How to treat bread. Conversation about careful attitude to bread “The price of a slice

GBS (K) EI RM "Krasnoslobodskaya correctional school - boarding school of the VIII type."

CONVERSATION:

"Careful attitude to bread"

PERFORMED:

20.02.2015

2014 -2015 academic year year.

Conversation: "Careful attitude to bread."

Objectives: To instill in children a careful attitude to bread; tell the children the history of the origin of bread; show the importance of bread in human life.

The course of the conversation

We meet with him every day. Without it, neither a modest breakfast, nor a weekday lunch, nor festive table. He accompanies us from birth to old age - our good friend, whose name is pronounced with love and warmth by people in all languages.

Bread is always considered a symbol of well-being and prosperity. This food product is the most reliable means of protecting people from hunger.

How did bread appear on earth? This discovery is over 15 thousand years old. A long time ago, people ate just raw grains, then learned to grind them between stones and mix them with water. The very first bread was in the form of liquid porridge.

When people learned how to make fire, they began to fry crushed grains with water.

In ancient times, bread was very revered, it was considered a separate dish.

In the Middle Ages, in many European countries only members of the royal family could eat freshly baked bread, yesterday’s bread was intended for the king’s environment (high society), bread baked two days ago was eaten by landowners and nobles, bread three days ago served as food for monks and schoolchildren, and bread baked four days ago was fed peasants and small artisans.

In Rus', baking bread was considered a responsible and honorable affair. They baked bread with honey, poppy seeds, cottage cheese, carpets, pies, saiki, kalachi. Bakers were subdivided into bakers, kalachniks, pie-makers, gingerbread-makers, pancake-makers.

The people spoke of bread as a living being: bread-breadwinner, bread-father. Just like bread, from time immemorial people have treated the work of those who created it. In Rus', bakers enjoyed special respect, they were never called Ivashka, Fedka, Petrushka - they called them respectfully, full names Ivan, Fedor, Peter. Bread was highly valued in Rus'. Respected people who grow and harvest bread.

At all times, bread has been and remains a product that can feed a person in the darkest time of life.

In one of his poems, Vladimir Soloukhin recalls:

I remember that minute
From a mischievous childhood.
Suddenly it became boring in the mouth
From bread, from rye,
And I threw a piece to the ground
Stealthily from grandfather
And I stepped on a piece
Barefoot dirty heel.
And trampled ... And the whole as it was
I buried my nose in the dust.
A earlier grandfather didn't beat me!

There is only one word equivalent to the word "bread" - the word "life".

The museum of the history of Leningrad has a piece of moldy bread - 125 grams - a daily ration for the inhabitants of the besieged city. This is holy blockade bread.

During the war years, a collection of the country's seed fund was kept in Leningrad. People starved, but saved the best varieties of grains for future generations.

“There lived a girl named Inge. She was pretty, but proud and cruel. One day the mother baked bread and said: “Daughter, take this bread to our grandmother.” Inge put on her best dress and elegant shoes and set off.

The road passed through a swamp. Inge felt sorry for her smart shoes. She threw the bread into the mud and stepped on it to cross the puddle. But as soon as Inge stepped on the bread, the bread, together with her, began to rapidly sink into the swamp. And Inge ended up in a fetid dungeon with a poisonous old swamp woman. The evil swamp turned the girl into an idol. Her arms and legs were petrified, fat spiders entwined her with their cobwebs.

The shepherds saw what happened in the swamp and soon heard the story of the girl who stepped on the bread everywhere.

Once a hot tear fell on the head of the petrified Inge. It was her mother crying. “What is the use of my mother now whining about me,” thought Inge, and her soul from these thoughts became even rougher.

This story was heard by a little girl. “Poor, poor Inge! - she cried, - how I would like Inge to ask for forgiveness, and she was allowed to return to earth. These words reached the very heart of Inge. And she burst into tears of remorse.

At the same moment, a ray of light penetrated the fetid dungeon, and Inge, a small bird, flew out into the wild. She returned to parental home. Inge and her mother are happy again because the girl has learned to appreciate bread.”

Guys, never forget what happened to the girl who stepped on the bread!

Now we have an abundance of bread and grain products in our country. And we can often see a piece of bread thrown on the ground, half-eaten loaves, loaves in garbage cans, carefree schoolchildren throwing buns or crusts of bread left over from dinner at each other.

At all times, disrespect for bread has been equated with the most terrible insult that a person can inflict.

He was compared with gold, with the sun, with life itself. It is not for nothing that among many peoples in ancient times bread, like the sun and gold, was designated by one symbol - a circle with a dot in the middle.

Bread was cherished, hymns were composed in honor of bread, guests were greeted with bread and salt.

Bread is practically the only product that does not lose its attractiveness, retains the ability to remain a useful and most necessary product.

If the bread becomes stale, it will still be able to serve people in good service.

Never throw away stale bread. And today, in many families where they know how to take care of bread, where they know its true price, housewives can cook a dish based on stale bread.

Mystery:

Guess easily and quickly:
Soft, fluffy and fragrant,
He is black, he is white
And it gets burned. (Bread)

It is on our table every day. Neither breakfast nor lunch is complete without it. He accompanies us throughout our lives. He is our faithful friend, the name that we pronounce with love and warmth. His name is bread. Bread is a symbol of well-being, prosperity. Bread on the table is wealth in the house. And how often do we think, when we take bread in our hands, how old is bread?

1.Scientists believe over 15 thousand. True, they stipulate that bread in those ancient times did not much resemble the current one. They were dense fried pieces of grain mass.

IN ancient egypt 5-6 thousand years ago there was a kind of rebirth of bread. There they learned how to loosen the dough, using the fermentation method, using the miraculous power of microscopic organisms - baker's yeast and lactic acid bacteria. The art of making “sour bread” passed from the Egyptians to the Greeks. Loose wheat bread was considered a great delicacy, and in Ancient Rome. Quite large bakeries appeared there, in which masters baked many varieties of bread.

In Rus', they owned the secret of cooking yeast dough from time immemorial. Bakeries were once called huts. But they baked bread in almost every house. Only a few centuries ago, the specialization of bread craftsmen emerged. Bread-makers, pie-makers, gingerbread-makers, crepe-makers, sitniks, kalachniks appeared. With the growth of the well-being of the country's population, the share of consumption of bread itself falls slightly, but, nevertheless, it is still the main product on the table of the worker, peasant, on the soldier's table. Over time, there are more and more dishes using flour.

2. Many rituals are associated with bread. It was customary for the Eastern and Western Slavs to put bread in front of the icons, as if testifying to their loyalty to God. They took bread with them when they went to woo; with bread and salt they met the guest, the young on their return from the church after the wedding; bread was brought along with the dowry of the bride. Bread was often used as a talisman: they put it in the cradle of a newborn; they took with them on the road, so that he guarded on the way. A loaf of bread and each of its pieces, especially the first one, or a crumb, embodied a person's share; it was believed that his strength, health and luck depended on the treatment of them. It was not allowed for one person to eat bread after another - you will take away his happiness and strength. You can’t eat behind another person’s back - you will also eat his strength. If you give bread from the table to the dogs while eating, poverty will befall.

How many people are involved in making bread appear on our table?

What professions can you name that are related to growing and making bread?

^ Contest "Think!"

Artist, combine operator, doctor, baker, tractor driver, driver, seamstress, pharmacist, teacher, miller, agronomist, seller, breeder.

Choose only those professions that are related to the production of bread.

From grain to loaf.

From time immemorial, bread has not been a simple food. He was a measure not only of public welfare, but also of human conscience. Friends were greeted with bread and salt. They fought the enemy to the death for bread. Bread, as the name of the mother, they swore. Bread was a product that evoked a special, one might say, holy feeling. Hundreds of people gave their lives for the bread that was needed by the starving children of Moscow, Leningrad, the Volga region during the war and revolution.

1941-1945 War. Let us recall the besieged city of Leningrad, now St. Petersburg. Many children died. The museum of the history of St. Petersburg keeps a piece of moldy bread the size of a little finger. 125 grams per day. 80% cake, grass, wood shavings, a little bran and only 20% flour - that's what the Leningrad besieged bread was like. Such was the daily ration for the inhabitants of the city during the winter months of the blockade. And people had to live, work, they had to survive in spite of the enemy, in spite of the bombing and shelling.

In the years of hardship and deprivation

New world man and crepe

The people walked in the fire of battles

For freedom and bread.

Bread of War. He is involved in great work, the tears of mothers, the bread that forged Victory. Bread has another name that not every schoolchild knows now. Bread in Rus' was called zhito. The etymological dictionary indicates that it is formed from the word zhiti (to live) with the help of the suffix - that.

It is no coincidence that the word bread is included in many proverbs and sayings.

^ Contest "Collect Proverbs"

Bread is a father, water is a mother.

Lunch is thin when there is no bread.

Not a piece of bread, and longing in the upper room.

The chamber is white, and without bread there is trouble in it.

^ This is interesting.

Bread record holders.

The longest braided bun - 9.2 meters - was baked in the city of Acapulco (Mexico) in 1996. And the largest loaf of bread was made in 1988 in Johannesburg (South Africa). Its length was three meters, width and height - more than a meter, and the Giant Loaf weighed one ton and 430 kilograms!

^ Bread King.

The French king Henry IV added one more title to all his titles: "king of bread". To provide the nation with bread is an even more responsible matter than to rule one's subjects, the monarch rightly believed.

^ Bread - against the common cold.

During the colonial wars, there was a widespread belief among English soldiers that a runny nose could be cured by sniffing a loaf of freshly baked bread. Curiously, in the ancient world healing properties attributed only to stale bread.

^ Significant gift

Gingerbread was a favorite bread delicacy in Rus'. In the old days, they were given for name days, brought to the bride in the form of a wedding gift, regaled dear guests, fed the children. Festive gingerbread sometimes weighed about a pood (more than 16 kg)

^ Popular supplement.

In a lifetime, a person eats a total of 15 tons of bread! Moreover, most of it is consumed not separately, but along with other food products.

^ Take care of the bread!

The poet Grigory Lyushnin, after being released from the concentration camp, where he was held captive, was carried out in his arms. An adult man weighed only 26 kg. This, guys, is the weight of a 6-7 year old child. In the camp, he wrote a poem that talks about how to take care of bread and feel sorry for even a bread crumb:

A crumb of bread fell to the ground

There was less bread for crumbs.

Somewhere in our unharvested field

So many grains lie on arable land.

That would be to collect them together - yes in a bunch!

Bread would be baked white, fragrant!

We would get stronger and become strong,

We would break the prison walls

Again they would go into battle under the bombing.

Yes, you have to feel sorry for the bread crumb!

This is how bread was treated during the war. Unfortunately, in our time, not all people know and understand what the price of bread is. Not cash!

Do you think there is light bread?

Now you will watch an excerpt from the Belarusian fairy tale "Easy Bread" and answer the question: what does "light bread" mean? Do people respect the one who wants to eat light bread?

^ Walking on the ground is not an easy science,

The earth does not feed the negligent and stupid.

You help her with patient work:

Bread will become cheerful from warm care.

Light bread has neither color nor taste,

He will turn you into a lazy and a coward.

And you will break your forehead, you will pick up cuffs,

Or maybe you lose yourself.

Hard work will always make you smarter

It is not in vain that they say: you will reap,

what you sow.

- Very often you can see this picture on our streets:

Bulka

Three boys down the alley
Like playing football
There - here they drove a bun
And they scored a goal with it.
An unfamiliar uncle walked by,
Stopped and sighed
And, almost without looking at the guys,
He extended his hand to that bun.
Then, frowning angrily,
He blew the dust off her for a long time
And suddenly calmly and openly
Kissed her in front of everyone.
- Who are you? the children asked
Forget about football for a while.
- I'm a baker! the man replied
And with a bun, he slowly left.
And that word smelled like bread
And that special warmth
Which are poured under the sky
Seas of golden wheat. (S. Mikhalkov)

How do you evaluate the act of these boys?

Do you think the boys listened to the words of the baker and realized their mistake?

And in ancient Rome, an attempt on the life of a baker was punishable by death. The profession of a baker is the oldest on Earth. The baker who knew how to make bread with yeast was especially appreciated. This kind of bread was very expensive. Only very rich people could afford to buy it.

What should you do if you haven't eaten a piece of bread?

1. Don't play with bread.

2. Give the rest of the bread to the birds.

And also, guys, you can cook a lot of delicious dishes from stale bread.

1. On earth without bread

The strong cannot live.

Do not rise to the sky

Don't sail on the sea.

2. We live by this bread,

We sing the glory of bread

Glory to bread, glory to the grain grower,

Glory to the people and all the people.

3.Like the land owner

Hold the bread in your hands.

Every crumb of bread

cherish more.

With these words, I would like to end our conversation about bread.

“When we get sick, we lose the taste for bread last, and as soon as it appears again, this is a sign of recovery,” said Antoine Auguste Parmentier, a famous French agronomist and pharmacist who lived in the 18th century. It is difficult to meet a person in the world who would not have respect for bread. People say that bread appears on our table thanks to the hard work of people of 120 professions. This is a food that cannot be replaced by anything.

At the level of instincts

Traditions of caring for bread have existed since ancient times. different peoples and passed down from generation to generation. For example, for a Russian person, bread is not just a product, it is part of his homeland.

Suffice it to recall what a high price the defenders of besieged Leningrad paid when they delivered bread across Ladoga to the besieged, dying, but not surrendering city. What is blockade bread? This is 10% food pulp, 10% cake, 2% wallpaper dust, 2% baggings, 1% needles and 75% wholemeal rye flour. This bread was baked in solar oil, because there was no other way. But if there were no bread, there would be no Victory!

From time immemorial, bread has been treated with great respect. Russian table is unthinkable without this product. It is believed that a person will not sit down at the table if there is no bread on it.

Being away from their homeland, people miss the taste of black bread (by the way, it is this that is considered the Russian national bread). Probably, many of you, leaving for other countries, yearn for your usual food. And the first thought that comes to mind at such moments: now would be a crust of black bread ...

There are many events in history that confirm the strong addiction of a Russian person to black bread. In his book "Entertaining Cooking" V. V. Pokhlebkin, a specialist in the theory, history and practice of culinary art, cites interesting historical facts. So, in 1736 during Russian-Turkish war 54,000 Russian troops entered enemy territory Crimean Khanate. Wagon trains with rye flour, which was brought from Russia, got stuck somewhere in the steppes of Ukraine. I had to bake bread from local wheat flour. And then sickness began in the army. “The thing that made the soldiers weaker,” the adjutant of the commander Christopher Georg von Manstein noted in his notes, “is that they were used to eating sour rye bread, but here they had to eat unleavened wheat.”

It is interesting that the addiction of Russians to black bread and, conversely, the rejection of this product by people of other nationalities was noted in their works. literary classics. For example, A. S. Pushkin, during his trip to the Caucasus, drew attention to the fact that the captured Turks who built the Georgian Military Highway could not get used to Russian black bread in any way and therefore complained in general about the food they were given, although it was good . “It reminded me,” said Pushkin, “of the words of my friend Sheremetev upon his return from Paris: “It’s bad, brother, to live in Paris: there is nothing to eat, you can’t interrogate black bread.”

First bread

According to one version, the first bread was made from acorns in ancient times. People began to use cereals for food about 15 thousand years ago in Central Asia. For a long time they ate the grains raw. Then they learned to grind them between stones. They mixed the crushed grain with water. This is how the first bread made from cereals appeared. However, it was not a product familiar to us. The texture of the first bread resembled liquid porridge. By the way, it is porridge that scientists call the foremother of bread. In many countries, to this day, dishes are made from different types flour like early bread.

When people learned how to make fire, they made two discoveries at once. Firstly, without much effort, they learned to separate grains from an ear of wild plants. To do this, they heated them on heated stones placed in dug holes. Secondly, they were able to improve the taste of porridge by slightly roasting the grains separated from the ear.

According to the assumptions of archaeologists, once in the process of cooking porridge, part of it spilled onto heated stones and turned into a ruddy cake. She struck the ancient people with her aroma, taste, and they began to bake unleavened bread in the form of flat cakes from thick grain porridge.

Approximately 2.6-3 thousand years BC, the Egyptians mastered the technology of making bread from fermented dough. It is believed that the discoverer of this technology was an ordinary slave. When he kneaded the dough in order to bake cakes, due to his oversight, it turned sour. To avoid punishment, he nevertheless ventured to bake cakes from it. Surprisingly, they turned out lush, ruddy, tastier than from unleavened dough.

The first bread ovens were also invented by the Egyptians. In the tomb of one of the pharaohs, archaeologists have found a painting depicting an ancient Egyptian bakery.

From the Egyptians, the tradition of making bread was adopted by other peoples of the Ancient World. They invented a lot of ways to leaven dough. The yeast was airborne bacteria, a mixture of grape juice and flour that allowed fermentation, or wheat bran soaked in wine. However, there was a more common method - a piece of dough was left for a day and used as a source of fermentation.

Leavened bread made from fermented dough was considered a delicacy. Not only its delicious taste was appreciated, but also the fact that it stays fresh longer and is better absorbed by the body. Such bread was available only to the rich, black bread was baked for slaves - dense and coarse.

IN Ancient Greece for athletes participating in Olympic Games, prepared a special, white, well-leavened bread. The Greeks, like other peoples of the ancient world, treated bread with reverence. It was believed that a person who ate food without bread committed a great sin and for this he could be punished by the gods.

Just like the ancient Greeks, the Romans highly valued bread. It was they who improved the process of bread production: they created new ovens, improved the technology of grinding grains. By 100 AD e. The Romans spread their bread-baking skills throughout Europe.

IN ancient world bakers were treated with great trepidation. In ancient Greece, they were allowed to hold the highest government posts. And according to ancient German laws, the murder of a baker was punished more severely than for the murder of a person of another profession.

By the way, the word "bread" has ancient Greek roots. The special pots in which the Greeks baked bread were called “klibanos”. From this word came the Gothic word "chlaifs", which was adopted by the ancient Germans, Slavs and other peoples. So in the old German language the word "khlaib" was preserved, in Estonian - "leib", and in our country - "bread".

Bread in Rus'

The main type of bread among the Slavs was sour black bread made from rye flour. It was cheaper and more satisfying than white made from wheat. However, there were such types of rye bread that not all wealthy people could afford. For example, "Boyar bread". It was baked from special flour, used fresh oil and moderately fermented, not sour milk. Spices were added to the dough. Such bread was made only to order on special occasions.

In Rus', bread was baked in special "bread huts". With the development of bread baking, many products made from wheat flour appeared. Carpets, rolls, pies, gingerbread - the most known species original Russian pastry. Products were sprinkled with poppy seeds, flavored with honey, stuffed with various fillings.

A revolution in baking in Russia took place in the last century. In the 1930s the first bakeries appeared, operating on the system of conveyor production of bread engineer G.P. Marsakov. The equipment, peculiar in design, resembled giant carousels. The whole process of baking bread was mechanized and partially automated, which made it possible from the moment the flour entered the factory until the finished bread left the oven, not to touch it with your hands.

The art of baking in our country is developing to this day. Bakers develop technologies for different varieties and types of bread, including dietary bread.

world product

Almost every country has its own traditions associated with the production and consumption of bread. For example, in Italy this product is not produced on an industrial scale. To this day, it is baked in family bakeries. The south of the country is considered to be a reserve of baking. There, on every corner, you can find small bakeries, the owners of which treat their business with special trepidation, pass on bread recipes from generation to generation. In Italy, there are many varieties of bread, very different in technology: michetta, bruschetta, focaccia, banana, chiriola, manina ferrarese, ciabatta, pane casarechio, etc.

It is also very difficult to name the exact number of types of bakery products produced in Germany. German bakers prepare bread with all sorts of additives: carrot, potato, cabbage, olives, nuts, pumpkin seeds, etc. Each city has its own traditional products, and almost every day new “fashionable” ones appear. IN last years In Germany, dietary types of bread with a reduced calorie content have become the most popular.

In France, one of the most important stores is a bakery. Bread is baked in them twice a day. The usual assortment of bakery includes such delicacies of French pastries as croissants, buns with chocolate, brioches. According to French law, even the smallest village must be provided with fresh bread daily.

In England, they take seriously not only the production of bread, but also the pricing policy for it. So, in 1266, a law was passed there that controlled the price of bread. It has been active for 600 years. It is also interesting to note that the name of the English title "lord" comes from the word Hlaford-loaf ward ("providing food"), and the title "lady" comes from the word Hlaefdige-Loaf kneader ("kneading dough").

You can talk about the love of different nations for bread endlessly. Only a few do not eat this product.

As Antoine Auguste Parmentier said: “Bread can be consumed at any time of the day, at any age, in any mood; it makes other food taste better, and is the main cause of both good and bad digestion. Whatever it is eaten with - with meat or any other dish - it does not lose its attractiveness. These words seem to have been said today, since neither the role of bread in our diet, nor our attitude towards it has changed since then.

We are used to explaining our careful attitude to bread by the fact that the hard work of many people has been invested in it. The true reason can be found if we consider the beliefs and customs of the ancient Slavs.

In those distant times, crops were divided into male and female. Bread was sown only by men, stripped naked. Grain for sowing was taken out in special bags made from old pants. Thus, the men allegedly entered into a “sacred marriage” with a plowed field. Women were not allowed to attend this sacrament. It was believed that the Earth would be “scared” and would not be able to give birth. In the art of ancient peoples, the sown field was depicted with the same sign as female pregnancy.

To make porridge from grain, the union of three sacred elements was necessary: ​​Water, Fire and grain. Porridge seasoned with berries or honey carried the meaning of victory over Death, the return to Life. Sacred porridge has come down to our times in the form of kutya, which is prepared for Christmas.

Pancakes were another ancient ritual food. Historians say that the name was distorted over time, the Slavs called them "mlyns" from the words "small", "grind" - food from ground grain. The ruddy round pancake symbolized the Sun, which "died and resurrected" every winter. Therefore, it is customary to cook pancakes at the wake and at Maslenitsa, when Winter (Death) leaves and dies, and Spring (Life) is reborn.

So gradually the Slavs came to the preparation of bread. Accordingly, he inherited all sacred properties their culinary ancestors.

Our ancestors, returning from the funeral, first of all tried to look into the dishes, where the kvass “fitted”, so that the sacred power of Life would drive Death beyond the threshold.

Before the wedding, the bride was seated on a sourdough covered with a pillow in order to future family lived cheerfully, richly, amicably and having many children.

They guessed from the baked gingerbread: if the tops are tilted inside the oven, then there will be a profit, if outside - to ruin.

In ancient England, the suspect was given a stale crust of bread to eat. If the villain suddenly choked, it means that he is to blame. It was believed that the holy bread itself pointed to the criminal.

Having mentioned England, let's consider the well-known words "lady" and "lord". It turns out that they are directly related to bread. IN explanatory dictionaries in English the word "lady" means "she who kneads the bread," and the word "lord" means "keeper of the loaves." When in ancient england divorced married couple, from household property, the husband received all the bread that was baked at the time of the divorce, and the wife received all the dough that was still in the kneader!

Do you know where the modern loaf came from?

From history, we know that ancient people on various occasions brought sacrifices to the gods in the form of domestic animals. Mostly they were bulls or cows. What to do if you urgently need to propitiate the gods, and poverty does not allow you to part with the only cow-breadwinner? In this case, they baked bread in the form of a cow, and later just bread with horns. It was called "cow".

All major events life was accompanied by the baking of special bread products: pies, cookies, gingerbread, "cones".

Ancient rites and customs have long gone from our lives, and respectful attitude left for bread!

Private educational institution

"Boarding school No. 18 of secondary general education of open

joint-stock company

"Russian railways»

Conversation about caring

relation to bread

Prepared

2nd grade teacher

Osipova A.N.

2017

Target :

fostering a caring attitude towards the Motherland, bread, the product of people's labor.

Tasks :

To generalize knowledge about bread, about the variety of bakery products.

To form personal, communicative, cognitive UUD.

Cultivate respect for bread.

Course progress.

Introduction.

Educator: Guess the riddle:

Wide, not the sea,

Gold, not money

Today on earth

Tomorrow is on the table. (Bread)

It was a long time ago. During the Stone Age.

When heavy rain and cold came to Earth, man had nothing to eat. And then he first noticed a wheat ear. To make the grains convenient to eat, they were moistened with water, then a person learned to grind the grains into flour. And then one day in one of the stone caves a man left a pot of wheat porridge by the fire. The fire imperceptibly crept up to the pot. The pot could not stand the heat and burst. The noise woke the man. He ran to the fire and saw that his food had turned to stone. When the stone cooled down, the man began to clean it and suddenly felt an unfamiliar smell. Putting a piece in his mouth, the man closed his eyes in pleasure. So the night fire in the cave taught people how to bake bread.

The word "bread" first appeared in ancient Greece, about 15,000 years ago. There they used special-shaped pots for baking - “klibanos”. Their name is consonant with our word "bread".

Bread has no price.

Bread is very useful product, not without reason it was always put in Rus' in the center of the table and considered the main dish.

Educator: Do you guys know where bread comes to our table from?

(children's answers)

Main part.

Educator: Guys, the topic of our conversation today. "The Price of a Slice"

Guys, who will explain what a slice is? (children's answers)

(A slice is a piece of bread, a slice is a small piece of bread.)

Guys, what do you think the price of a slice means? (children's answers)

(The price of a slice is worth nothing, a loaf of bread is 24 rubles)

Educator: And now, guys, listen to an excerpt from A. Raskin's story “How Dad Threw Bread” and answer the question - What terrible act did the boy do?

(The story is read by one of the students)

A boy grew up in one family, and he refused bread, because it seemed to him tasteless. He even dreamed that he would never eat bread when he grew up. And one day he did a terrible thing. He was offered supper, but he refused bread and threw it on the floor. And then the nanny said the following words to him: “Do you think you threw bread? I'll tell you now that you quit. I was small, for a piece of bread I grazed geese all day. In one winter we had no bread at all. I have a brother - your age died of hunger. If then a piece of bread, he would have remained alive. They teach you how to write and read. And they do not teach how bread is born. People work for you, grow bread, and you put it on the ground. Oh you! I don't want to look at you!"

Guys, how do you evaluate the boy's act? (children's answers)

(The boy acted badly)

Guys, you eat in the canteen, how do you feel about bread? (children's answers)

(Yes, we eat; we do not throw bread; we saw other children throw bread)

Summary of the story: The boy acted badly, did not appreciate bread, and yet it was a difficult time in our country. During the war years in besieged Leningrad the inhabitants of the city besieged by the Germans were given 125 grams of bread.

A conversation about the stages of making bread, about the professions of people who are involved in the creation of bread.

Educator: List the stages of growing and making bread.

(Plowing the field, sowing grains, growing wheat, harvesting, threshing, baking bread from flour.)

Educator: And now we will learn about those professions that help bring bread to the table. Look: there are signs with the names of various professions on the board. Please select those professions that, in your opinion, are related to bread. Explain your choice.

Plates with the names of various professions are attached to the board: artist, pianist, driver, tractor driver, cook, baker, combine operator, teacher, machine operator, tailor, miller, confectioner.

Showing a presentation about the stages of making bread: “How is bread made?”

Competition "Continue the proverb"

Educator: Now, guys, I suggest you continue the proverbs about bread.

A lot of snow - … (a lot of bread.)

Rye bread… (Kalach grandfather.)

Bread on the table... (and the throne table.)

Bread … (everything head.)

Snow on the fields... (bread in bins.)

To eat bread - … (There will also be a song.)

Bread - pie ... (grandfather.)

It's cold without an oven - without bread ... (hungry).

Out of time for lunch... (when there is no bread.)

Eat pies and bread... (go ahead.)

As long as there is bread and water, ... (It's not a problem.)

No bread... (no lunch.)

Riddles competition.

Educator: Guess the riddles:

1. Grew up in a field with a spikelet,

There is a piece on the table. (Bread)

I'll go to the warm earth

I will ascend to the sun.

Then there are people like me in it,

There will be a whole family. (Corn)

3. A house grew up in a field,

The house is full of grain

The walls are gilded

The shutters are boarded up.

He is golden and mustache,

There are a hundred guys in a hundred pockets.

The house is shaking

On a golden stalk. (Ear)

4. Grew up first in the wild in the field,

In the summer it bloomed and spiked,

And when he thrashed

He suddenly turned into grain.

From grain to flour and dough,

Took a seat in the store.

He grew up under blue skies

And he came to the table ... (Bread)

Educator: What else can be made from flour?

(children's answers)

Educator: Guys, when there is bread left from dinner, what can be cooked from it? (Children's answers:croutons, croutons)

Educator: You always need to remember the wise saying that came to us from the depths of centuries, born folk experience: "May the hand wither, throwing at least a crumb of bread under your feet!"

Diagnostic technique: "Associations".

Educator: The guys on pieces of paper on which the word “bread” is written should draw a small picture, which, in their opinion, reflects the meaning of this word.

(This technique will allow you to determine how widely developed the ideas of the younger student associated with this concept.)

Summary of the lesson.

Guys, what did we talk about today in class? (children's answers)

What do you remember about our lesson? (children's answers)

What was the most interesting for you? (children's answers)

Text from grade 9. Type of presentation. On a trial, by the way, exam. Copyright marks and literacy are preserved.

Variation on the theme of times.
It has long been the custom of the Slavs. People who took bread became friends with bread for life. When you eat bread, life changes. And bread becomes your friend forever. The people believe that bread is life, life is bread God.
There is a connection with bread. Bread is always on place of honor. Good guests are greeted with bread and salt. But not every guest knows that you have to break the bread yourself to eat it and give it to the guests. Not every person knows that before breaking the bread he must be kissed.

Variation on theme two.
From time immemorial, the Slavs had a custom. Bread was valued when someone was escorted on the road, when someone was dying. Bread must not be thrown away, because sin punished. People leaning against bread remained forever true friends each other. Batiushka bread was the custom of all peoples when people were escorted to another world.
Every grain was invested in the bread. Freeloaders live at the expense of others, they earn a living to live life. But there is one thing without any exception, bread is the life of man. Guests are always greeted at the holidays with bread and salt.
Respect for bread and love in the family. Bread must be handled with care. The kinder his soul, the more conscientious the person. Those who do not value bread were punished by sin.

From another work, semi-variation:
People who offer bread become friends for life.

And another one:
When eating bread, the life of the people changes.

It has long been a custom among the Slavs: people who break bread become friends for life. Bread is the ambassador of peace and friendship between peoples, and remains so today. Life is changing, new values ​​are emerging, but bread-father, bread-breadwinner remains the greatest value. It is customary to see off with bread long way. It is customary to meet soldiers returning from the war with bread. It is customary to commemorate those who will never return with bread. And everyone remembers and appreciates bread in their own way. But there is one thing in common for everyone without exception: bread is life.
There is an inextricable link between the attitude towards bread and the moral state of society. Everyone who honestly earns his own bread is respectfully said by the people that he eats his own bread. And, on the contrary, they speak disparagingly of freeloaders living at the expense of others.
Bread that has been obtained as a gift, not earned by labor, spoils a person, because it deprives him of a moral basis. purer soul him, the more conscientious and kinder the person himself is.

The passage, of course, is so-so, but not so complicated. The temptation, again, is that it is on the Web, and in different options, therefore, the children began to write off from anywhere and forgot the text of the presentation that they had originally read.