity. Lectures and master classes are organized for each exhibition, which makes it possible to gain a deeper knowledge of the material. With such a rich program in the museum with great pleasure, you can spend the whole family all day. Here you can even take a delicious break by visiting the only art cafe in the country. You can visit the Art Museum at almost any convenient time, and once a month you can do it for free. The museum is whole life! Only the lazy can afford to pass this life by.

National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus, Minsk, st. Lenina, 20, tel.: +375 17 327 71 63 Opening hours: 11:00 – 19:00 Ticket office and entrance for visitors: 11:00 – 18:30 Day off: Tuesday The cost of an adult ticket for the permanent exhibition in 2016 is 50,000 rubles, a reduced ticket is 25,000 rubles. The cost of excursion services is from 100,000 rubles. Museum website -

The Belarusian National Art Museum contains one of the largest collections of art works. The museum is actively developing and has become a real art space of the Republic of Belarus.

National Art Museum: History

The history of this museum begins in 1939. When the state art gallery was opened in the building of the communist agricultural school (the former building of the women's gymnasium). The gallery occupied 15 halls, in which there were departments of graphics, sculpture, and painting.

Museum staff actively collected works of art from the museums of the cities of Belarus. Several works were donated by Moscow museums and galleries. By 1941, the gallery's fund consisted of more than 2,500 works. Paintings, art industry, antique furniture and tapestries, Meissen and various mantel clocks were collected.

On June 28, 1941, German troops entered Minsk. The gallery was looted and most of the valuable exhibits were taken to Germany. The Minsk Gallery did not have time to describe all the collected exhibits, so a huge part of them never returned.

After the war, only a small part of the works that were at exhibitions in Russia at that time returned. Since 1944, the gallery has been housed in the House of Trade Unions. Two years later, the gallery had about 300 works, including K. Bryullov, I. Levitan, B. Kustodiev. Later, a new building began to be designed for her.

On November 5, 1957, a new building of the State Art Museum of the BSSR was opened. In 1993, the museum began to be called the National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus with an emphasis on the national art of the country.

Museum building

Initially, the museum building was planned to be located at the corner of Kirov and Lenin streets. The main entrance was supposed to be from the side of Ulyanovsk street. Project author M.I. Baklanov planned to create a building in the Empire style with columns and semicircular windows.

The design ideas for the building had to be revised when another piece of land with adjacent buildings was allocated for it. Baklanov changed the design to match the new building with the surrounding houses.

The National Art Museum significantly expanded its fund, and later extensions were added to the building. In 2007 the museum was reconstructed. The idea of the new architect of the building, Vitaly Belyakin, was to create a unique museum city where past and present meet. The modern museum is decorated with decorative stucco, arches and columns, and the dome of the building is made of glass.

In the future, it is planned to create a museum quarter in Minsk, in the center of which there will be a national art museum. The quarter will house new pavilions for works of art, souvenir shops and art cafes will open, and a sculpture park will be located in the courtyard.

Museum expositions

The museum contains about 27,000 works. The exhibits in the museum are divided into collections, which represent collections of both national and world art. world art mainly represented by the works of masters of the East and Western Europe.

The ancient Belarusian collection is represented by arts and crafts dating back to the 10th-12th centuries, as well as medieval archaeological finds. Here you can see ancient glassware, chess figurines, carved stone icons, wooden plastic items, religious jewelry items (chalices, liturgical kelikhs).

The paintings of the National Art Museum are represented by a collection of Russian art of the 18th-20th centuries. Sculptures, objects of arts and crafts, and graphics comprise about three thousand exhibits. The collection includes works by Fyodor Bruni, Maxim Vorobyov, Dmitry Levitsky, Vasily Troponin and others.

In addition to those listed, the museum also houses collections of Belarusian Art XIX-XX centuries, European art of the XVI-XX centuries and oriental art XIV-XX centuries

Oriental art is represented by ceramics and porcelain, painted enamels, wood and bone carvings, painting, miniatures, sculptures and weaving.

Events

In addition to exhibitions, a lot of interesting events take place in the museum. For children, a children's art workshop is open here. The museum hosts meetings with artists, master classes and musical evenings.

For all the years of its existence, the museum has established itself in research activities. Workers of the National Art Museum carry out the restoration of works of art and conduct Digital catalogue. Albums and books about art are published. The latest book published by the museum is dedicated to Belarusian artists XIX-XX centuries.

Visitors can attend lectures and interactive excursions dedicated to national and world art. In the museum art cafe, everyone can watch themed films.

National Art Museum: opening hours, address

Exhibitions of expositions are open from 11.00 to 19.00, the entrance of visitors is carried out until 18.30.

Tuesday is a day off.

The price of excursions ranges from 50 to 165 thousand Belarusian rubles.

The National Art Museum is located in the city of Minsk, on Lenin Street, 20. It is located near Independence Avenue, near the stations and Kulapovskaya.

Currently director of the national artistic Ivanovich Prokoptsov.

Conclusion

The National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus is interesting with a huge number of exhibits. The museum's collections represent national Belarusian art from ancient times to the present, as well as European and Oriental art. Various recreational and educational activities are held on its territory.

The Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is the largest land in the Russian Federation rich in variety natural resources, one of the most important subjects of Russia in economic terms. The peoples of Yakutia managed not only to settle in the icy land, but also to create a unique culture in extreme climatic conditions, with its inherent supersensible form of artistic awareness of the world, embodied in the epic poetry of olonkho, harp music, ornamental and decorative art. Items of old everyday life store information layered over the centuries, which contains utilitarian and iconic functions. Whether it's wood carving or mammoth tusk, sewing, embroidery, or metal and birch bark products, each item visibly captures the people's natural optimism, the aesthetics of spatial thinking, the origins of which go back to the image of the traditional universe.

Now the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) is a modern Cultural Center in the north-east of Russia, living a full-blooded, intense life, in which the highest and middle educational establishments, research institutes, the Academy of Sciences, the Academy of Spirituality, theaters, museums, libraries and other cultural institutions. Its capital - the city of Yakutsk, founded in 1632 by Russian explorers, is located on the banks of the high-water Lena River, which is fed by more than 200 thousand rivers and streams. Old Yakutsk served as a stronghold for the detachments of Semyon Dezhnev, Vladimir Atlasov, Vasily Poyarkov, Yerofey Khabarov, equipped to develop new lands. In the 18th century, the city was the starting point for academic expeditions by V.I. Bering, J.I. Lindenau, brothers D.Ya. and Kh.P. Laptev, G.A. Sarychev and many others. Already in 1638, the distant northern city became an independent administrative unit, the center of a vast territory. This is a city with its own unique destiny and biography. Many of its streets and individual buildings still bear the charm of "old wooden Yakutsk".

significant role in modern cultural space Republic is occupied by the National Art Museum - an intermediary between society and its culture, between the culture of the past and the present. Its richest collection crystallizes the social experience of many generations of Yakutians who cultivated the image northern edge in difficult historical conditions strengthening of the Russian statehood. The museum fund contains all types and genres of fine arts, works of foreign, Russian, Russian masters of the 16th-20th centuries, a wide panorama of the art of Yakutia in the 18th - early 21st centuries.

The basis of the museum's collection was 27 paintings from the funds of the State Tretyakov Gallery, donated to the republic back in 1928. This small collection represented a selection of characteristic examples of Russian painting of the second half of XIX- the beginning of the 20th century. Among the paintings, one can note a small landscape "Late Autumn" by I.I. Levitan with an autograph of his brother, confirming the author's brush famous artist; sketches by VD Polenov from the Palestinian series; widely and freely painted still life "Bouquet" (1908) by K.A. Korovin, which reflected the characteristic features of "Russian impressionism" and two portraits - attractive female images - "Lady in Black" (1864) by K.E. Makovsky and " Portrait of Elena (?) Snegireva ”(1897) by V.E. Makovsky, originating from the Tsvetkovskaya Gallery. These works, by their pictorial merits and by the meaning of the names presented, initially set a qualitative level, which largely determined the ways of further formation of the collection.

Davletov K. From the series based on the work of Ch. Aitmatov "The First Teacher". paper, pencil

The idea of opening an art gallery in Yakutsk belongs to the research society "Sakha Keskile", which brought together local history enthusiasts, artists and researchers. Creative activity Society was extremely active: in 1925 a project was proposed to open the Art Gallery, in 1926 an exhibition of fine arts was organized, in 1927 the issue of the gallery was considered by the government of the Yakut ASSR. The chairman of the YATsIK of the Council of People's Commissars of the YASSR, M.K. Ammosov, through the KNR (Commission of the USSR Academy of Sciences for the Study of the Productive Forces of the YASSR), negotiated with the museum department of the People's Commissariat for Education of the RSFSR on the donation of works of Russian and Western European classics to the future art gallery. The Commission of the Yakut Republic considered it necessary to involve the curator of the Irkutsk art gallery, the painter B.I. Lebedinsky, who enthusiastically set about collecting and acquiring paintings from Siberian artists, and also painted the landscape-panel “The Lena River at the confluence of the Aldan” (1928) for the Yakut Gallery. In a letter from Irkutsk, he writes: "The work itself is so interesting, exciting and responsible that it involuntarily fills all free time, which runs with double speed." It is noteworthy that the personal donations of the Yakut people in the collection are used to purchase works from a traveling exhibition of paintings by Siberian artists. 1

Thus began the birth of the future art museum in the republic. The government of Yakutia and the Sakha Keskile society, striving for a common goal, made every effort and opportunity to create a national gallery. Unfortunately, financial problems delayed the project itself for many years, but it was decided to open an art room at the Regional Museum of Local Lore.

Lednev V.A. (Born 1940). ROSES TO PUSHKIN. Canvas, oil

The art hall received the status of an independent institution in 1946 and at the same time, by order of the Department of Arts of the Council of People's Commissars of the YASSR, it was transformed into the Yakut Museum of Fine Arts. But even in the midst of the Great Patriotic War, in September 1943, the Department of Arts under the Council of People's Commissars of the RSFSR adopted a resolution on the development different types arts in YASSR and, in particular, the need to open an art museum. This idea was realized with the direct participation of the chairman of the Yakut Union of Artists, People's Artist of Yakutia Petr Petrovich Romanov (1902 - 1952).

The activity of Lev Mikhailovich Gabyshev (1923-1975), an artist who became its director from 1952 to 1975, played a great role in the development of the museum. He had connections in creative circles, was familiar with collectors in Moscow and showed genuine enthusiasm for the development and promotion of the Yakut museum as a national treasure. Broad erudition, aesthetic flair allowed L.M. Gabyshev to lay the basic structure of the collection. The works selected by him in various storerooms of the country, workshops of leading artists and private collections, extensive correspondence with specialists from major Russian museums contributed to the systematic receipt of high-quality works of old and modern art into the funds.

Innokentieva N. Ordinary day. Canvas, oil

The collection is based on receipts from the storerooms of other museums. In 1954-1955, a small but interesting collection of small sculptures made of bronze and bone, porcelain, objects with cloisonne enamel, painting on scrolls by masters of Japan, China, Tibet and Mongolia of the 17th-20th centuries was transferred from the funds of the Museum of Oriental Art. Among these objects, of undoubted interest is Japanese folk miniature sculpture - the famous netsuke, as well as openwork Chinese carving. The Oriental art section continues to grow with donations and acquisitions from the museum.

A bright page in the history of museum work in the republic was the gratuitous transfer in 1962 of more than 250 works of Western European art of the 16th-19th centuries from the family collection of the famous Yakut scientist, Doctor of Economics, Professor Mikhail Fedorovich Gabyshev (1902-1958). As part of the gift, Italian masters can be noted - Niccolò Renieri (c. 1590-1667), Giovanni Battista Pittoni (1687-1767), Dutch artists- Alexander Adriansen (1587-1661), Frederico de Moucheron (1633-1686), excellent portraits by an unknown Flemish master of the first quarter of the 17th century. On the basis of paintings from the collection of M.F. Gabyshev in 1970, in the former building of the Yakutsk district treasury, built in 1909, a branch was opened - the “Museum of Western European Art”, transformed in 1995 into the “Gallery foreign art named after Professor M.F. Gabyshev.

Anniversary exhibition "ZHIGANSK: HERITAGE, TRADITIONS, MODERNITY" dedicated to the 385th anniversary of polar Zhigansk

The collection of Russian art, having laid the foundation for the Yakutsk Art Museum, continued to grow in subsequent years. Paintings were successfully supplemented by engravings, drawings, watercolors by the artists of the 18th-19th centuries A.G. Ukhtomsky, M.I. Makhaev, N.G. Chernetsov, I.N. Kramskoy, I.E. Repin, V.A. others, arts and crafts - porcelain of the Russian Imperial Factory and the famous Russian factories of F.Ya. Gardner, A.G. Popov, M.S. Kuznetsov, sculpture by P.K. Klodt and E.E. silver with gilding and blackening.

The well-known Moscow collector F.E. Vishnevsky, who for many years donated works of Russian and Western European painting, was of great help to the museum in forming a collection of old art. Among them are a children's portrait - "A Boy with a Rattle" by an unknown Russian master of the second half of the 18th century, the front "Portrait of General M.N. Muravyov" (circa 1864) by N.G. Schilder.

It should also be noted the works that later entered the department of Russian art, among them the landscapes "Twilight" (1883) by I.I. Shishkin, " Moonlight night» A.I. Kuindzhi, “Portrait of a young Georgian woman”, possibly executed by M.A. Vrubel, as well as the painting by I.K. Aivazovsky “The Heroine of Babolina ...” (1880).

EXHIBITION "FACES OF HESERIADA"

From the very beginning of the museum's history, the second largest art department of the 20th century began to develop. It presents works by P.P.Konchalovsky, A.M.Korin, G.G.Ryazhsky, A.P.Ostroumova-Lebedeva, V.A.Favorsky, A.T.Matveev. The collection was replenished every decade with new exhibits, which reflected the artistic processes that took place in the country. Thus, in the late 1980s and early 1990s, a number of interesting works artists of the 1920-1930s V.P. Belyaev, S.A. Luchishkin, D.I. Mitrokhin and modern masters G. M. Korzhev, P. P. Ossovsky, T. G. Nazarenko, N. I. Nesterova , O.K.Komova, V.Kh.Dumanyan.

The section of Russian art includes a collection folk art- Russian crafts - Kholmogory bone, Dymkovo and Filimonovo toys, Arkhangelsk chipped birds, lacquer miniature, silk painting, porcelain, etc. Jewelry art is represented by a variety of techniques and materials: items made of non-ferrous metals, silver, stone, enamel.

The most important part of the museum collection is the art of Yakutia, the collection of which is distinguished by its completeness and chronological harmony. The paths of development of the Yakut professional fine arts are complex and dynamic, it reflects the philosophical and aesthetic ideas of the Sakha people, the commonality of artistic tasks and quests that arose even before the first generation of artists who sought to create their own national art school. Among the founders of the Yakut fine arts are the folk artists of Yakutia: I.V. Popov (1874-1945), whose work was the first experience of fine culture and the development of the traditions of Russian art in the Yakut land; MM. Nosov (1887-1960), whose works are distinguished by interest in folklore stories And material culture Sakha people; P.P. Romanov (1902-1952), whose name is associated with the professional development of the Union of Artists of Yakutia and the formation of the museum itself.

Exhibition "URAN IIS: YGES WONNA ANYGY KEM" (Decorative sewing: traditions and modernity)

The Yakut department in the museum collection was determined in its main features in the mid-1960s, which was due successful development professional fine arts of the republic. Of great importance for its formation were large art exhibitions the late 1950s-1980s, which took place in Yakutia and Russia, the creation of zonal groups and a number of other factors that stimulated the creative growth of artists.

In the 1970s, the composition of the collection was enriched with works that reflected an original, unique phenomenon in its own way, such as “Yakut graphics”, characterized by a bright national identity, its own range of topics, figurative structure, as well as the use of a variety of techniques: drawing, etching, linocut, lithographs, woodcuts, monotypes, etc.

The museum has a large number of works that can be considered as programmatic for the creative heritage of many Yakut artists: painters A.N. Osipov, V.G. Petrov, A.P. Sobakin, E.I. .A.Stepanova; graphic artists E.S. Sivtsev, A.P. Munkhalov, V.R. Vasiliev, V.S. Karamzin, M.A. Rakhleeva; sculptors K.N. Pshennikov, S.A. Egorov, P.A. Zakharov, R.N. Burtseva; masters of arts and crafts T.V. Ammosova, S.N. Pestereva, S.N. Petrov, E.E. Ammosova, A. Sivtseva and many others, representing the thematic, figurative, stylistic and traditional features of the fine arts of Yakutia.

The modern artistic process is reflected in works marked by stylistic compromise, the search for decorative plastic techniques, and the ambiguity of the meaning of the depicted. The changed view of the world led to a wider appeal of artists to the experience of world art, caused an ambiguous rethinking of the realities of reality, and a sharp national coloration. Young artists, along with the interpretation of topical universal problems, in a new way comprehend the theme of the relationship between man and society, man and the environment. In this regard, the names of A.D. Vasiliev, M.G. Starostin, M.M. Lukina, Yu.V. Spiridonov, A. Chikachev, T. E. Shaposhnikova, E. I. Pakhomov, S. K. .Prokopiev.

The panorama of the fine arts of Yakutia is completed by the Department of Folk and Decorative and Applied Arts. It contains excellent examples of items from the 18th-19th centuries, as well as products of modern craftsmen who continue and develop the traditions of horsehair weaving, fur mosaic, embroidery, engraving and blackening on silver, wood and birch bark carving.

Exhibition of People's Artist of the RSFSR and YASSR Terenty Vasilyevich Ammosov

A special pride of the museum is the collection of carved bones of the 19th-20th centuries. It represents a unique cultural phenomenon in its artistic significance, testifying to the originality of ethnic thinking. According to the composition of the collection, one can trace the evolution of this art craft, known since the 18th century, its characteristics- plasticity, expressiveness, conciseness in selection visual means. The subject and genre diversity is great - from traditional caskets, decorative goblets, plates, chess, to multi-figure compositions with folklore motifs, animal figurines, scenes from rural life, knives, pipes and writing instruments made of fossil mammoth tusk.

The heritage of three well-known bone carvers, laureates State Prize RSFSR named after I.E. Repin - T.V. Ammosov, S.N. Pestereva, S.N. Petrov, who harmoniously and fully combined in their work folk basis and individual vision of the world.

IN last years such sections of the collection as Siberian icon painting were formed (where the presence of icons of local masters is especially valuable for us), book illustration, poster, scenography. New arrivals made it possible to single out wood carving, sewing, embroidery on fabric and fur and jewelry art as independent sections of decorative and applied art. Now the Yakut Museum owns a solid collection of arts and crafts northern peoples of great artistic value.

find and maintain talented artists, to show their works to the viewer, to gather patrons and connoisseurs of fine art around the museum, to strive to ensure that the best works modern masters were not dispersed into private collections, but ended up in the museum collection, at the same time replenishing the sections of old art - these are the broad tasks of the museum. The main principles in the selection of works are the quality, novelty of the plastic language, the originality and intensity of the creative expression. The museum collection is a meaningful result of the selfless work of several generations of museum staff, leading great job on the systematization, conservation, study and acquisition of collections of different nature. Systematic replenishment over the past decades has enriched all the historically established departments of the collection. At present, the main task is to study the accumulated wealth in depth, thoroughly and constantly, to publish and popularize them widely, and to create new conditions for their display.

Exhibition "Serel eyge seryge" (Current of the space of the soul)

Many people took an active part in the fate of the museum, hundreds of works came from collectors, private individuals, repositories of other museums, from the artists themselves, from public funds The Ministries of Culture of the USSR, the RSFSR, the YASSR, the Union of Artists of Russia and Yakutia, as well as numerous art lovers. New departments, organically growing into the Yakut collection, gave the museum a diverse character, presenting the art of different times and peoples. Of the latest acquisitions, one should name the works of the graphic artists V.R. Vasiliev, Yu.I. Votyakov, V.D. Ivanov; bone cutters S.N. Petrov, S.N. Pestereva; painter M.N. Magatyrova.

With special warmth and gratitude, I would like to recall the names of donors, such as E.D. Kardovskaya, V.N. Baksheev, A.N. Sakharovskaya, A.M. Gorshman, B.F. Domashnikov, E.E. Ammosova, U. N. Politsinskaya and many others.

Museum staff lead painstaking work on the description of museum treasures and the creation of the State Scientific Catalog using new museum technologies. At the same time, extensive work is being carried out on the restoration and conservation of exhibits. In 1992, the Yakut Republican Museum of Fine Arts named after Professor M.F. Gabyshev was included in the register of especially valuable objects. national treasure Republic, in 1995 it was transformed into the State Museum Art Complex "National Art Museum of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia)" with the functions of a research, organizational, methodological and educational center for all art galleries and museums in the republic.

A.L. Gabysheva
CEO
State Museum Art Complex

NOTES:

1. Archival information is given according to the publication: Potapova I.A. "Steps creative growth". Yakutsk, 1982

Museum directors

1946-1952 Kandinsky Vyacheslav Alekseevich (1902-1980), People's Artist of the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, painter.

1952-1975 Gabyshev Lev Mikhailovich (1923-1975), Honored Art Worker of the Yakut ASSR, painter.

1975-1983 Viktor Grigoryevich Petrov (born 1928), Honored Worker of Culture of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), painter.

1984-1993 Vasilyeva Natalya Mikhailovna (born 1938), art critic.

1993 - to the present time Asya Lvovna Gabysheva, Honored Art Worker of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia), art critic.

PERMANENT EXHIBITIONS

Permanent exhibition of the National Art Museum of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia): Russian and domestic art XVIII-XX centuries, art of Yakutia XVIII-XX centuries. National Art Museum of the RS (Y), Kirov, 9

The decision to establish an art museum was made in September 1943. The art hall, which existed since 1925, received the status of an independent institution in 1946, and at the same time, by order of the Department of Arts of the Council of People's Commissars of the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, it was transformed into the Yakut Museum of Fine Arts.

The basis of the museum's collection was 27 paintings from the funds of the State Tretyakov Gallery, donated to the republic back in 1928. This small collection represented a selection of characteristic examples of Russian painting of the second half of the 19th - early 20th century. Among the paintings, one can note a small landscape “Late Autumn” by I.I. Levitan with an autograph of his brother, confirming the authorship of the brush of the famous artist; sketches by V.D. Polenov from the Palestinian series; widely and freely painted still life "Bouquet" (1908) K.A. Korovin, which reflected the characteristic features of "Russian impressionism" and two portraits - attractive female images - "Lady in Black" (1864) by K.E. Makovsky and “Portrait of Elena (?) Snegireva” (1897) by V.E. Makovsky, originating from the Tsvetkovskaya Gallery. These works, by their pictorial merits and by the meaning of the names presented, initially set a qualitative level, which largely determined the ways of further formation of the collection.

Also in the collection are receipts from the storerooms of other museums. In 1954-1955, a small but interesting collection of small sculptures made of bronze and bone, porcelain, objects with cloisonne enamel, painting on scrolls by masters of Japan, China, Tibet and Mongolia of the 17th-20th centuries was transferred from the funds of the Museum of Oriental Art. Among these objects, of undoubted interest is Japanese folk miniature sculpture - the famous netsuke, as well as openwork Chinese carving. The Oriental art section continues to grow with donations and acquisitions from the museum.

The museum has a large number of works that can be considered as programmatic for the creative heritage of many Yakut artists.

Winner of the competition "Changing Museum in a Changing World" 2009 Project "Biennale for Young Art "Here and Now"

Minsk is a city with thousand years of history already in itself is a landmark of the European part of our continent and contains an incredible amount of architectural and historical monuments must visit for everyone Slavic peoples as this is the beginning common history. Often tourists choose to visit in unfamiliar city museums. For Minsk, they are not uncommon. One of them is famous National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus.

One of the most interesting is the National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus, which celebrated its 75th anniversary in 2014. The museum's collections contain largest collection Belarusian and foreign art. The National Art Museum began its existence with the State Art Gallery, opened in 39 of the last century in 15 halls of the communist agricultural school, to display masterpieces collected from the museums of Vitebsk, Gomel, Mogilev and Minsk, as well as transferred Tretyakov Gallery, Russian and Pushkin Museums and the Hermitage. Later, the collected collection was supplemented with unique items brought from castles and mansions of Western Belarus, such as the famous Slutsk belts, portraits of the 16th–19th centuries. and French tapestries. The gallery did not have time to be evacuated during the Second World War and it was plundered. The location of most of the masterpieces remains unknown to this day.

After the end of the war, the gallery tried to recreate its collection anew and actively acquired paintings by Russian artists. The museums of Moscow and St. Petersburg also contributed to replenishing the exposition by donating several masterpieces. The gallery was renamed the State Art Museum on July 10, 1957, and on November 5 of the same year it moved to a magnificent building, decorated with allegorical sculptures, erected according to the project of M. Baklanov, located on 2 floors in 10 halls and a large gallery. This building was the first museum building in the history of Soviet construction. A modern banknote of 1000 Belarusian rubles has been awarded the right to be depicted on the front side of this building.

Over the years, the museum has continued to increase its holdings by purchasing masterpieces from private collectors and has returned a small fraction of what was stolen during the Second World War. The collection of the museum became so large that the building had to be expanded with the help of outbuildings and neighboring buildings.

In 1993, a decision was made to reconstruct the museum building and rename it the National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus. In 2007, the renovated museum again became available to the public. The architect V. Belyankin, responsible for the reconstruction, managed to combine modernity and history and materialize it in a beautiful building in classical style with a glass dome roof. Now the museum building, in addition to the main exhibition, contains a storage and restoration workshops. Visitors can even watch the process of painting restoration. The halls display the masterpieces of all historical eras home country, Western Europe, East and Russia.

The National Art Museum today has the following collections of collections: Ancient Belarusian, Belarusian art, Russian art, European art and the art of the countries of the East, as well as being an integral part of the cultural life of the Capital, the museum holds meetings with art historians and artists, organizes musical and literary evenings, presentations of books and paintings by contemporary masters, and also screens films about art and concerts.

The National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus participates in the international campaign “Night at the Museum”, creates unique art projects, offers visitors interactive programs. The museum has a permanent exhibition and updated temporary exhibitions.

A few years ago, the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Belarus launched and is already implementing new project called "Museum Quarter". In the near future, this project will unite the complex of galleries and include modern pavilions, as well as shops selling replicas of the classics, works of art by contemporary masters and, of course, books about art.

The Museum Quarter will also have a café, a courtyard with a sculpture park and a glass dome roof. In the courtyard you can enjoy live classical music, which is an integral part of cultural heritage Belarus. Thus, National Art Museum will turn into the most interesting attraction to visit in Minsk.