Anti-Drug Day. International Day Against Drug Addiction

This year, for the 30th time the whole world will celebrate the International Day against Drug Abuse and Illicit Trafficking. We decided to figure out what changes have taken place during this time and find out why this memorable day has two dates. We will also consider the experience of one country that managed to defeat drug addiction.

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June 26th is World Anti-Drug Day

By 1987, it was already known about various types narcotic substances that managed to take away or cripple the lives of hundreds of thousands of people. The UN decided that the actions of the authorities at the local level of each of the states are not enough to overcome the drug mafia and decided to celebrate the day on which the whole world will speak loudly and without embarrassment about drugs.

This is how the date of June 26 appeared, on this International Day every year there is its own crown. For example, in 2003 it sounded simply: "Let's talk about drugs", in 2010 - "Yes to health, no to drugs."

The UN every year prepares reports on drugs. In the so-called report, the head of UNODC talks about the level of drug use, trends in the world, as well as how accessible the treatment of drug addicts and HIV infected is.

Unfortunately, according to statistics, the dynamics of the spread of narcotic substances remains practically unchanged. It seems, the world is losing the war on drugs because almost nothing has changed in 30 years. Every year there are new types of drugs, drug dealers manage to find new ways to plant more and more people, including teenagers and children.

Where did the second date March 1 come from

Surprisingly, the Internet different sources interpret the same information in different ways. In wide famous encyclopedia It is written that the correct day for the fight against drugs is June 26, it was determined by the UN General Assembly on December 7, 1987.

How, then, did another date for celebrating the International Day appear? We assume that this date is celebrated in schools around the world. Activities for the International Day Against Drug Addiction, acting out scenarios and class hours only possible during school hours.

The country that won the war on drugs

16 years ago in this European country was the largest number of HIV-infected drug addicts. With almost 1% of the population addicted to heroin, this country had the highest death rate from AIDS in the EU.

After the coup in the mid-70s, drugs poured in from all over the world, drug traffickers supplied cocaine from Africa, heroin came into the country from the Middle East, and hashish from Afghanistan. From such an abundance in a population that for a long time lived in a rigid autocracy, just blew his head off and freedom meant drug use.

This is a country called Portugal. For two decades, the authorities have traditionally fought drug addiction with the use of force, but in 2001 a revolutionary decision was made. Portuguese decriminalized the possession of absolutely all varieties of drugs. They began to fight the disease itself, not the people.

According to new laws and programs, instead of imprisonment those who were caught in possession of psychotropic substances paid a fine and were sent "on a commission." Decriminalization differs from legalization in that pharmacies and shopping malls did not sell ecstasy and LSD as candy to children.

As a result of the administrative process, the drug addict could receive a fine of up to 150 euros, he could be banned from holding high positions, attending nightclub parties, traveling abroad and carrying weapons.
The main task of the commission, which includes 3 people - a lawyer, a social worker and a psychologist, is not to punish a person for possession, but to try to cure him of drug addiction.

Across Portugal began to open centers to help drug addicts, where they were detoxified and helped to rehabilitate.

All these measures have led to a rapid drop in all indicators of drug addiction and HIV. In 2001, 80 deaths from drugs were recorded, in 2012 only 16, cases of HIV in 2001 - 1000 people, after 11 years only 56.

Portugal is at odds with the whole world and on the International Day against Drugs, we all should talk about this country and its methods. Governments of other countries should take the example of the Portuguese and start treating people, and not jail them for their habits.

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Drug addiction is a terrible problem. modern generation. That is why the International Day Against Drug Addiction provides an opportunity for people suffering from this addiction to unite, to believe in themselves.

The history of the establishment of such a date

June 26 - Day against drug addiction. This date is the day of the fight against addiction and against the illegal circulation of such harmful drugs. Data was founded in 1987. It was a kind of demonstration of the determination of the Alliance General Assembly to focus its work on this area and create a drug-free society.

At the end of the nineties, a session of this body was held, the purpose of which was to significantly reduce this negative phenomenon throughout society by 2008. Today, however, approximately 185 million citizens use drugs of the narcotic type. At the same time, every year the numbers are getting higher and more threatening. The consequences of drug use are directly related to the demographic situation. More children and adolescents are using illicit drugs, and more and more young women are taking stimulants.

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A few years ago, the age of addicts was 17 years old. Now this threshold has decreased to 14 years. Over the past decade, the number of women taking psychotropic substances has increased sevenfold.

Fighting this addiction in Russia

International Day Against Drug Addiction in Russia is also held on June 26th. This is another preventive measure that has a propagandistic character. On this day, in schools and on the streets, in universities and workplaces, various events are organized dedicated to this problem.

For several years now, special bodies have been operating in our country that control the spread of drugs and prevent the commission of crimes in this area. It is they who carry out preventive measures, issue various posters on the topic of the harm of such substances and conduct conversations with schoolchildren and youth representatives.

Modern drug addiction is not only a disease, but also profitable business. Drug dealers want to cash in on someone else's grief, after the collapse Soviet Union The level of drug-related crimes in Russia has risen. Such a rapid spread of harmful addiction causes concern of the relevant authorities and leaders of the state. That is why, when the day of combating this phenomenon passes, educational and informational events are held.

What is included in preventive measures

Actions to prevent and prevent addiction and crime in this area include the following:

What is the problem of drug addiction

World Day Against Addiction encourages young people to give up addiction, which leads to dire consequences.

A key means of getting rid of this phenomenon is to inform the public about the extremely adverse consequences after using any type of drug. Only in this case can the younger generation be saved from a monstrous mistake.

Drug addiction leads to a complete deformation of the personality and health complications. If a person is addicted to harmful substances, he gradually loses respect for his own person and moral attitudes, his mental health becomes unstable. Due to pathology in the psyche, he ceases to fully communicate with friends and relatives, young people cannot get a decent profession, and already working citizens quit.

Another danger of such dependence is the irreversible state of the drug addict. The changes that occur in the body due to the use of substances remain forever. If the cured addict decides to try the dose again, the course of therapy will have to be repeated.

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Specialists do not use the phrase "recovered addicts", drug addicts can only be "recovering".

The international day dedicated to the fight against this phenomenon should not leave indifferent any citizen. It is important to support all preventive actions and take an active part in them. Only in this case it is possible to reduce the number of dependent people in our country.

How to treat addiction

Is it possible to get rid of this habit on your own? There is only one answer: you can return to a full life only in stationary conditions in modern drug treatment centers.

If you notice signs in your relative or friend that he is not indifferent to drugs (confused mind, strange look, inappropriate behavior), be sure to persuade him to visit a professional narcologist.

In such clinics, they will do everything necessary to rid the patient of a terrible habit:

1. detoxification of the body. In this case, with the help of special medicines, toxins that have accumulated during the use of drugs are removed from the body.
2. Getting rid of addiction through the use of psychotherapeutic techniques and other means.
3. Social rehabilitation. With such an event, the patient returns to life in society, while individual and group psychotherapy sessions are held.

World Day Against Drug Addiction is a must for modern society. It is important to competently carry out preventive actions and involve young people in a healthy pastime. If your close person, in a timely manner, contact a specialist who will not allow further development dependencies. Many clinics provide anonymous treatment, so you don't have to worry about your reputation.

Attention!

The information in the article is for informational purposes only and is not an instruction for use. Consult with your physician.

Drug addiction is a painful craving for the use of medicinal and other kinds of substances / preparations that form a strong addiction in a person. Drug addiction occurs on a mental and physical level. Drug addiction has long been a global problem.

The difficult situation has not bypassed Russia. According to statistics, the use of psychotropic substances most acutely affects the youth environment. It is at this age that adolescents first embark on the path of drug addiction. One of the main moments in the struggle for the health of the nation is prevention, which includes the International Day against Drugs.

June 26 is the day of the fight against drug addiction, this event has global importance. The holiday was approved not so long ago, in 1987 by the UN General Assembly. The main goals pursued by the creators of the celebration were as follows:

1. Strengthen the position and sphere of influence of the UN.
2. Creation of a new world community free from drug influence.

Reasons for creating international holiday were the strong recommendations of the world conference held in 1986. The issues considered at the meeting concerned the rapidly increasing drug trafficking and, as a result, the growth in the number of drug addicts.

Day against drug addiction was established in 1987

The result of the decisions of the world meeting was the development of an action plan aimed at combating drug addiction. Specially dedicated this issue The session of the UN General Assembly, organized in 1988, set itself the task of significantly reducing the problem of drug addiction by 2009.

According to UN statistics, about 190 million citizens regularly take drugs. These figures cover about 3% of the world's population. Of the drug addicts, 12% are young people (aged 14-35), who form the basis and hope of any country.

The results of growing drug addiction are becoming more and more menacing every day. Especially when considering demographic development. After all, both the fair sex and adolescents get used to psychotropic substances.

sad numbers

World Day Against Drug Addiction is extremely important, because the indicators of regularly conducted social research are very tragic and sad. If 5 years ago, the average age of a drug addict varied between 17-18 years, then today it has fallen to 13-15. And over the current decade, the number of female drug addicts has increased 7 times.

Drug addiction is a terrible thing. modern life. In the deadly networks of drug dealers daily there are people who seek to "escape" from oppressive constant disorders and stressful situations.

But such a “race” always ends tragically, the results of a frivolous hobby become irreversible and deadly. Even an individually designed, carefully prepared therapeutic course for drug addiction does not help the individual overcome addiction.

The public is concerned about the growing rise in drug addicts

Sometimes, after many years of a “clean” life, a former drug addict is at risk of regression and returning to his former life in a psychotropic frenzy. And existence again turns into a series of terrifying nightmare and piercing uselessness. This issue should concern and excite everyone.

People different countries who care about the family, the health of their children, the future of their homeland, unite in the battle between good and evil. It is for these purposes that the international day for the fight against drug addiction and drug trafficking was created. A date that reminds humanity that life and destiny are too fragile to be subjected to such terrible tests - the use of drugs.

Narcotization in Russia

IN Russian Federation The drug control system has been successfully operating for several years. The main areas of work of the Federal Drug Control Service of the Russian Federation (Federal Service for the Control of Drugs and Psychotropic Substances) include:

1. Prevention and combating crimes related to drug trafficking.
2. Extensive preventive measures to reduce the level of drug addiction of citizens.
3. Carrying out various activities aimed at stopping the growing drug addiction.

On the Day Against Drugs in Russia, various sports and recreational events are held. Meetings are organized with parents, teachers, students themselves.

Map of the number of drug addicts

Statistical indicators

According to data obtained from sociological studies, in the Russian Federation over the past 10 years the number of drug addicts has increased 8 times. This figure affects about 5-6 million Russian citizens suffering from addiction. Of these, approximately 2.5-3 million are young people aged 12-25 years.

These sad data are officially confirmed, but in reality things are much sadder. According to independent experts, we can talk about 11 million Russians who regularly consume psychotropics.

About 30% of crimes in the Russian Federation occur against the background of the use of drugs or relate to the manufacture, sale and storage of drugs.

Anti-drug policy

The rapid growth in the number of people suffering from drug addiction and the number of drug-related offenses is of particular concern to the Russian legal community. In June 2010, the President of the Russian Federation signed Decree No. 690 “On Approval of the Strategy of the State Anti-Drug Policy of the Russian Federation until 2020”.

The risk group includes young people aged 14-30 years

The main goals of this direction in the work of the state, pursuing a decrease in the growth of illegal drug trafficking, are:

1. Undermining the existing economic base of drug production.
2. Destruction of existing and emerging corruption, which contributes to the growth of the drug business.
3. Complete elimination of the entire raw material base created in the Russian Federation for the production of drugs.
4. Strict monitoring of the legal distribution of psychotropics and narcotics from pharmacies.
5. Severing the ties that exist in the criminal world within the country with the drug industry on a global scale.
6. Development of a powerful system that protects the territory of our country from the illegal supply of psychotropic and narcotic substances from abroad.
7. Global elimination of the created and functioning infrastructure based on the creation, transportation and distribution of narcotic drugs within Russia.

All these activities must necessarily take place against the backdrop of a preventive fight against the growth of drug addiction. Organizational work primarily aimed at youth and adolescents. And it must include the following activities:

• conducting interviews with parents;
• organization extracurricular activities in the form of conversations
• arranging meetings with former drug addicts who have completed a course of rehabilitation;
• dissemination of information about the consequences of drug use.

It is young people who become the main target of drugs. Addiction to psychotropic drugs turns into a tragedy both the life of the addict and his family members. But in all seriousness, this problem extremely delicate. Its solution requires a thorough, competent and balanced approach.

International Day Against Drugs helps to achieve a massive solution to a pressing problem. And such an event should not be left without attention for all people living on the planet. It is only through mass efforts that the worst evil on the planet, drug addiction, can be defeated.

The world has long realized that drugs are a threat to humanity. Even more than 100 years ago, in 1909, the Shanghai Opium Commission, which included representatives of 13 states, including Russia, discussed ways to combat the drug mafia and the spread of drug addiction.

The UN General Assembly in 1987 decided to consider June 26 as the International Day against Drug Addiction and called on states to celebrate this date.

In 2016, the International Day against Drug Addiction will be held under the motto "World Campaign against Drugs".

In the Political Declaration of the 1998 Special Session of the UN General Assembly, general characteristics the impact of drugs on society, which is still relevant today: “Drugs break people's lives, undermine sustainable development human and generate crime. Drugs affect all sectors of society in all countries; in particular, drug abuse damages the freedom and development of youth, the world's most precious asset. Drugs pose a serious threat to the health and well-being of all mankind, the independence of states, democracy, the stability of nations, the fabric of all societies, and the dignity and hopes of millions of people and their families.”

For Russia, the problem of drug addiction is a global threat to the health of the country's population. In Russia, over 560,000 drug addicts are registered in narcological dispensaries. The total number of Russians who episodically use drugs and psychotropic substances exceeds 8.5 million people, 1.5 million of whom use heroin. More than 100,000 Russians die from an overdose every year. Any of the drugs destroys health, the addict "burns out" in 4-5 years. Dependence occurs sometimes after one or two doses.

Drug addiction is closely associated with crime, the spread of HIV infection, viral hepatitis B and C, and premature mortality. A third of HIV-infected people got their virus from a drug syringe.

The Federal Drug Control Service is actively trying to reduce the supply of drugs, to block the way for drug dealers. In 2015, 23,309 kg of narcotic drugs, psychotropic substances and their precursors were seized in Russia, including 21,221 kg of narcotics, 860 kg of psychotropic substances, 520 kg of precursors, and 707 kg of potent substances. Destroyed 29213 kg of drug-containing plants found on illegally grown crops, as well as 920843 tons 818 kg of wild-growing drug-containing plants.

For the Moscow region, the problem of drug addiction is very acute. The number of patients with drug addiction is growing every year.

The overall incidence of drug addiction (morbidity, prevalence), after a decrease in 2011 and 2012, then grows annually, reaching in 2015 236.9 per 100 thousand of the population.

Morbidity from toxicomania has been decreasing for the last 4 years, reaching 8.2 per 100 thousand of the population in 2015 against 12.1 in 2010.

In 2015, the primary incidence of drug addiction decreased to 18.4 per 100,000 population compared to 22.2 in 2014.

In adolescents aged 15-17 years in 2015, a decrease in the incidence was noted compared to 2014: drug addiction from 32.4 to 32.3 per 100 thousand of the population of the corresponding age, and substance abuse - from 18.5 to 15.8.

The leaders in terms of the prevalence of drug addiction, the indicators of which are significantly higher than the regional average, all these years are the same municipalities of the Moscow region: Orekhovo-Zuevsky district, the cities of Domodedovo and Korolev. But in 2015, Domodedovo sharply reduced the incidence of drug addiction, the Serpukhov district took the 2nd place, the total incidence of drug addiction in which in 2015 increased to 461.9.

The lowest indicators are also fixed constantly in the same districts: Lotoshinsky, Stupinsky, Volokolamsky (see Attachment).

IN last years drugs "rejuvenated". Cases of initiation to narcotic and toxic substances of children aged 10-13 have become more frequent. The main drug users are young people under 30 years old.

The goal of preventive anti-drug work should be to reduce the demand for drugs, especially among the youth. It is recommended to focus on information propaganda - to talk more about the dangers of drugs, and on early detection, that is, testing. The main object of preventive work should be children under 12-14 years old, and preventive work should be carried out both by teachers together with medical workers at school, and necessarily by parents in the family.

According to Professor L.M. Roshal, “Drug addiction is a huge business that affects people and, above all, children. Family daily prevention of drug addiction is necessary. Parents need to have a clear understanding of what work to do with their children so they can resist the temptation of the first puff. Our task is to counter the spread of drug addiction at all levels - from the family to the state."

The main goal of prevention is to form among the population and especially young people an active life position rejection of drug use for non-medical purposes. Drug addiction to children and young people should be curbed through advocacy healthy lifestyle life, the formation of anti-drug attitudes, involvement in sports. Anti-smoking and anti-alcohol propaganda should be part of anti-drug propaganda, since drugs often follow smoking and alcohol consumption.

In order to raise awareness of the population, especially young people, about the harmful effects of drugs on the body, to attract the attention of government agencies and the public to the problem of drug addiction, the Moscow Regional Center for Medical Prevention (Branch for Medical Prevention of the GAUZMO KTsVMiR) recommends organizing the following information and educational events in the municipalities of the Moscow Region events dedicated to the International Day against drug addiction:

• widely inform the public about the international day fight against drug addiction, including through the media;
• organize and conduct thematic seminars and conferences for doctors and paramedical workers;
• organize speeches by experts on the problem of drug addiction on radio and television;
• publish articles in local press, highlight the theme of the International Day against Drug Abuse on Internet sites;
• use means of visual propaganda, issue thematic information stands and sanitary bulletins in medical organizations;
• organize "helplines" on the problem of drug addiction with preliminary information in medical organizations and the media;
• together with the department of culture to organize exhibitions of thematic popular scientific literature in libraries;
• together with the sports committee to organize sport competitions under the motto "Sport against drugs";
• organize mass actions (health exercises, flash mobs, dance workouts) with the involvement of young people, incl. members of public volunteer organizations whose activities are aimed at promoting a healthy lifestyle, as well as when interacting with representatives of education, social protection, sports and youth policy, culture, and media people;
• organize walking routes for the All-Russian action "10,000 steps to health" within the framework of the "Keep your health" program, held under the auspices of the All-Russian public organization"League of Nation's Health";
• distribute thematic memos, leaflets, booklets.

Please submit a report on the activities carried out to the Moscow Regional Center for Medical Prevention (Branch for Medical Prevention of the GAUZMO KTsVMiR) by e-mail [email protected] by August 10, 2016.

Application:

Dynamics of the prevalence of drug addiction and substance abuse in the Moscow region (morbidity) (average regional indicators per 100 thousand of the total population)

Dynamics of the prevalence of drug addiction (morbidity) among municipalities Moscow region (per 100 thousand of the total population)

Many countries around the world celebrate International Day Against Abuse drugs and them trafficking. The date was set by the UN General Assembly on December 7, 1987, as an expression of its determination to intensify activities and cooperation in order to achieve the goal of creating an international society free from drug addiction. This decision was taken on the basis of the recommendation of the 1987 International Conference on Drug Abuse and Illicit Control.

The rapid spread of drugs is seen as a multi-level disaster that entails a variety of harmful consequences - from a demographic catastrophe to the criminalization of the economy, social and political environment.

According to the UN Office on Drugs and Crime, the number of drug users in the world has exceeded 300 million people.

On a global level, the most common drug is cannabis - this term includes all derivatives of hemp, such as marijuana, hashish and some others. It is used by 2.6% to 5% of the world's population. The second place is occupied by synthetic drugs-stimulants of the amphetamine group - from 0.3 to 1.2%. With ecstasy - this word means whole line drugs of the same amphetamine group - one way or another are familiar approximately 0.2-0.6% of the adult population of the Earth, with cocaine - 0.6-0.8%. Opioids, which include primarily heroin and substances similar to it in terms of effects, were used at least once a year by 0.6 to 0.8% of people.

In the list of 43 risk factors - the main causes of death in the world - drug use is in 19th place (alcohol is third, and tobacco is second).

Globally, drug-related deaths are estimated to be between 0.5% and 1.3% of all-cause deaths among people aged 15-64 years. There are 211,000 drug-related deaths each year, with young people at the highest risk. Drug use is the sixth leading cause of death among people aged 15-49. In Europe average age of persons who died from drug use is about 35 years.

In addition to drug-related deaths, there are estimates that of the 14 million people who inject drugs worldwide, 1.6 million are HIV-infected, 7.2 million are infected with hepatitis C virus, and 1 2 million are infected with the hepatitis B virus.

Drug abuse causes enormous harm to public health and public safety, endangering the peaceful development and stable existence of society in many countries.

In economic terms, this is reflected in the costs of prevention and treatment, in health care and hospital costs, in the growth of morbidity and mortality. It is estimated that only one in six problem drug users in the world - about 4.5 million people - receive the necessary treatment, and the global total cost of such treatment is approximately $35 billion a year.

People under the influence of drugs not only cause health care costs, but also pose a serious threat to the safety and well-being of others and the environment.

Drug addiction is one of the most acute health problems and social life. According to Viktor Ivanov, director of the Federal Drug Control Service, there are eight million drug users in Russia who use drugs with varying degrees of regularity. Of these, four million are heavily addicted and take drugs regularly.

The number of heroin addicts in Russia is , each of which needs two doses a day. A third of them do not have money to buy drugs and get them by distribution. In total, about one billion doses of heroin are sold during the year.

The average age of onset of drug use in Russia is 15-16 years, and the average age of those who died from drug-related diseases and overdoses is 30 years. At the same time, the bulk of drug users are outside the scope of medicine and the relevant social services of the state - both at the federal and regional levels.

Drug consumption directly to the country, since eight million drug users spend 4.5 billion rubles on drugs every day and thus withdraw up to 1.5 trillion rubles annually from the country's GDP. The real annual damage to the country's economy is three times higher, at least four trillion rubles.

The material was prepared on the basis of information from RIA Novosti and open sources