Popular proverbs. Dal's proverbs (from the book "Proverbs and sayings of the Russian people") Writer far proverbs and sayings
Proverbs of the Russian people
Original title: Proverbs of the Russian people
Publisher: Type. M.O. wolf
Place of publication: SPb.-M.
Publication year: 1879
In addition to proverbs, this collection includes proverbial sayings, sayings, sayings, tongue twisters, jokes, riddles, beliefs, signs, superstitions and many sayings that have conditionally come into use. “In this collection should come together folk wisdom with folk stupidity, mind with vulgarity, good with evil, truth with lies. A person must appear here as he is in general, on the entire globe, and as he is in particular, in our people. What is bad, then run, what is good, follow it, but do not hide, do not hide either good or bad, but show what is ... The collection of proverbs is a set of folk experienced wisdom. These are groans and sighs, weeping and sobbing, joy and merriment, sorrow and consolation in faces. This is the color of the people's mind, an original article, this is the everyday people's truth, a kind of judicial code, not judged by anyone ... What did not reach the people did not concern their life, it did not stir either their mind or their heart, and that is not in the proverbs; what is entangled with good, or dashing into his life, you will find in the proverb.
GOOD - MERCY - EVIL
God rules in a good way. Good (or: Necessary) way God rules.
God helps the good. God bless you to help.
God is pleased, but the king is pleased.
Good to live well. It is good to live in good.
With kindness to everyone in the hunt.
Hurry to do good (or: hurry).
Hurry up for a good deed, and the bad will come in time.
A good deed does not melt in water (or: it does not sink).
A good deed is strong (or: quickly).
A good deed for a century (or: for two centuries: this and that).
Do not repent of a good deed. Having done good, do not repent (do not reproach).
Do not measle with a good deed.
Good overcomes evil. Do not resist bad against good.
Famously remembered, but the good of the century will not be forgotten.
Good and good in a dream.
There are good people in the world.
Evil does not believe that there are good people.
Not a century to live, but a century to remember.
Good good memory.
An affectionate word is not difficult, but quick.
A good man will do better than an angry one.
A kind word seduces many.
An affectionate word - that spring day.
His caress is not a stroller: you can’t sit down and you won’t go.
Do not rush at a kind word, do not be angry at a rude one.
Do not give in to a kind word, do not be angry at the contrary.
Do not be angry with an angry word, and do not rely on a kind word.
Do not be afraid of anger, do not rush to affection.
Bitter to be - spit out, sweet - swallowed.
The bitter will be cursed, and the sweet will be swallowed.
The angry one was disliked, but the merciful one was knocked out of the circle.
A bad god (i.e., an idol) is licked by calves.
Do not feed with kalach, but do not hit in the back with a brick.
Do not feed the master's servant with bread, but the master's servant run (i.e., work).
Not all of the task, foreign and affection.
Not all on the back of the head, but also on the head.
Not all whip, foreign and whistle.
The spirit of meekness, and not a stick to the bone.
Not all molt, foreign and whistle (sailor.).
Do not beat the peasant with a club (or: with a club), beat him with a ruble (half).
A merciful person and God gives.
To the sick (or: To the unfortunate, that is, to the punished criminal) to do mercy - to speak with the Lord God.
Mercy also boasts in judgment. Red mercy and in truth.
Mercy is the backbone of justice.
He won't kill a fly. He will not kill a mosquito even in a dream.
Our Avdey is no villain to anyone.
The wisdom of the serpent, the gentleness (or: meekness) of the dove.
And the chicken has a heart.
Such and such unsmeared (weasel).
Whom grandfather loves, that and the bones in his hands. Every giving is good.
Thankfully there is no pattern. It's not bad that prosvira is half a pood.
Don't blow cold winds on us.
Sorry, sorry, but there is nothing to help.
The veins are torn from gravity, tears flow from pity.
The heart bleeds. The heart is bleeding.
It's a pity for the girls - she lost (or: ruined) the guy.
Do not pity the one who jumps; pity the one who cries (and vice versa).
Feel sorry for the horse - exhaust yourself.
To pity guests is not to cry yourself.
From pity (or: pity) do not cry.
You can't pity him by crying.
You will not be kind to the merciless.
From dashing you will not hear a kind word.
Hardship would not take, and tightness would not take.
Not crampedness destroys, hardship.
At the stone priest, and iron prosvirs.
His penny will burn a beggar's hand.
Why be angry with someone who is not afraid of us?
It is good to beat the one who cries, and teach the one who obeys.
Be angry, do not sin.
To be angry is a human thing, but to remember is a devilish thing.
Anger is human, and rancor is diabolical.
Do not return evil for evil.
Crooked crooked (thin thin) can not be corrected.
Do not remember the back (or: do not remember). Don't remember the old.
The old sexton should not be reprimanded.
Don't remember badly.
Do not give free rein to the tongue in a feast, in conversation, but to the heart in anger.
Hold your tongue, and squeeze your heart into a fist.
He who overcomes his anger is strong.
Master of your anger is master of everything.
Not every villain, who is dashing for an hour.
The cloud is not without thunder, the owner (or: master) is not without anger.
Where there is anger, there is mercy.
An hour has wrath, an hour has mercy.
Although he will be angry, but then he will reconcile (i.e., reconcile).
He got warm - he got angry, he caught a cold - he got cold.
God will forgive, just don't be tricky ahead.
God will forgive the guilty, the king will grant the right.
God is his (or: you) judge. The Lord is with you.
God judge the offender (sinner), but the person forgives.
It is hard for him who remembers evil. Msta (revenge) is not vengeance.
Where harm, there and dislike.
Every crack squeaks (that is, where there is grief, there is a complaint).
You have fun, but I have bad laughs.
We will stand for good, but we will insist on evil.
Don't tease the dog, it won't bite.
Angry dog wolf self-interest.
They beat the wolf in someone else's peg.
Spread and carry manure (i.e., on you).
They carry water on the angry.
An evil person will not live in a good age.
The angry lip is thicker, and the belly is thinner (or: thinner).
Not at your mother: you can’t pout your lips (i.e., you’re used to pouting at your mother).
Good and cracker for health, but evil and meat is not for the future.
Do not hit someone else's gate with a whip; they would not hit yours with a club (or: with a butt).
Do not rid yourself of the hateful: God saves the dear.
Kuti and muddy, but strive, as if to leave yourself.
If only the pig's horns would have killed everyone from the world.
God does not give a horn to a vigorous cow.
The boisterous cow of the polenta lives.
Angry, but powerless - a pig brother.
To go under someone else's head - to carry one's own in advance (or: to carry one's towards).
Beating someone else's head - putting your own on the line.
You cuckoo well - yes, on your own head.
My villain, perish, do not get rid of me, but if you get rid of me, live at least three centuries. Lose my dashing one, do not let me out, but let me out, etc.
Eat a dog a dog, and the devil will eat the last one (or: and the last one, strangle yourself).
If it were not for the frost on the nettle, then there would be no frets with it.
If there were no frost on the hops, it would have outgrown through the tyn.
Thin grass out of the field.
Cheerful cow out of the field (or: out of the herd).
To live in evil - to walk around the world.
Famously to the bottom, and there is only one road.
The desire of sinners perishes.
You won’t take anything with your heart (or: you won’t do it).
The heart does not help the cause (or: will not help).
Do not be angry, you will spoil the liver (or: the liver will burst).
There were no (or: Not enough) lungs, so he spoke like a liver.
Angrily - stupidly, and troublesome - unstoppable.
Angry with pots does not go (because he will kill).
The heart of a parable (or: tributaries) cannot be broken.
You can't break straws with your heart.
Do not be angry, but rather submit.
Than to be angry (or: to scold), it is better to make peace.
You can't break an enemy's spear with your heart.
The heart does not crush - the head does not hurt.
The old woman was angry at the world for three years, but the world did not know it.
The woman was angry at bargaining, but bargaining does not know about it.
The mare is angry at the cart, but rushes it downhill and uphill.
The woman jumps back and forth, but things go on as usual.
To appease an angry one is to raise it more.
Bow to the angry, and he swaggers more.
An angry person will die - no one will take him away.
Angry - no one asked.
The soul will not endure, so the heart will take. He will take the heart, as the soul cannot endure.
The evil Natalya has all the people of the canal.
Whoever has bile in his mouth, everything is bitter.
Whatever it is: do not regenerate it to become.
This is his weakness. This is his weak string (or: side).
He limps a little on this leg (or: limps).
It has a lot of fleas. Oh-oh, a lot of fleas in you.
A man is exhausted - he is good for nothing.
Took with a heart, and eat with pepper.
To stick a penny to someone (Kazan, a poor man, in spite of a rich man, sticks a penny into his hut, and he must go broke).
Climb the wall. He does not remember himself, he climbs the wall.
A hot fellow was born.
The heart is fierce, the place is small, there is nowhere to disperse.
The stick will not disappear after the dog (i.e., it will remember).
An angry stick will be found. The angry one will find the stick.
You can't get rid of him with a cross or a pestle.
From him neither pray, nor fight back.
Not to pray, not to spit, not to bark, not to turn away.
From the devil with a cross, from a pig with a pestle, and from a dashing person - nothing.
The devil is planted, the demon is pubescent.
He's got the devil in the lining, Satan in the patch.
You don't even need a demon if you're here.
In spite of doing it. Points a finger, sticks a word.
To spite and in defiance, but to people in reproach.
Not out of self-interest, the dog bites, out of dashing.
The snake bites not for satiety, but for the sake of dashing.
He's been baring his teeth at him for a long time.
He's been sharpening a knife on me for a long time.
The trouble is how it diverged. So we walk and walk.
Cat in the eyes darting.
Disperses, and the devil is not his brother.
Our Kozma strikes everything from evil (or: strikes from a goat).
They said: they hanged all the madmen; they told a lie: one was not tied up.
Fools are mad, you know, not everyone is hanged.
A well-fed wolf is more meek than an envious person.
Like a raven waiting for blood (or: gazing).
Don't fall for his hungry tooth.
He looks like a wolf at a body.
Looks like he swallowed exactly seven, choked on the eighth.
Do not look at me lumpy, look loosely.
Biryuk (or: wolf, bear) looks.
Looks like a snake from behind the bosom. He looks like a hawk.
It squints like Wednesday to Friday.
In a crooked eye and straight crooked. In a crooked mirror and mouth on the side.
Puffed up like a turkey (like an Indian rooster)
Puffed up like a mouse on rump.
Cow's manner - to look frowningly.
What sharpened, exactly the devil on the priest?
From the skinned man pulls. From one ox he pulls two skins.
Skinned from a living. Deret from the living and from the dead.
You - to fix your stomach, and he pulls the guts out at all (a pot thrown over his belly).
The wolf took pity on the lamb, left the bones and skin.
The mare competed with the wolf: one tail and mane remained.
The wolf took pity on the mare: he left the tail and mane.
Hanging with you is like sitting in nettles.
To know you - to lag behind people.
About your health and talk quickly.
As he looks at the forest, so the forest withers.
Whatever you look at, everything fades.
Where you step foot - the grass does not grow.
Where I pass like a fox, there are no chickens for three years.
At least put him in the garden, and the garden will tame.
Like an ax: it won’t cut, it will hurt.
Pivitsa (leech) cries out - the year will not break.
As the soul is black, you cannot wash it off with soap.
Even though I’ll go naked myself, I’ll let the enemy go without a shirt.
I'll go naked myself, and I'll let you go like a tambourine.
Though the snout is in the blood, but ours took it.
Father did not give a hat, so let your ears freeze.
Run a hussar to someone (i.e., annoy. Literally: tickle a sleepy one in the nose).
Let someone in the bush (annoy).
I'll show you Kuz'kin's mother. You recognize Kuz'kin's mother.
Trick someone (i.e., hook).
Attach a mustard plaster to someone (i.e., annoy).
Sprinkle some pepper. Run someone a hairpin.
Bring someone under surkup (from card games).
Bring affairs under the monastery (kill the king with an ace).
Give someone a bristle. Pour some cabbage soup on a spoon.
Give someone a snack. Come on, take a bite.
This is the daughter-in-law's revenge.
To laugh at ridicule (i.e., to take revenge).
I brewed an ear (or: gruel) for them, they clear the way.
Bend someone into an arc (or: into three arcs; into three deaths).
Kill someone from the world. Get out of the world.
Give someone a rooster. Plant a red rooster on the roof (i.e., set it on fire).
I would drown it in a spoon. He will drown you in a spoon.
I'll cut it into a tag for you. I have you cut on the tag.
Without rolling a piece, the dog will not eat.
A dog won't even eat bread without growling.
Without grumbling, the cat will not eat a piece.
If he had a dog tail, he would have whipped his own sides.
Heart with pepper, soul with garlic.
Hisses like red-hot iron when you spit.
Whoever needs to hit the dog will find the stick.
A polled cow - even a bump, but butt.
Unable to cope with the cow, but the pail to the ground.
I couldn’t with a mare, but on the shafts.
Angry that the cow scratched on the wrong side.
It can be seen that he crossed the threshold with the wrong foot (or: inappropriately).
He stepped out of bed with his left foot.
Such a heart took that he would bite his own tongue.
Sharpen teeth on someone. Sharpen your claws on someone.
It rushes about like a mad (or: mad) cat.
He did not hold it for long, but to know the fingers.
Wherever it grabs, it leaves a trace of claws.
It is not with good intention that evil roots are dug.
He purges him like wild grass from a field.
The enemy is strong, and shakes mountains (increase: not only by man).
He suits Satan like an uncle.
Satan himself nurtured him.
Good: he gave a hell of a penny for him, but went crazy.
There is nothing to look at, it is hard to keep.
Sewn with a bast, girded with a frill.
You'd be a good guy, but you're not good for hell.
You give him a word, and he gives you ten.
How much mercy, but twice the dashing. Much mercy, but more dashing.
The heart is a falcon, and the courage is a crow.
He is not old in years, but with dashing he disappeared.
The stepmother was fertilized to her stepson: she ordered cabbage soup to be sipped in a conspiracy.
eat, Dear guests: everything will be (i.e., necessary) thrown out to the dogs.
Sulfur is like a pig, and evil is like a snake.
You are a dear father - but not to your children.
Dying, and shaking his leg.
Dies, but the potion is missing. The snake dies, but the potion is missing.
Kalach in the hands, and a stone in the teeth.
Deeds, deeds, are like soot white (i.e., so white).
The street is straight, but the hut is crooked.
Genre: Encyclopedia
Selected proverbs and sayings from the collection of Vladimir Ivanovich Dahl (1801-1872), writer and ethnographer, creator of the world-famous Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language.
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It is Vladimir Dahl who has the honor of being the most attentive and faithful researcher of oral folk art. The proverbs and sayings he collected never cease to reveal new facets to us in the deep wisdom of our ancestors and amaze us with subtle observation and wit.
Vladimir Ivanovich Dal
1000 Russian proverbs and sayings
Proverb is not judged
Vladimir Ivanovich Dal is famous a wide range readers primarily as the creator of the famous "Explanatory Dictionary of the Living Great Russian Language" - the richest treasury of the Russian word.
Dahl's no less remarkable work is his collection Proverbs of the Russian People, which includes more than thirty thousand proverbs, sayings and well-aimed words.
The origin of the great scientist is amazing, although in those distant times many Europeans - Germans, French, Scandinavians - considered it good to go to the service of the Russian Tsar and the new fatherland.
Writer, ethnographer, linguist, doctor, Vladimir Ivanovich Dal was born on November 22 (November 10 according to the old style), 1801 in Lugansk, Yekaterinoslav province. Father - Johann Christian Dahl - a Dane who took Russian citizenship, was a doctor, linguist and theologian, mother - Maria Khristoforovna Dahl (née Freytag) - half German, half French. Dahl's father became a patriot of all Russian. Having fallen in love with Russia, he also sought to develop in his children a love for the Russian language, culture, and art.
In 1814, Vladimir Dal entered the St. Petersburg Marine cadet corps. He graduated from the course, served in the Navy in Nikolaev, then in Kronstadt. After retiring, he entered the medical faculty of Dorpat University, graduated from it in 1829 and became an oculist surgeon.
And again - military service. In 1828 a two-year Russian-Turkish war, and Dahl was drafted into the army. He participated in the transition of the Russian army through the Balkans, continuously operating on the wounded in tent hospitals and directly on the battlefields. Dahl's talent as a surgeon was highly appreciated by the outstanding Russian surgeon Pirogov. In 1831, during a campaign against the Poles, Vladimir Ivanovich distinguished himself while crossing the Vistula. He was the first to use electric current in the explosive business, having mined the crossing and blown it up after the retreat of the Russian troops across the river. For this, Emperor Nicholas I awarded V. I. Dahl with the Order - the Vladimir Cross in his buttonhole.
Dal began collecting words and expressions of the Russian folk language in 1819. Even in the Naval Corps, he was engaged in literature, wrote poetry. Driving once through the Novgorod province, he wrote down the word “rejuvenate” that interested him (“otherwise, become cloudy, tend to bad weather”). And since then, wandering through the vast expanses of Russia, Vladimir Ivanovich did not part with his notes, replenishing them with new words, well-aimed sayings, proverbs and sayings, having accumulated and processed two hundred thousand words by the end of his life!
It is necessary to especially note his acquaintance and friendship with Pushkin. Dahl's work on the dictionary and his collection of proverbs played a significant role in this. Dahl later recalled the enthusiasm with which Pushkin spoke of the richness of Russian proverbs. According to contemporaries, great poet, in fact, strengthened Dahl in his intention to collect a dictionary of the living folk language.
Alexander Sergeevich and Vladimir Ivanovich more than once shared the hardships of difficult travels along the roads of Russia, traveled to the places of Pugachev's campaigns.
In the tragic days of January 1837, Dahl, as close friend and as a doctor, he took an active part in the care of the mortally wounded Pushkin. It was to Dahl that the words of the dying man were addressed: "Life is over ..." The grateful poet gave him a talisman ring. Dahl left notes about the last hours of Alexander Sergeevich's life.
In 1832, "Russian Fairy Tales. First Five" edited by Dahl were published. However, the book was soon banned, and the author was arrested. Only at the request of V. A. Zhukovsky, at that time the educator of the heir to the throne, Dal was released. But he could no longer publish under his own name and signed with the pseudonym Cossack Lugansky. It was under this pseudonym that one of the favorite fairy tales of our childhood, "Ryaba the Hen", was published.
Dahl's works are full of proverbs and sayings. Sometimes, instead of a detailed description of the hero, his assessment is given only in the proverb: "He ... would not have to live like this - from morning to evening, but there is nothing to remember; a week has passed, it has not reached us." Or: “They didn’t teach while lying across the bench, but stretched out to the fullest - you won’t teach”; "Whoever can, that one gnaws at."
Published almost at the same time "Proverbs of the Russian people" (1862) and " Dictionary"(1864) enriched Russian culture and literature.
In the preface to the book of proverbs, Dahl wrote: “The sources or reserve for the collection were: two or three printed collections of the last century, the collections of Knyazhevich, Snegirev, handwritten sheets and notebooks reported from different sides, and - most importantly - the living Russian language, and more is the speech of the people.
It should be noted that even before Dahl, back in the 18th century, proverbs and sayings of the Russian people were collected and published. Examples include N. Kurganov's "Letterbook" (1769), "Collection of 4291 ancient Russian proverbs" attributed to the professor of Moscow University Barsov (1770), the collection "Russian proverbs" by I. Bogdanovich (1785). The first significant study of Russian proverbs is the work of I. M. Snegirev "Russians in their proverbs" (1831–1834). In the middle of the 19th century, the collections of I. M. Snegirev (1848, 1857) and the collection of proverbs extracted from books and manuscripts and published in 1854 by F. I. Buslaev were considered the main collections of proverbs and sayings.
However, it is Dahl who has the honor of becoming the most accurate, deep and faithful researcher of oral folk art.
The extensive material collected by Dalem forced him to group the proverbs in the collection into headings, sections. These headings often combine opposite phenomena of life, concepts, etc., for example, "good - evil", "joy - sorrow", "guilt - merit"; and everything is given an assessment in proverbs, because they express the innermost judgments of the people.
Deep wisdom, subtle observation, clear mind of the people determined the most expressive proverbs and sayings about literacy, learning, intelligence, about the abilities and intelligence of people. Proverbs condemn talkers, grumpy and stupid, lovers of scandal, swaggering, overly proud people.
Many proverbs spoke about the peasant world, about joint work, the strength of the rural community. "You can overcome the devil with a cathedral," the proverb claimed. "What the world has ordered, then God has judged", "The world will roar, so the forests are moaning", "Together - not heavy, but apart - at least drop it", "You can solve every matter with the world" ...
The book offered to the reader includes only a small part of Dahl's vast collection of proverbs and sayings. They are about love, friendship, happiness, wealth, work and idleness, life and death, loneliness, luck. Pay attention to how fresh, modern they sound!
And how many stable phrases are in today's Russian language, the origin of which we no longer think about, but which have a very definite source. Who has not heard a completely modern expression: "It's in the bag." It is from Dahl's collection, and came from a lot, which was put into a hat, and then pulled from it.
In almost every section of Dahl's "Proverbs of the Russian People" one can encounter contradictory materials. And this is natural, because real life full of contradictions. Here it is very important to distinguish shades, as well as a measure of the depth of proverbs and sayings. After all, they were sometimes born under the influence of emotions, and not just years of observation and experience.
"Proverbs and sayings of the Russian people"- one of the most famous works Russian ethnographer and writer Vladimir Ivanovich Dalia. The work, published in 1862, contains more than thirty thousand sayings, riddles and proverbs.
The collected sayings give an idea of the culture, way of life and life philosophy Russian people. The publication is also a monument of oral and written speech of the 19th century. All sayings are recorded in a living folk language, as well as terms and phraseological phrases related to crafts. Additional sources for the book were collections of the 18th century, private notes, works by D. Knyazhevich and I. Snegirev. This auxiliary material made up the fifth part of Proverbs and sayings of the Russian people.
In his work, Dahl refuses to be fond of terminology and allows the reader to independently delve into and reason about the meaning of this or that saying. The author calls himself a "collector". The book is preceded by an introductory article - "Naputnoe". The rest of the volume is devoted directly to samples of small folklore.
When compiling a book, Dal did a colossal job: he collected phrases by ear, in oral conversation. Use already published proverbs it was necessary with caution, there were "empty", "distorted" expressions. It was necessary to reject phrases with typos or signs of misunderstanding. This was associated with the risk of excluding authentic sayings from the collection. Thus, the main part of the collection is devoted to phrases recorded among the people.
Dahl defines a proverb as "an involuntarily broken exclamation" that cannot be composed on purpose. This catchphrases, which were used throughout the territory of residence of the Russian people. People invented amazingly successful words and ways of expressing thoughts.
Dahl also distributed the collected phrases according to thematic groups. In the book you can find sayings about God and faith, about happiness, wealth and luck, about good and evil, about family and animals, as well as about many other aspects of spiritual and material life, including the elements of nature, agriculture, phrases about whims. In total, 178 topics are presented, covering the whole picture of the world, a modern Dahl person. In addition, the book contains riddles, tongue twisters, jokes.
Folklore existed even in the preliterate era. The study of the Dahl collection gives a historical insight into the life and beliefs of people, the mentality and common culture people.
Dal Russian proverbs and sayings: read and download
We have compiled 2 collections of Dahl's proverbs, based on the information available in open sources, and recorded them on Yandex-disk in .doc format. To download proverbs, follow the links provided and click "Download"
V. I. Dal “Proverbs and sayings of the Russian peoples (by topic):
V. I. Dal “Proverbs and sayings of the Russian peoples (topics in alphabetical order):
Dahl's proverbs by topic:
Here we simply list subgroup themes, to which Vladimir Ivanovich Dahl shared Russian proverbs and sayings in his book:
Baba is a woman, Take care of it is extravagance, God is faith, Wealth is prosperity, Wealth is squalor, Bozhba is an oath - a guarantee, Chatterbox is a scout, Scolding is hello, Past is the future.
Faith is sin, Faith is confession, Faith (riddles), True is known, True is reliable, Guilt is merit, Will is bondage, Theft is robbery, the Universe.
Where, Woe is trouble, Woe is resentment, Woe is consolation, Guest is hospitality, Diploma, Thunderstorm is punishment, Gulba is drunkenness.
Far - close, Yard - house - household, Girl fortune-telling, Children - homeland, Days, Good - mercy - evil, Dokuka, Prosperity - squalor, Fight - war, Friend - foe.
Riding is a carriage.
Groom - bride, Animal - creature, Life - death.
Care - experience, Envy - greed, Riddles, Enthusiasm - revelry - debauchery, Loans, Law, Reserve, Ranks - estates, Health - illness, Agriculture.
Games - fun - catching, Fanaticism - a split, Fanaticism - hypocrisy.
Kapa - thunderstorm, Kaby - if only, Treasury, Kara - mercy, Kara - disobedience, Kara - indulgence, Kara - recognition - humility, Kara - threat, Slander - slander, Cry of bearers, Konanye (lots).
Love is dislike.
Monthly, World - quarrel - dispute, Much - little, Rumor - glory, Youth - old age, Fraud - theft, Husband - wife.
Supervision - the owner, Name - name - nickname, People - peace, People - language, Inheritance - a gift, Beginning - end, Bosses - order - obedience, Bosses - service, Untruth - a lie, Untruth - deception, Unexpectedness - surprise.
Loneliness, Loneliness - marriage, Oversight - quickness, Neatness, Caution.
Memory - remember, Food, Reason - reason, Weather - elements, Search - find, Peace - movement, Help - by the way, It's time - measure - success, Proverb - saying, Praise - boast, Truth - falsehood, Truth - untruth - lie, Holiday, Sentences - jokes, Gratitude, Decency - courtesy - custom, Choruses, Sayings, Reason - excuse, Reason - consequence, Whim, Space - tightness, Misdemeanor - sin, Request - consent - refusal, Directness - slyness, Way - road, Drunkenness.
Work - idleness, Joy - grief, Meditation - determination, Plant - agriculture, Craft - artisan, Craft - projectile, Kin - tribe, Motherland - foreign land, Roznoe - one, Rus' - homeland.
Wedding, Matchmaking, Own - someone else's, Originality, Family - relatives, Fairy tale - song, Tongue twisters, Cattle - animal, Courage - courage - cowardice, Laughter - joke - fun, Humility - pride, Temptation - temptation, Temptation - example, Consciousness - evidence, Dream, Neighbor - frontier, Quarrel - scolding - fight, Elements - phenomena, Severity - meekness, Court - covetousness, Court - truth, Court - order, Fate - patience - hope, Superstition - signs, Essence - appearance, Happiness - good luck, account.
Mystery - curiosity, Patience - hope, Silence - noise - cries, Decay - vanity, Tolk - stupidity, Trade, Tovarist - stinginess, Cowardice - flight.
Murder is death, Pleasure is a service, Mind is stupidity, Moderation is greed, Perseverance, Condition is a deceit, Service is a refusal, Teaching is a science.
Good - bad.
King, Color - suit.
Man, Man - signs, Honor - honor, Miracle - marvel - tricky.
Panache.
Dal Porudominsky Vladimir Ilyich
"PROVERBS OF THE RUSSIAN PEOPLE"
"PROVERBS OF THE RUSSIAN PEOPLE"
“The collection of proverbs is a set of folk, experienced wisdom, the color of a healthy mind, the worldly truth of the people,” Dahl writes; to collect and study proverbs means to make "some kind of code and conclusion, a general conclusion about the spiritual and moral characteristics of the people, about their everyday relations." In the creativity of the people, Dahl is attracted not only by creativity (“the gift of creation”), but more by the creator, who has this gift: people.
Collected proverbs before. As early as the end of the seventeenth century, a set of "Tales or Proverbs of the Most Popular People" was compiled, for they are "greatly needed and useful and well known by all." In the Far East, Professor Ivan Mikhailovich Snegirev served this cause a lot and stubbornly. Snegirev had accumulated about ten thousand proverbs, he also saw in them a reflection historical events, public and family life, but believed that proverbs were created in a chosen, "higher" circle, while the people only accepted and spread wise sayings, revealing in them "good nature, mercy, patience akin to Russian." Metropolitan Eugene, one of the then spiritual rulers, called Snegirev's book "a course of national morality"; the lord of the world, sovereign Nikolai Pavlovich, granted the author a diamond ring. Snegirev is a serious scientist, but he did not study proverbs in order to know and understand his people, he believed that he knew the people and understood them, and, based on this, he collected (selected!) Proverbs. Snegirev collections are called "Russians in their proverbs" and (later) "Russian folk proverbs" - headings essentially different from Dalev: "Proverbs of the Russian people."
Snegirev (whatever his views) - a scientist, for him proverbs common among the people, tested and sharpened for centuries; there were people trying distribute proverbs among the people. Ridiculous, however, in its own way and significant: an attempt to plant a proverb among the people is a recognition of its strength and effectiveness.
Catherine the Second (who didn’t really know Russian either) with the help of secretaries composed “maxims” like “Mercy is the keeper of the sovereign” or “Where love is not hypocritical, there is true hope.” Already under Dal, at the end of the forties, some anecdotal Kovanko, through minister Uvarov, presented the tsar with an absurd collection “An old proverb will never break, or an experimental foundation of folk wisdom in two parts”, in which “the presentation is one great thought of the spirit of the people” - love for the sovereign; it is impossible to call the author’s inventions proverbs: “A dog barks at the lord, so that they say: ah, Moska, know that she is strong, if she barks at an elephant” (the highest order was to release the book in a second edition).
We don’t want to belittle the scientific merits of Snegirev (by the way, highly valued by Dalem), but in his look - “They took off her royal-priestly vestments from the proverb and dressed her in the rags of a commoner and mixed her into the crowd of mob” - and in attempts “from above” to introduce a proverb to the people is something latently common; it, this general, fundamentally contradicts Dalev's belief that proverbs were created by the people and exist only among the people: “Recognizing the proverb and saying as a walking coin, it is obvious that one must follow them where they go; and I held this conviction for decades, writing down everything that I managed to intercept on the fly in an oral conversation ”(” walking on them, ”according to the proverb, - it’s said the same as“ picking mushrooms ”, - already in this shade a way is revealed Daleva gathering!).
No, Dal did not neglect the works of his predecessors; in Naputny, for his collection, he commemorates both Snegirev and Knyazhevich, who published in 1822 “ complete collection Russian proverbs and sayings, "and other guardians in a common field with him, even remembers the old piit Ippolit Bogdanovich with his attempts to turn the proverb into "confectionery wisdom" ("No matter how much you feed the wolf, he always looks into the forest" Bogdanovich turned into: " A fed wolf will not be a dog - feed him, and he looks at the forest"), remembers Krylov and Griboedov, since he "included in his collection" those sayings that he had to "hear in the form of proverbs", but his main source of work is not printed collections, and the “living Russian language”, “in which he walked” to the place where this language lived untouched, undistorted, - to the people themselves.
“In the collection of Knyazhevich (1822) there are only 5300 (with dozens) proverbs; I. M. Snegirev added to them up to 4000; of all this number, I have eliminated altogether or not accepted in the form in which they are printed, up to 3500; in general, from books or print, I have taken hardly more than 6,000, or about fifth my collection. The rest are taken from private notes and collected by ear, in an oral conversation. Dahl's collection contains more than thirty thousand proverbs, to be exact - 30,130.
Proverbs in Dahl's work are often contradictory: people sometimes think differently about one subject: "It is wise that the body is naked, and the hair grows - it is wiser than that." The people believed in the king: “Without a king, the earth is a widow,” but still, “The sovereign is a father, and the earth is a mother,” and then an experience hint: “It’s high to the sky, it’s far from the king,” “To the king because of the tyna not to be seen." The people believed in God: “Whatever God pleases is suitable”, but still “God hears, but will not say soon”, and experience-hint: “Trust in God, but don’t make a mistake yourself!” The people believed in the truth: “Whoever keeps the truth, God will reward him”, but still “Every Paul has his own truth”, and the experience is a hint: “Telling the truth is not to please anyone”, “Truth in bast shoes; and falsehood, even if in curves, but in boots. Dahl explained: “The blasphemy itself, if it were found somewhere in folk sayings, should not frighten us: we collect and read proverbs not only for fun and not as moral instructions, but for study and search, therefore we want to know everything that is.
Dahl's work, contrary to the name, is not just proverbs; the subtitle explains: "Collection of proverbs, sayings, sayings, proverbs, tongue-twisters, jokes, riddles, beliefs, etc." In Naputny, Dal interprets: the proverb is “a short parable”, “judgment, sentence, teaching, expressed in a blunt way and put into circulation, under the stamp of the people”; proverb - “roundabout expression, figurative speech, simple allegory, bluff, way of expression, but without a parable, without judgment, conclusion, application; this is one first half of the proverb "(" A proverb is a flower, and a proverb is a berry "), etc. But we, without finally leaving the conversation about the composition hurry to construction his labor.
The few and non-voluminous collections of Dalev's predecessors were usually built "according to the alphabetical order." There were, however, rare exceptions: a well-known scientist of the East, for example, arranged a small handwritten collection of proverbs he had in the order of “objective”, choosing from the innumerable wealth of said treasures those that revealed human “virtues”. The list of "virtues" itself is unusually characteristic: caution, prudence, thrift, moderation, good manners; how I must have wanted to see all this among the people, and how it did not fit into the “virtues” pre-written in Vostokov’s notebook, what the people thought, felt and minted into sayings! ..
The novelty of the construction of Dalev’s work is not that the “objective order” of the arrangement of proverbs never occurred to anyone before, but that Dahl did not select proverbs for certain concepts, but went the other way around: he divided the collected thousands according to content and meaning. Not always successful (sometimes a proverb can be attributed not to one - to several categories, sometimes one proverb is found in several categories), but these are trifles, costs, Dahl achieved the main thing: “ folk life in general, both material and moral,” is revealed in his work.
Dahl was aware of the possible costs: “The method of distribution I have adopted allows for an infinite variety in execution ... Depending on the completeness or breadth, particularity and generality of the interpretation of a proverb, you can move it from one category to another as much as you like and still argue that it is out of place.” But, Dahl chuckled, “any clerk can cut them and arrange them in alphabetical order” and thereby deliver a funny game to an educated society: “guess proverbs from memory and ask if they are in the collection.” Dal was aware of the costs and foresaw the reproaches, but he was firmly and unshakably convinced of his rightness, he was convinced that he was not mistaken in the main thing: “Usually these collections are published in alphabetical order, according to the initial letter of the proverb. This is the most desperate way, invented because there is nothing more to grab onto. Sayings are strung without any meaning and connection, according to one random and, moreover, often changeable appearance. It is impossible to read such a book: our mind is crushed and tired on the first page by the variegation and incoherence of each line; it is impossible to find what is needed; it is impossible to see what the people say about this or that side of everyday life; it is impossible to draw any conclusion, a general conclusion about the spiritual and moral characteristics of the people, about their everyday relations, expressed in proverbs and sayings; related to the same case, homogeneous, inseparable in meaning, proverbs are far apart, and the most heterogeneous are placed in a row ... "
Here is a simple example (insignificant even if you look at Dalev’s innumerable reserves), but “The poor have two pennies - a lot of good”: let’s write out Dahl’s a dozen proverbs and sayings in order to better understand the structure of labor. Here they are, in alphabetical order first:
B - "Wealth with money, need with fun"
B - “The wine is dissolved in two: for fun and for a hangover”
G - "Where the law is, there is resentment"
D - “The arc is gilded, the harness is belted, and the horse is unfed”
E - “I went to make money, but I had to live my own”
F - "Life - getting up and howling"
K - "Whoever writes the laws breaks them"
M - “The husband drinks - half the house is on fire, the wife drinks - the whole house is on fire”
N - “Covered by the sky, fenced by the field”
O - “One glass for health, another for fun, the third for nonsense”
P - “I valued it, didn’t gain anything, but sold it cheap and turned it around twice”
R - "Rabish is not a fool, and gold is not a sage"
C - "Your own corner - your own space"
T - “Torg - pit: stand straight; beware, don't fall in, if you fall, you'll be lost"
Ch - “What are the laws to me, if the judges were familiar”
Each saying is apt in its own way, clever, but all together they still do not say anything - they are disunited: just a dozen and a half folk sayings written out in a row. But here are the same proverbs and sayings as they are in Dahl - in content and meaning:
Prosperity - squalor
"Life - getting up and howling"
"Wealth with money, wealth with fun"
"Sackcloth is not a fool, and gold is not a sage"
Yard - house - household
"Your corner - your space"
"Covered by the sky, fenced by the field"
“The arc is gilded, the harness is belted, and the horse is unfed”
Law
"Where there is law, there is resentment"
"He who writes the laws breaks them"
“What are the laws to me, if the judges were familiar”
Trade
“He went up in price, didn’t gain anything, but sold cheap and turned back twice.”
“I went to make money, but I had to live my own”
“Torg is a pit: stand straight; beware, don't fall in, if you fall, you'll be lost"
Drunkenness
"The wine is dissolved in two: for fun and for a hangover"
“The husband drinks - half the house is on fire, the wife drinks - the whole house is on fire”
"One glass for health, another for fun, the third for nonsense"
We admit: it is not by chance that we wrote out examples from these sections of the Dalev collection - we remember that Dahl, using hundreds of proverbs, revealed family life in Rus' to the figures of the Geographical Society; judging by one of his letters, he also intended, based on proverbs, to show “what exactly the people say” about poverty, about the house, about laws, about trade, about drunkenness. Reading two or three hundred proverbs in a row on one topic, you can comprehend the opinion of the people, through the thickness of well-aimed and cheerful words to see the golden sand at the bottom, the wisdom that has settled down for centuries.
“No trial, no reprisals against the proverb” - Dal did not try, it never occurred to him not only to smooth the proverb, but - what could be easier! - hide: in his work, he gave the people what he owned, without looking back and without concealment. The work came out from under his pen, unsmoothed, unkempt - red fiery whirlwinds sticking out, catching the eye, as if teasing, sayings like: “The tsar strokes, and the boyars scratch”, “Butt and thief - everything is just right”, “Lord forgive me, in someone else's Let the crate go, help to warm up and carry out”, “A master for a gentleman, a peasant for a peasant”, “Praise the rye in a haystack, and the master in a coffin.” This was placed in his collection by the same Dahl, who called for the release of the peasants moderately and accurately; the same one who advised to beware of the words "freedom", "will" - they supposedly inflame hearts, and in the collection of his proverbs: "There is a share in everything, but the will is in nothing", "The will is great, but the prison is strong", and here same: “Involuntarily, the horse tears the tug, if it can’t take it”, “Tolerates the mash for a long time, but if it goes over the edge, you won’t stop it.”
People whose well-aimed and wise word became a proverb, the Russian peasants, believed in God and sometimes no less than in God, believed in the hope of the sovereign, for centuries obeyed the bars and patiently endured oppression and lawlessness. But these same people, the unknown creators of proverbs, were convinced every day that God is not merciful to everyone and that the hope for justice rarely comes true - “There is good, but not everyone is equal”; patience was exhausted - “Wait like an ox butt!”, Braga went over the edge - “As long as we are human beings, happiness has not disappeared”; villages, volosts, provinces rose up, they swore allegiance to Stenka and Pugach, the estates of the lords burned, and the cities surrendered to the peasant army; the shemyak officials trembled in fear (“The clerk is a breed of dog; the clerk is a passable people”), and the priest robbed (“The priest’s belly is sewn from seven sheepskins”) hid in his pantry between pot-bellied bags; new proverbs were born.
Cautious Dal was ready to keep a hundred stories under wraps - let them “rot”, if only to sleep peacefully, but he did not want to throw out a hundred proverbs from his collection, although he foresaw: “My collection ... could become unsafe for me” - and that’s not wrong. Dal didn’t want to throw out a single proverb - it’s a matter of opinion, conviction: Dal didn’t invent people with the help of proverbs, but showed how people are revealed in proverbs, different, often contradictory. The distance here is close in view to Dobrolyubov, who also saw in proverbs "material for characterizing the people." It is curious: from the same inexhaustible source, from the Dalev meeting, Leo Tolstoy drew supplies for the speeches of his favorite, the humble and pacified "non-doer" Platon Karataev, and the participants in the revolutionary circle, who chose from the "Proverbs of the Russian people" the most seditious, "blasphemous "and made up of them agitation (according to Dahl -" incendiary ") rayek.
Dal felt and understood this inexhaustibility - everyone in the collection will find his own. “There are five foods in a radish: radish trikha, radish slice, radish with butter, radish with kvass, and radish so,” the people are inexhaustible, and that is why the sharp radish-proverb is so different in “nature”. In Naputny, Dahl wrote: “To interpret a witticism or a hint that the reader himself understands is vulgar and cloying ... The readers themselves, no matter how few they are found, are also not the same, everyone can have their own requirements - not the sun, at all you won't piss off."
Dal did not piss off everyone: a long, almost ten-year history of the publication of Proverbs of the Russian People begins.
“Will it be, will it not be when this collection will be printed, with which the collector cherished his age, but, parting with it, as if with a finished business, I don’t want to leave it without a parting word” - with such lines Dahl opens the preface to his work and adds : “This introduction was written in 1853, when the disassembly of proverbs was completed; let it remain even now, when the fate of the collection has been decided and it has been published.” Probably, it was no coincidence that Dahl wanted to “leave even now” (and thus forever) the sad anxiety - “whether it will be, will it be when”: a hard, unequal struggle for the result of thirty-five years of life and work to see the light, to remain for people , you can’t throw your life out of your past - and it worked out well, but your whole heart burns ...
The Academy of Sciences, where Dal's work ended up, instructed two of its members to express a judgment about it - Academician Vostokov and Archpriest Kochetov.
Vostokov’s review is not too detailed and not hostile, although not entirely benevolent: along with fair remarks about erroneous interpretations of individual proverbs (Dal listened to Vostokov’s opinion), displeasure due to the presence of proverbs on religious themes- "Is it decent? ..". On the whole: "The collector should review and carefully process his work, which, of course, contains a lot of good things." The dispassionate academician was not too lazy to note the translated proverbs - and from what language, he indicated, wrote out the proverbs of literary origin - and named the author ...
Punctualist!
Whether it’s an archpriest-academician, you can’t say “impassionate” about this - how much ardor, enthusiasm; you can’t say “critic” about this, “ill-wisher” is an enemy! .. The archpriest was scientist man, participated in the compilation of the academic "Dictionary of the Church Slavonic and Russian Language", published the first experience in Russian of the "science of moral theology"; but one can know and love one's own language in different ways, value the nuggets of the people's mind and words in different ways, and also have different opinions about the morality of the people.
“In my opinion, the work of Mr. Dahl is 1) a huge work, but 2) alien to selection and order; 3) there are places in it that can offend the religious feelings of readers; 4) there are sayings that are dangerous for the morality of the people; 5) there are places that raise doubts and distrust in the accuracy of their presentation. In general, one can respond to the merits of Mr. Dahl's collection with a proverb: it contains a barrel of honey and a spoonful of tar; a sack of flour and a pinch of arsenic.
This “pinch of arsenic” made Dal especially angry: he couldn’t forget it all, and almost ten years later he wrote in Naputnoy: “We found that this collection and not safe encroaching on moral corruption. To make this truth more intelligible and to protect morals from the corruption that threatens them, a new Russian proverb was invented and written, in the report, not quite coherent, but clear in purpose: "It's a sack of flour and a pinch of arsenic."
Even the “immenseness” of labor, which, it seems, could be credited to Dahl, is a sin for the archpriest: “Through this he mixed edification with corruption, faith with superstition and unbelief, wisdom with stupidity ...”; mixed "the words of the wisdom of God with the sayings of the wisdom of man" ("this cannot but offend the religious feeling of readers"); "the sacred texts are crippled by him, or misinterpreted, or blasphemously combined with the idle talk of the people."
“Temptation comes into the world ... in bad books” ... “Not without chagrin, a pious Christian will read in the book of Mr. Dahl” ... “The places dangerous for morality and piety of the people in the book of Mr. Dahl can also be attributed” ... About the wisdom of the people, about his pious morality - the archpriest in passing, but as to business - without a hitch: "There is no doubt that all these expressions are used among the people, but the people are stupid and talk all sorts of nonsense"; Dalev's work is a "monument to the people's stupidity" (and Dal thought that it was the wisdom of the people!).
To match Kochetovsky - as they conspired (or maybe they conspired!) - the review of the "secular" censor, collegiate adviser Shidlovsky. There is no need for a collegiate adviser to play a learned man, but a vigilant man is not out of place: he, following Kochetov, repeats about “insulting religious feelings”, but most importantly, does not miss the opportunity to seize the “harmful ambiguity”. The section "Harry", and the proverb - "Every tongue praises God"; section "Law", and the proverb - "Two bears in one den do not get along." The very “neighborhood” of other sayings is inappropriate, because it can cause laughter, containing concepts that “should not be in contact”: “His hands are in debt (that is, there is a lot of power)” and then “His hands are long (that is, he is a thief)" - is it permissible? No, it’s unacceptable, it’s impossible in any way: “Proverbs and sayings against the Orthodox clergy, the treasury, power in general, service, law and judges, the nobility, soldiers (?), peasants (?) and courtyard people are not only useless (!), but, I dare say, extremely harmful "...
And here is the curious feature of the zealous “guardians”: they are given Dahl’s work for review, and they all strive both in the lines and between the lines to “discover” bad intentions, the secret intention of Dahl himself, so they are tempted to convey: “If this collection is the fruit the labors of a person who completed a course of study in one of the higher educational institutions in Russia, a person who has been in the service for many years ... ”; or: “The government is taking care to publish more edifying books capable of enlightening the people, but Mr. Dahl ...” Dahl later answered in an explanatory note: “I don’t see how a person can be charged with a crime that he collected and wrote down, as much as he could collect, various folk sayings, in any order. And meanwhile these responses respond with some kind of sentences to the criminal.
Baron Modest Andreyevich Korf, director public library(and he is also a member of the secret committee for the supervision of book printing), he reasoned in his own way: since Dalev’s goal was to “collect everything”, the collection should be printed “in its entirety”, but since this would be “completely contrary” to the “care of the government on the establishment of good morals", the collection should be printed "in the form of a manuscript ... in only a few copies" - and then "the publication of the collection can be started after the reviews of the censorship and the Ministry of Public Education", and in addition - "only with special royal permission". Korf’s most curious thought: “The collection of proverbs, in the form in which it was conceived and executed by Mr. Dahl, is a book for which one should wish not readers (!), But scholarly researchers, not the public that blindly believes in everything printed ... but such who knows how to cultivate even bad soil (!). Dahl wanted to return the treasures taken from him to all the people, and Korf suggested (as a mercy!) Keep Dahl's work for several pundits under lock and key, in the main libraries.
But Korf's scopal project was not implemented either: for a small matter - the highest permission was not followed. Emperor Nicholas, who favorably accepted crafts about the stupid Moska, who barks at the lord, and generously rewarded the “popular opinion” invented by the “guardians”, did not want to see the printed work, which the mind, soul and experience of the people revealed in the people’s word.
Funny: Korf wrote in a review that in proverbs, created by the people“many false teachings and harmful principles”, “dangerous for our people," the tsar, the baron, the archpriest tried to drive the people away from what they had come to with their thoughts and hearts for many centuries. The tsar, baron, archpriest, collegiate adviser tried to strain folk wisdom through their sieve, which, as the most great value tried to save Dal. “Geese in a harp, ducks in pipes, crows in boxes, cockroaches in drums, a goat in a gray sundress; a cow in matting is dearer than all.
The collection "Proverbs of the Russian people" was published only in the early sixties. On the title page, under the title, Dahl put: "The proverb is not judged."
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Now we are proceeding to Russian proverbs, which would also not hurt each of us to know.
Russian proverbs and sayings, as everyone knows - this is folk wisdom that came to us from life experience. And now let's see the most commonly used among them among the people, as well as their interpretations as well. For convenience, Russian proverbs and sayings are presented alphabetically.
Russian proverbs and sayings and their meaning
Appetite comes with eating.
The deeper you delve into something, the more you understand and learn about it.
A woman with a cart is easier for a mare.
About care unnecessary person, not so useful to anything.
The trouble does not go through the forest, but through people.
Misfortunes with people are the real trouble, and not with what surrounds them.
Misfortunes never come alone.
She will definitely take at least one more.
Poverty is not a vice.
It is not necessary to condemn people for poverty, because it is not their negative quality.
You can't even catch a fish from a pond without effort.
Nothing can be achieved without perseverance and effort.
Take care of the dress again, and honor from a young age.
About the norms of behavior in society, etc. And if something is lost or torn, it will not be possible to restore it.
God saves man, who save himself.
It is easier for a person who is prudent, cautious in his decisions and actions to avoid dangers, unjustified risks.
Free cheese only happens in a mousetrap.
Rarely is something free given to us without pitfalls, without a catch.
God marks the rogue.
Evil deeds and other negative qualities do not go unpunished.
Big ship - big voyage.
A person with great abilities gets great opportunities.
You will suffer for a long time - something will work out.
Really trying in a difficult matter, you can achieve at least something.
Paper will endure everything.
Paper, unlike people, will endure any lie, any mistake written on it.
Being a guest is good, but being at home is better.
Home comfort, created with your own hands or by hand loved one, cannot be replaced by any trip to visit.
IN healthy body- a healthy mind.
Keeping the body healthy, a person preserves his spiritual well-being.
Every family has its black sheep.
In any family or team there will always be a person with negative qualities.
In crowded but not mad.
A little inconvenience for everyone is better than a bigger problem for just one.
Still waters run deep.
Quiet and calm-looking people often hide a complex nature.
They don’t go to a foreign monastery with their own charter.
In a strange team, you should not behave only according to your own rules and procedures.
We see a mote in someone else's eye, but we do not notice a log in our own.
The mistakes and shortcomings of the people around you are more noticeable than your own.
Live a century, learn a century, and you will die a fool.
About the impossibility of knowing everything, even with a constant and persistent set of knowledge.
He took up the tug - do not say that it is not hefty.
Having taken up the task, bring it to the end, despite the difficulties.
The bird is visible in flight.
About people who, by their deeds, by their appearance, show others their nature.
Water wears away the stone.
Even little work, manifested long and hard, gives good results.
Crush water in a mortar - and there will be water.
About doing a stupid thing that does not bring anything useful.
Feet feed the wolf.
To earn a living, you need to move, be active, and not sit still.
To be afraid of wolves - do not go into the forest.
If you are afraid of difficulties or dangerous consequences, then you should not start any business.
All diseases are from the nerves.
Anger, resentment and indignation weaken the immune system, which leads to the formation of diseases. Avoid anything that makes you nervous. Gain patience.
Everything will grind - there will be flour.
Any problem sooner or later turns into a good result.
All is well that ends well.
If the ending is good, then there is nothing to worry about.
Everything has its time.
Everything happens at the appointed time, not earlier and not later.
Everyone goes crazy in their own way.
Each person has their own advantages and disadvantages.
Every cricket know your hearth.
Everyone should know their place and not climb into someone else's.
Any bast in a line.
Everything can be useful, everything can be used; any mistake is blamed.
Where there is anger, there is mercy.
Not everything is managed only by anger alone, with time comes pardon.
Where firewood is chopped, chips fly there.
In any business, there are always losses, costs ...
Needed where was born.
About a place of birth that should not be left forever.
Where it is thin, it breaks there.
What is strong always remains strong, and the weak link always gives a crack.
The eyes are afraid, but the hands are doing.
It's scary to take on a task until you do it.
Need for inventions is cunning.
Need, poverty of a person make him smarter and more inventive.
Mountain does not converge with mountain, but man will converge with man.
About people, in spite of the mountains, who by their nature are able to understand, to go forward.
One grave will fix a humpbacked one, but a club will fix a stubborn one.
It is hard for a person, and sometimes it is impossible to get rid of his bad habits.
Prepare the sleigh in summer and the cart in winter.
Before you start any business, you must first prepare.
They do not look at a given horse's teeth.
For any gift it is necessary to thank and rejoice in it, they say, take what they give.
Two bears do not live in the same den.
About two rivals claiming leadership. There is no place for two owners in one house.
The work of the master is afraid.
The work carried out by the master is carried out efficiently and quickly.
Business time, fun hour.
Most of the time should be spent on study and work, and only partly on entertainment.
For a sweet friend and an earring from an ear.
For good friend or a loved one is not a pity even the most valuable.
Debt good turn deserves another.
Good attitude to people will definitely return the same.
Expensive egg for Easter day.
It's always nice to get what you expect at the right time, in the right place.
Friendship is friendship, and service is service.
Friendly relations should not affect the service ones, however, as well as vice versa.
A friend in need is a friend indeed.
Only a friend will do everything possible for you for the sake of salvation in a difficult situation.
The law is not written for fools.
Only clever man succumbs to the rules, fools still have no time for them.
A bad example is contagious.
About imitating a bad example, a bad deed of another person.
To live life is not a field to cross.
Life is complicated, living it is not so easy.
If you chase two hares, you won't catch one.
It is impossible to achieve two goals at the same time, everything must be done sequentially.
You can't see the forest for the trees.
Going in cycles in trifles or on the same thing, it is impossible to see the main thing.
The Forbidden fruit is sweet.
Taking someone else's or forbidden is much more pleasant than taking your own.
Make a fool pray to God - he will hurt his forehead.
An excessively zealous person can harm the cause.
It is not worth it.
The money spent on something is not justified by the results obtained.
You can't take a word out of a song.
It is impossible to change or hide something with words without distorting reality.
If he knew where to fall, he would have spread straws.
About caution, foresight, so that there is no trouble.
Each sandpiper praises his swamp.
Every person praises the place in which he lives, and everything else is alien, unusual.
Everyone judges for himself.
As a person is himself, those around him seem the same.
As it comes around, so it will respond.
Any actions towards people around you, good or bad, eventually turn into the same.
As you call the ship, so it will sail.
What you tune in is what you get.
You won't spoil the porridge with butter.
Useful, pleasant cannot do harm, even if there is too much of it.
Fight fire with fire.
Eliminate the results of any action, therefore, by the same means that caused this action.
The end is the crown of the whole thing.
Any business is important to complete.
Finished the job - walk boldly.
After finishing work, you can relax calmly, without thinking about it.
horse about four legs- and then stumbles.
Even the most intelligent, dexterous and skillful people can sometimes make mistakes.
A penny saves a ruble.
To accumulate a lot, we must not neglect the small.
The hut is red not with corners, but with pies.
The owner of the house is valued not by wealth, but by hospitality.
Who seeks will always find.
When a person really tries to seek, he really finds.
Who gets up early, God gives him.
Whoever gets up early is not lazy, and the day is longer and the harvest is richer.
Where the needle goes, there goes the thread.
About a person dependent on someone or about a tight attachment to each other.
Strike while the iron is hot.
While the opportunity allows, it is better to act, and then later it may not be.
The hen pecks at the grain, but it happens to be full.
By doing something regularly, even if little by little, you can achieve results.
You can't break through the wall with your forehead.
It is impossible to go against the authorities.
The recumbent is not beaten.
It is not customary to finish off the injured or in trouble.
A fly in the ointment in a barrel of honey.
When everything is good, any, even a minor dirty trick can ruin everything.
Better a bitter truth than a sweet lie.
You can’t go far on a lie, unlike the truth, be it what it is.
Better to see once than hear a hundred times.
Do not believe the words, you should only look at the actions.
Better late than never.
It's better to do something at least sometime than not to do it at all.
A bird in the hand is worth two in the bush.
It is better to have something small and easily accessible than something large and difficult to achieve.
Love for all ages.
A person has the ability to fall in love at absolutely any age.
If you like to ride - love to carry sleds.
To achieve something in your life - make an effort.
The less you know the better you sleep.
The more you know, the more worries, experiences.
The world is not without good people.
There will always be generous people with a desire to help in someone else's trouble.
Young is green.
Young people, unlike adults, are not mature enough in their knowledge.
Silent means consent.
Silence - as a suggestion of an affirmative answer.
Moscow was not built in a day.
Everything complex and perfect is never given immediately, only with a set of experience.
On lack of fish and cancer - fish.
In the absence of a better one, something worse may come in handy.
Trust in God, but don't make a mistake yourself.
Don't rely solely on God to do anything. Do everything yourself, and God only supports.
Every man to his own taste.
Tastes and preferences different people may differ from each other.
You can't please everyone.
You can't please everyone no matter what you do. Even if you are an angel, someone may not like the rustle of your wings.
Enough simplicity for every sage.
No matter how wise and perspicacious a person is, he can be deceived.
On the catcher and the beast runs.
Bold, persistent, stubborn, it is easier to achieve something desired.
No, there is no judgment.
About the humble acceptance of the absence of something or the refusal of a request.
They carry water on the offended.
Man has to be able to forgive. And the offended person looks uninteresting to anyone.
Hope dies last.
Even with disappointment or complete failure, there is hope for the best.
Gruzdev called himself get in the body.
Boasted or promised to do something - do it.
You won't be forced to be nice.
No one can be forced to love against his will.
God does not burn pots.
Each person is doomed to cope with his tasks himself, and not rely only on God alone.
Do not sit in your sleigh.
Equivalent to "Mind your own business."
Not everything is Shrovetide for a cat, there is also a great post.
Life is not always a holiday. She walks in shifting lanes.
Not all that glitters is gold.
Any thing or entity, no matter how beautiful it looks, is not defined only by external signs. More important signs are internal.
Not knowing the ford, do not poke your head into the water.
Before you do something, you should know how it is done.
Do not have a hundred rubles, but have a hundred friends.
Money disappears at the first trip to the store, but friends remain forever.
It is not the place that makes the man, but the man the place.
A person in a bad position can be an excellent worker, and in a good position, vice versa.
Don't put off until tomorrow what you can do today.
While there is an opportunity, it is better to carry out the plan immediately, in order to avoid acquiring laziness and regret.
Do not spit in the well - you will need some water to drink.
Do not spoil the relationship with a person, whatever he may be. But in the future it can be very useful, and even save a life.
Not caught - not a thief, not convicted - not a gulen.
A person is not guilty of his deed until guilt is proven.
Do not dig a hole for someone else - you yourself will fall into it.
A person who does bad things to another person suffers himself, having run into the consequences of his own actions.
Don't cut the branch you're sitting on.
Do not do stupid things and evil, because you yourself can choke on the same.
The devil is not as scary as he is painted.
About an indication of the exaggeration of the significance of any negative phenomenon.
Man does not live by bread alone.
Man possesses not only material qualities, but also spiritual ones.
There is no smoke without fire.
Nothing just happens, for example, there is no gossip without reason.
There is no bad without good.
For any difficult situation you can always extract something pleasant, useful.
Burnt in milk - blowing on the water.
Having made a mistake once, in the future you become more cautious, prudent.
There is safety in numbers.
Alone, it is more difficult to withstand something, to win the fight, than with someone together.
One head is good, but two is even better.
Two people will be able to solve any problem better and faster, unlike one.
One swallow does not make spring.
The very first and only sign of a phenomenon is not yet the phenomenon itself.
From love to hate one step.
It will not be difficult to anger a person and make him hate.
No one is immune from the event.
No matter how hard you try to prevent disaster, it can still happen.
Double-edged sword.
For every desired action, there is a reaction.
The first pancake is lumpy.
Any business does not always turn out really well the first time.
Stretch your legs along the clothes.
About living within your means, income, in accordance with your capabilities.
They are greeted by clothes, escorted by mind.
A meeting with a person is valued according to external signs, and parting - according to internal, mental ones.
A guilty head and a sword does not flog.
Voluntarily admitting his guilt should not be punished seriously.
Repetition is the mother of learning.
The more you repeat, the better you know.
A rolling stone gathers no moss.
If you do nothing, nothing will come of it.
Until the thunder breaks out, the peasant will not cross himself.
A person will drag out his illness, or other problem, to the last, until it finally develops.
Trying is not torture, and demand is not a problem.
Nothing prevents at least trying to do something than not doing at all.
They don't wave their fists after a fight.
It is unacceptable to change anything when it is already too late.
Hurry up and make people laugh.
Any business should be done calmly, slowly, in order to avoid a ridiculous situation.
Forewarned is forearmed.
What you are warned about, you are ready for.
Trouble has come - open the gate.
Misfortune never comes alone. Therefore, you need to be more careful and ready for anything.
A frightened crow is afraid of a bush.
If a person is really scared, he will be afraid of everything that surrounds him.
The drunken sea is knee-deep, and the puddle is up to the ears.
A drunk person is drawn to actions that, being sober, he would never have dared to do.
Once a year and the stick shoots.
Very rarely, but still the impossible may well become possible.
One who is born to crawl cannot fly.
If a person is born a fool, then he will die a fool.
The fish is looking for where it is deeper, and the person is looking for where it is better.
About people wanting the best gadgets of their lives.
The fish goes out from the head.
If the government is bad, so will its subordinates.
Birds of a feather flock together.
Close people easily find a common language.
To live with wolves is to howl like a wolf.
When joining a community, life according to their principles is not excluded.
Out of sight, out of mind.
The principle of a person is to forget the one with whom he does not see and does not communicate.
With whom you lead, from that you will type.
With whom you communicate, make friends, from that you adopt his views, habits, and so on.
With a loved one and in a hut paradise.
With a loved one is good in any place and under any conditions.
The world did not converge like a wedge.
If everything is good on some object, you should not manage only with it.
Our people - let's count.
Close people are doomed to help each other without asking for anything in return.
It does not carry its own burden.
What you personally inherited is easier to bear, in contrast to the portability of someone else.
Your shirt is closer to your body.
Your own interests are more important than the interests of other people.
A holy place is never empty.
If a good place emptied, it is immediately occupied by someone else.
Seven do not wait for one.
They won’t wait for one latecomer when everyone has already gathered and is ready for business.
Seven times measure cut once.
Before you do something, you must first think carefully, foresee everything, in order to avoid an accident.
Lawless Heart.
About not being able to control your feelings.
No matter how much you feed a wolf, he still looks into the forest.
It is impossible to change the natural instincts and inclinations of another person.
Soon the fairy tale tells, but not soon the deed is done.
About the foreshadowing of some business, as in a fairy tale - quickly and easily, but in reality everything is more difficult.
Miser pays twice.
Unlike buying a cheap thing, and then an expensive one, due to the imminent breakdown of a cheap one, it is better to buy an expensive and high-quality thing right away for a long time.
Tears of sorrow will not help.
Do not be discouraged if you can get rid of grief. And if the problem is inevitable, shedding tears is pointless.
The word is not a sparrow, it will fly out - you will not catch it.
Once in an awkward situation, uttering a bad word, it is impossible to go back.
Word is silver, silence is gold.
To say something useful is a matter of honor, but it is better to remain silent about useless and empty chatter.
The earth is full of hearing.
A person knows secret information through rumors.
A dog is biting from the life of a dog.
An unkind, aggressive person often becomes so from the conditions of his life: from a lack of love, care from people around him, frequent misfortunes, etc.
He ate the dog and choked on his tail.
You can't do anything big without tripping over something.
There are no boundaries for perfection.
No matter how hard you try to improve things, you can always do better.
Nightingales are not fed with fables.
Talking will not feed those who want to eat. He should be offered food.
An old bird is not caught with chaff.
An experienced person is difficult to outwit, lead to a dead end.
An old friend is better than two new ones.
The old, proven, long-familiar, predictable is much more reliable, in contrast to the new, unfamiliar, not yet tested by everyday situations.
The well-fed does not understand the hungry.
The difficulty of one is incomprehensible to another until he sinks to this difficulty himself.
Patience and a little effort.
Patience and perseverance in work will overcome all obstacles.
Be patient, Cossack - you will become an ataman!
The urge to become a patient person when any difficulty is unbearable.
Three doctors are no better than one.
Similar to the proverb Too many cooks spoil the broth.
Too many cooks spoil the broth.
The more people take on one thing, the less attention is paid to it.
Fear has big eyes.
About fearful people who perceive everything small and insignificant as large and terrible.
An agreement (agreement) is more valuable than money.
A respectful contract, unlike money, can be lost forever. You must strictly adhere to its terms.
Drowning and clutching at straws.
A person in trouble is ready to do anything for the sake of salvation. Even if the method does not give special results.
The morning is wiser than the evening.
In the morning, decisions are made more effectively than in a tired evening.
Learning is light and ignorance is darkness.
Teaching is the path to knowledge, achievements, success. And ignorance is the cause of backwardness in development and lack of culture.
Well, where we do not.
Often a person underestimates where he is now, and overestimates the features of the place where he has not yet been.
Thin (bad) grass out of the field.
Harmful, something unnecessary should be disposed of so that things go faster.
Do not count your chickens before they are hatched.
One can speak about the success of any business only with its visible result.
Man is the architect of his own happiness.
For happiness, you need to do something, and not wait until it comes by itself.
Man proposes, but God disposes.
You should not be one hundred percent sure of the success of an action or enterprise that has not yet taken place.
What you boast about, without that you will remain.
A person who talks a lot about his happiness is left without it.
What the hell is not joking (while God sleeps).
Anything can happen, anything can happen.
What we have, we do not store, but when we lose it, we cry.
true value something or someone is noticed when we lose it.
What is written with a pen cannot be cut down with an axe.
What is written and known cannot be changed.
What you sow, you will reap.
The good or evil done by someone eventually returns.
To recognize a person, you need to eat a pound of salt with him.
To get to know a person well, you need to live with him for a long time, having overcome various difficulties of life with him.
Alien soul - darkness.
No matter how well we know a person, his thoughts will always be a mystery. A appearance a person is not always a reflection of his soul.
I’ll sort out someone else’s misfortune with my hands, but I won’t apply my mind to my own.
Other people's troubles seem more solvable, easier, unlike their own.
Murder will out.
The secret always becomes clear. And the lies will eventually come out.
Shchi and porridge are our food.
About the habit of eating simple food.
The apple never falls far from the tree.
What parents, the same mentality and their children.
Language will bring to Kyiv.
By asking people, you can get anywhere.
Teach your grandmother to suck eggs.
An inexperienced person can teach little to an experienced person.
