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National Art Museum of Belarus. National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus Autumn painting by a Belarusian artist National Museum

The decision to establish an art museum was made in September 1943. The art hall, which existed since 1925, received the status of an independent institution in 1946 and at the same time, by order of the Department of Arts of the Council of People's Commissars of the Yakut Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic, it was transformed into the Yakut Museum fine arts.

The basis of the museum's collection was 27 paintings from the funds of the State Tretyakov Gallery, donated to the republic back in 1928. This small collection represented a selection of characteristic examples of Russian painting of the second half of XIX- the beginning of the 20th century. Among the paintings can be noted a small landscape " Late fall» I.I. Levitan with an autograph of his brother, confirming the authorship of the brush famous artist; sketches by V.D. Polenov from the Palestinian series; widely and freely painted still life "Bouquet" (1908) K.A. Korovin, in which they found reflection character traits"Russian impressionism" and two portraits - attractive female images- "The Lady in Black" (1864) K.E. Makovsky and “Portrait of Elena (?) Snegireva” (1897) by V.E. Makovsky, originating from the Tsvetkovskaya Gallery. These works, by their pictorial merits and by the meaning of the names presented, initially set a qualitative level, which largely determined the ways of further formation of the collection.

Also in the collection are receipts from the storerooms of other museums. In 1954-1955, a small, but interesting collection small plastics made of bronze and bone, porcelain, objects with cloisonné enamel, painting on scrolls by the masters of Japan, China, Tibet and Mongolia of the 17th-20th centuries. Among these objects, of undoubted interest is Japanese folk miniature sculpture - the famous netsuke, as well as openwork Chinese carving. Chapter oriental art continues to be replenished by donations and acquisitions of the museum.

A bright page in the history of museum work in the republic was the gratuitous transfer in 1962 of more than 250 works of Western European art of the 16th-19th centuries from the family collection of the famous Yakut scientist, Doctor of Economics, Professor Mikhail Fedorovich Gabyshev (1902-1958). As part of the gift can be noted Italian masters- Niccolo Renieri (c. 1590-1667), Giovanni Battista Pittoni (1687-1767), Dutch artists- Alexander Adriansen (1587-1661), Frederico de Moucheron (1633-1686), excellent portraits by an unknown Flemish master of the first quarter of the 17th century.

The museum has a large number of works that can be considered as software for creative heritage many Yakut artists.

Winner of the competition "Changing Museum in a Changing World" 2009 Project "Biennale for Young Art "Here and Now"

Photo: National Art Museum Republic of Sakha

Photo and description

The National Art Museum of the Republic of Sakha is one of the largest art museums in the northeastern part of Russia. Such well-known public and state figures as A. Sofronov, M. Amosov, artists M. Nosov and P. Romanov participated in the creation of the museum. The museum has very rich history, and by the uniqueness of the collection it is the leader in the region Far East and Siberia.

The Sakha Art Museum was founded in 1928. Its collection was based on 27 paintings from the State Tretyakov Gallery, which were donated to the republic. This collection consisted of characteristic samples of Russian painting late XIX- the beginning of the XX century. Particular attention among the paintings deserves a small landscape by I. Levitan "Late Autumn", sketches by V. Polenov from the Palestinian series, a still life by K. Korovin "Bouquet", two portraits - "Portrait of Elena Snegireva" by V. Makovsky and "Lady in Black" by K. Makovsky.

In 1946, the picture hall was transformed into the Yakut Museum of Fine Arts, and in 1992 it was included in the list of objects of national and cultural heritage of the republic. In 1995, the Republican Museum of Fine Arts named after A.I. Gabysheva in State Museum the National Art Museum of the Republic of Sakha with the functions of an organizational, methodological, research and educational center for all museums and art galleries located on the territory of the republic. In 1997, the NHM RS received membership in the International Council of Museums.

To date, the museum has more than 12 thousand exhibits, which include collections of Yakut, Russian and foreign art of the 16th - 21st centuries. The exposition of the museum consists of such sections as: domestic art XX century”, “Art of Yakutia 1920-2000”, “Graphics of Yakutia”, “ Russian art XVIII – XIX centuries”, Yakut folk and arts and crafts” and “Western European art of the XVI-XIX centuries”.

The special pride of the museum is a priceless collection of carved bones of the 19th-20th centuries, which is a unique cultural phenomenon.

In this issue, the project "Museums of Belarus together with BELKART" invites you to virtual tour by the National Art Museum. This is the place where unique collection art objects, the originals of Aivazovsky, Shishkin and Pukirev are kept. How rich and diverse the collection of the National Art Museum - read below. In every big city there are special places. There are places that people visit to be considered fashionable; there are places that give the right to be named cultured person; and there are those in which they come at the call of the soul and heart, those in which you begin to understand that the beautiful and delightful are very close. For 76 years now, there has been a place in Minsk where people come to enjoy the picturesque splendor. And this place is the National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus. The exposition, branches and depositories of this museum contain more than thirty thousand works, which form twenty different collections and make up two main museum collections: a collection of national art and a collection of monuments of art from countries and peoples of the world.

The official history of the museum begins on January 24, 1939, when the State Art Gallery was established in Minsk by the decision of the Council of People's Commissars of the BSSR. IN post-war years gallery received new status: from now on it was already the State Art Museum. And, finally, in 1993, a brand name appeared, by which we know the museum today.

The pre-war period of the Gallery's work under the direction of Nikolai Prokopyevich Mikholap (1886–1979) was a time of intensive formation of art collections. In a surprisingly short period of time, the employees managed to do an incredible amount of collecting exhibits: the most valuable works of cult art in churches and churches were taken out and registered, large funds of paintings, drawings and arts and crafts were collected from the funds of museums in Belarus. Several works from their funds were donated by the Tretyakov Gallery and the Russian Museum, the Museum of Fine Arts. A.S. Pushkin and State Hermitage. The collection of the new gallery also includes works by famous Russian Soviet artists.

After the reunification of the Western Belarusian lands with the BSSR in September 1939, the Art Gallery received works from the nationalized estates and castles of Western Belarus, including part of the collection of the palace of the Radziwill princes in Nesvizh. Thus, the collection was replenished with a rich collection of Slutsk belts, French tapestries of the 18th century, portrait painting 16th – 19th centuries At the beginning of 1941, the funds of the State art gallery The BSSR already had 2,711 works, of which 400 were on display. gallery team, researchers and art historians were in anticipation of a huge front of work on the description and study of each monument, the creation of a catalog museum collection. But... But the Great Patriotic War began. In the first days of the war, the fate of the entire assembly develops tragically. In a short period of time, it will disappear without a trace. The collection was being prepared for evacuation, but they couldn't save it - they didn't take it out. IN in full force and in complete safety the art collection in Minsk appeared before the conquerors. The collection of the art gallery has ceased to exist, and its loss can be called irreparable. The fate of the pre-war collection of the art gallery is still unknown. The second stage of the museum's history is associated with the 33-year selfless activity of the Honored Art Worker of the BSSR, director of the Gallery since 1944, Elena Vasilievna Aladova (1907 - 1986), who headed the department of Russian and Belarusian art before the war. Thanks to the energy and enthusiasm of the few first employees who worked selflessly, often until late at night, the museum literally "rose from the ashes." Despite the post-war devastation, the government of the republic allocated considerable funds to purchase works for the Gallery. The museums of Russia again helped: the State Museum. A.S. Pushkin, State Russian Museum. E.V. Aladova obtained permission to build a special building for the Gallery. In 1957, the museum celebrated a housewarming party in interiors familiar to all of us to this day. Inspection of the exposition of the National Art Museum begins just from those halls that received visitors in the distant 50s. Russian is hosted here today art XVIII- the beginning of the XX century. The collection of this period includes more than 5,000 pieces of painting, sculpture, graphics and arts and crafts created by Russian masters. In the exhibition halls you can join the work of K.P. Bryullov, S.F. Shchedrin, I.K. Aivazovsky, V.G. Perova, N.N. Ge, I.E. Repin, I.I. Shishkin and many other luminaries of Russian art.

However, special attention should be paid to the painting by V.V. Pukirev "Unequal Marriage", which has become a kind of classic of the genre. The thing is that the Art Museum exhibited a copy of this work, written in 1875, i.e. 13 years after the artist created the first version of the work. Today, the elder brother of "Unequal Marriage" is kept in the State Tretyakov Gallery.

In 1993, the construction of a new museum building began - an extension to the main building. This made it possible to significantly expand the exposition area. Almost the entire corpus is dedicated to our national art starting from the 12th century. and ending with contemporary artists. Passing through the sliding portal from the "old" to the "new" building, you find yourself, as it were, in a completely different museum. This contrast makes visiting the Art Museum more memorable and varied. The expansion of the area made it possible to provide exhibition halls that meet the modern requirements of the exhibition and the demands of visitors. Special equipment made it possible to exhibit real artifacts of Belarusian art of the 12th – 18th centuries for public viewing. These are numerous icons, and ancient carved decorations of temples, and manuscripts. Of course, it is in such special conditions that our truly National treasure- Slutsk belts. For the sake of this meeting alone, it is worth visiting the Art Museum!

Of course, in the National Art Museum you can get acquainted not only with the culture of one nation. Two more expositions are located here, which allow you to travel beyond the borders of Belarus. Exposition "Western European Art of the 16th - early 20th centuries" introduces the works of both famous and little-known artists representing different schools, eras and trends of European art. Of considerable interest is the exposition "Art of the East XIV - XX centuries." The history of this collection dates back to the late 1950s, when a significant collection of Chinese decorative and applied arts was transferred to the museum by the Ministry of Culture of the People's Republic of China. Today, the collection presents traditional art forms of the countries of the Front, Middle, Central, South and South-East Asia, Caucasus and Far East: painting and sculpture, miniature and art folk painting, weaving and art metal, ceramics and porcelain, painted and cloisonné enamel, wood carving, bone carving, stone carving, painted and carved varnishes.

The National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus has long ceased to be just a museum. This is at the same time concert hall, and a lecture hall, and an interactive location, and a temple of art. Minsk residents (and not only) are looking forward to the annual events that have already become traditional and gather, it seems, half the city - “Night of Museums” and “Verasneva Vechar”. Numerous concerts for almost every musical taste - from classical to experimental alternative performers - take place here almost every week. Interactive programs have long gained fame as the most unusual museum direction, turning the museum into a kind of flagship of this type of activity. Lectures and master classes are organized for each exhibition, which makes it possible to gain a deeper knowledge of the material. With such a rich program in the museum with great pleasure, you can spend the whole family all day. Here you can even take a delicious break by visiting the only art cafe in the country. You can visit the Art Museum at almost any convenient time, and once a month you can do it for free. The museum is whole life! Only the lazy can afford to pass this life by.

National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus, Minsk, st. Lenina, 20, tel.: +375 17 327 71 63 Opening hours: 11:00 – 19:00 Ticket office and entrance for visitors: 11:00 – 18:30 Day off: Tuesday The cost of an adult ticket for the permanent exhibition in 2016 is 50,000 rubles, a reduced ticket is 25,000 rubles. The cost of excursion services is from 100,000 rubles. Museum website -

The collection of ancient Belarusian art of the National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus is one of the largest in the country. It contains more than 1200 works XII - early XIX century. The collections that make up the collection of ancient Belarusian art in the museum are extremely diverse and rich in content. They were formed in the post-war period through expeditions, the return of part of the pre-war funds of the museum, receipts from private individuals and government agencies.

Collection of ancient Belarusian arts and crafts includes archaeological finds from the excavations of ancient Belarusian cities of the X-XVI centuries. - household items that, in their execution, acquire the character of real works of medieval craft - chess pieces, household glassware, beads, jewelry. These are magnificent examples of the sacred religious art- stone carved pectoral icons, encolpion crosses, as well as products of Belarusian goldsmiths - jewelers of the 16th-18th centuries: liturgical kelikhs, chalices, monstrances, salaries of the Gospels, chasubles for icons, votive silver plates. The collection also includes samples of weaving and embroidery of the 17th - early 19th centuries: church and church robes from fabrics of European and local production, fragments of the famous Slutsk belts of the second half of the XVI II - the beginning of the XIX century, belts of the Grodno manufactory.

In the 17th century "Belarusian carving" gained immense fame. Belarusian wood carvers and gilders created wonderful altars and iconostases not only in their homeland, but also in the Muscovite state. The Museum in its collections and expositions has highly artistic samples of such works as the Royal Doors from iconostases, carved columns, baroque cartouches, decorated with both relief cut-out carvings and images made in high relief technique and round, three-dimensional sculpture. In the sculpture and carving collection The ancient Belarusian collection of the museum contains such masterpieces of wooden plastic and sculpture of Belarus as the royal gates of the late 16th century. from the village of Voronilovichi, two late Gothic sculptures of archangels from the towns of Shereshevo and Yalovo, baroque sculptures from Polotsk and Kobrin.

Collection of ancient Belarusian icon painting and sacred painting- one of the most valuable in our country. This is the largest collection of works of Belarusian icon painting in Belarus reflects the history of the development of original religious painting, the history of Belarusian icons from the end of the 15th century (the image of the Mother of God Hodegetria from Sluchchina) to the first decades 19th century. Monuments of the beginning of the 19th century still retain the traditional features of the classical Belarusian icon: carved gilded and silvered backgrounds, special iconography of plots and images. Pearls in the collection of ancient Belarusian icon painting - the icon "Savior Pantokrator" from Byten and " mother of God Hodegetria" from Dubenets - works of the second half of the 16th century, "The Resurrection of Christ" of the middle of the 17th century from Bezdezh, "The Nativity of the Virgin" 1649.

It is known that Belarusian artists of the 16th-18th centuries, as a rule, did not sign their works. Nevertheless, in the museum's collection there are several works, by the inscriptions on which you can find out the names of their authors - artists of the XVIII- early XIX century: Vasily Markianovich from Slutsk, Foma Silinich from Mogilev.

The core of the portrait collection make up portraits of the former Radziwill collection from the castle in Nesvizh. It is complemented by the so-called "Sarmatian portraits" - portrait images Belarusian gentry in traditional "Sarmatian" costumes from various private estate galleries and the Grodno Brigitte Monastery (portraits of Krzysztof and Alexandra-Marianna Veselovsky and their adopted daughter Griselda Sapieha). A part of the portrait collection of the ancient Belarusian collection is constantly exhibited in the branch of the museum "The House of Vankovichi" - from works of the 17th century. before estate portraits of the 19th century, where the features of conventionality and representativeness, traditional for the Belarusian Sarmatian portrait, are still preserved: family coats of arms and informative inscriptions, conditional movements, a frozen expression on the face, special attention to the image of the costume.

Most of the ancient Belarusian collection of the museum, which, in addition to the above, also includes a collection of handwritten and early printed books, was found during the museum's expeditions around Belarus and entered the museum funds in the 1970-1990s. mainly from closed churches and churches. Many works were significantly damaged. They were diligently strengthened by restorers and now, despite even fragmentary preservation, they delight with the harmony of colors and the accuracy of the drawing.

There are monuments in the ancient Belarusian collection that entered the museum collections of Belarus back in the 1920s, survived during the Great Patriotic War returned after it from abroad. In the second half of the 1940s - 1960s. they returned to the art museum, laying the foundation for the ancient Belarusian museum collection.

Minsk is a city with thousand years of history already in itself is a landmark of the European part of our continent and contains an incredible amount of architectural and historical monuments must visit for everyone Slavic peoples as this is the beginning common history. Often tourists choose to visit in unfamiliar city museums. For Minsk, they are not uncommon. One of them is famous National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus.

One of the most interesting is the National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus, which celebrated its 75th anniversary in 2014. The museum's collections contain largest collection Belarusian and foreign art. The National Art Museum began its existence with the State art gallery, opened in the year 39 of the last century in 15 halls of the communist agricultural school, to display masterpieces collected from the museums of Vitebsk, Gomel, Mogilev and Minsk, as well as transferred Tretyakov Gallery, Russian and Pushkin Museums and the Hermitage. Later, the collected collection was supplemented with unique items brought from castles and mansions of Western Belarus, such as the famous Slutsk belts, portraits of the 16th–19th centuries. and French tapestries. The gallery did not have time to be evacuated during the Second World War and it was plundered. The location of most of the masterpieces remains unknown to this day.

After the end of the war, the gallery tried to recreate its collection anew and actively acquired paintings by Russian artists. The museums of Moscow and St. Petersburg also contributed to replenishing the exposition by donating several masterpieces. The gallery was renamed the State Art Museum on July 10, 1957, and on November 5 of the same year it moved to a magnificent building, decorated with allegorical sculptures, erected according to the project of M. Baklanov, located on 2 floors in 10 halls and a large gallery. This building was the first museum building in the history of Soviet construction. A modern banknote of 1000 Belarusian rubles has been awarded the right to be depicted on the front side of this building.

Over the years, the museum has continued to increase its holdings by purchasing masterpieces from private collectors and has returned a small fraction of what was stolen during the Second World War. The collection of the museum became so large that the building had to be expanded with the help of outbuildings and neighboring buildings.

In 1993, a decision was made to reconstruct the museum building and rename it the National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus. In 2007, the renovated museum again became available to the public. The architect V. Belyankin, responsible for the reconstruction, managed to combine modernity and history and materialize it in a beautiful building in classical style with a glass dome roof. Now the museum building, in addition to the main exhibition, contains a storage and restoration workshops. Visitors can even watch the process of painting restoration. The halls display the masterpieces of all historical eras home country, Western Europe, East and Russia.

The National Art Museum today has the following collections of collections: Ancient Belarusian, Belarusian art, Russian art, European art and art of the countries of the East, as well as being an integral part cultural life Capitals, the museum holds meetings with art historians and artists, organizes musical and literary evenings, presentations of books and paintings contemporary masters and hosts art film screenings and concerts.

The National Art Museum of the Republic of Belarus participates in the international campaign “Night at the Museum”, creates unique art projects, offers visitors interactive programs. The museum has a permanent exhibition and updated temporary exhibitions.

A few years ago, the Ministry of Culture of the Republic of Belarus launched and is already implementing new project called "Museum Quarter". In the near future, this project will unite the complex of galleries and include modern pavilions, as well as shops selling replicas of the classics, works of art by contemporary masters and, of course, books about art.

The Museum Quarter will also have a café, a courtyard with a sculpture park and a glass dome roof. In the courtyard you can enjoy live classical music, which is an integral part of cultural heritage Belarus. Thus, National Art Museum will turn into the most interesting attraction to visit in Minsk.