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What is the positive pathos of the gooseberry story. The problems of Chekhov's work "Gooseberry"

The work of Anton Pavlovich Chekhov is largely devoted to "case" life and little people, and many of his short stories and novels denounce society and people in vulgarity, heartlessness and philistinism.

These stories include "Gooseberry", written in 1898. It is important to note at what time this work was written - it was the period of the reign of Nicholas II, who was a follower of his father's policy and did not want to introduce the liberal reforms necessary at that time.

The story of Anton Pavlovich Chekhov "Gooseberry" was first published in the journal "Russian Thought" in 1898.

Together with the story "About Love" he continued "little trilogy", which includes the story "The Man in the Case".

The basis of the work was a story about a Petersburg official, told to the author according to different versions by the famous lawyer Anatoly Koni or Lev Nikolaevich Tolstoy. This official for a long time dreamed of an embroidered gold uniform, and when he was finally delivered, he could not put on the outfit, since no ceremonial receptions were expected in the near future. Over time, the gilding on the uniform faded, and six months later the official died. In the story "Gooseberry" Chekhov introduces readers to a similar story but the plot is different.

"Gooseberry" is written in story genre and is considered one of the best creations classical prose late XIX century. A small volume of the work is not a drawback at all, since almost every line of the story hides a considerable semantic richness.

The theme of the need to realize their dreams takes on a special shape in Gooseberry, and in the image of the main character Chekhov shows that the achievement of a goal should not be associated with means that are destructive to other people.

Plot The story is based on the story told by Ivan Ivanych about his brother Nikolai, who did everything possible and impossible to realize his old dream - to buy an estate with gooseberry bushes. To do this, he saved money all his life and even malnourished in order to save as much as possible. Then he married a rich widow and continued to starve her until she gave her soul to God. And Nikolai Ivanovich invested money in his name in the bank during the lifetime of his wife. Finally, the dream came true and the estate was purchased. But by what means?

To the main character of the story, Nikolai Ivanovich is characterized by such features as greed and pride, because for the sake of the idea of \u200b\u200bbecoming a rich landowner, he refuses to family happiness, and from a circle of friends.

Nikolai's brother Ivan Ivanovich tells this story to his landowner friend, to whom he and his friend come to visit. That's right, this story should be a warning to all the rich.

The story "Gooseberry" was written under the influence of realism in literature and is an example of the use of realistic components, plots and details.

Chekhov is inherent minimalist style. The author used the language sparingly, and even in small volumes of text he managed to put a special meaning, thanks to good expressive means. Chekhov wrote in such a way that the whole life of the heroes immediately became clear to the reader.

The composition of the work is built on the successful technique of “a story within a story”.", which is conducted on behalf of one of the heroes.

Anton Pavlovich Chekhov in the story "Gooseberry" made emphasis on the need to "do good". The author believes that every successful person should have a "man with a hammer" behind the door, who would constantly remind him of the need to do good deeds - to help widows, orphans, the destitute. After all, sooner or later, even the richest person can be in trouble.

The responsibility of the hero for the choice life philosophy
The brother of the protagonist is amazed at his spiritual limitations, he is horrified by the satiety and idleness of his brother, and his very dream and its fulfillment seem to him the highest degree selfishness and laziness.

Indeed, during his life on the estate, Nikolai Ivanovich grows old and stupefies, he is proud that he belongs to the nobility, not realizing that this estate is already dying out and is being replaced by a freer and fairer form of life, the foundations of society are gradually changing.

But most of all, the narrator himself is struck by the moment when Chimshe-Himalayan is served his first gooseberry, and he suddenly forgets about the importance of the nobility and about fashionable things that time.

In the sweetness of the gooseberry planted by him, Nikolai Ivanovich finds an illusion of happiness, he invents a reason for himself to rejoice and admire, and this amazes his brother.

Ivan Ivanovich ponders how most people prefer to deceive themselves in order to assure themselves of their own happiness. Moreover, he criticizes himself, finding in himself such disadvantages as complacency and a desire to teach others about life.

The crisis of personality and society in the story
Ivan Ivanovich reflects on the moral and moral crisis of society and the individual as a whole, he is concerned about the moral state in which modern society is.

And Chekhov himself addresses us with his words, he tells how the trap that people create for themselves torments him and asks him to do only good in the future and try to correct evil.

Ivan Ivanovich addresses his listener - the young landowner Alekhov, and Anton Pavlovich with this story and last words his hero appeals to all people.

Chekhov tried to show that in fact the goal of life is not at all an idle and deceptive feeling of happiness. With this short but subtly played story, he asks people not to forget to do good, and not for the sake of illusory happiness, but for the sake of life itself.

It can hardly be said that the author answers the question about the meaning human life- no, most likely, he is trying to convey to people that they themselves need to answer this life-affirming question - to each for himself.

retelling

The story starts with poetic description of nature, morning rain. At the same time, the voices of the narrators and the author merge in love for their native boundless expanses: “And both of them knew that this was the river bank, there were meadows, green willows, estates, and if you stand on one of the hills, you can see the same huge field from there, telegraph and a train that looks like a crawling caterpillar from a distance, and in clear weather even the city can be seen from there. Now, in calm weather, when all nature seemed meek and thoughtful, Ivan Ivanovich and Burkin were imbued with love for this field, and both thought about how great, how beautiful this country is.

Such significant place the landscape in the story is given for a reason. The earth is wide and amazing, but man, with his petty goals, empty existence, does not correspond to its greatness. Before us unfolds the "ordinary" story of the spiritual impoverishment of man. From the age of nineteen, Nikolai Ivanovich Chimsha-Gimalaysky worked as a small official, copied papers. Both brothers grew up in the wild, in the countryside. The youngest of them was distinguished by a "meek, kind" disposition. Maybe that's why he yearned for space so much. Gradually, his longing grew into a mania for buying a small estate on the banks of a river or lake. He dreamed that he would eat cabbage soup fresh air, for hours to sit by the fence and look at the field. Only in these philistine, insignificant dreams did he find the only consolation.

In his estate, the hero really wanted to plant gooseberries. He made this goal the meaning of his whole life. He didn’t eat, didn’t sleep, dressed like a beggar. He saved up and put money in the bank. It became a habit for Nikolai Ivanovich to read daily newspaper advertisements for the sale of the estate. At the cost of unheard of sacrifices and deals with conscience, he married an old, ugly widow who had money. In fact, the hero brought her to the grave, starving her to death.

The inheritance allowed Chimshe-Himalayan to buy a long-awaited estate with gooseberries. Nikolai Ivanovich did not even think about the fact that he was guilty of the death of a person. “Money, like vodka, makes a person an eccentric,” says Ivan Ivanovich. In this regard, he remembered two terrible, tragic incidents. There was a merchant in the city who ate all his money with honey, winning tickets so that no one gets them. The hawker at the station is only concerned that twenty-five rubles remain in the boot of his severed leg.

These individual cases indicate a loss of dignity. Human life has lost its significance. Selfish interests, money, greed come to the fore. This terrible disease struck the soul of Nikolai Ivanovich, turned it into stone. He bought himself a property, but it turned out to be not what he imagined in his dreams. There was no orchard, no gooseberries, no pond with ducks. On both sides of his land were two factories, "brick and bone." But Nikolai Ivanovich did not pay attention to the dirty environment. He planted twenty gooseberry bushes and lived as a landowner.

The hero solemnly named his acquisition in his honor - "Himalayan Identity". This estate made an unpleasant impression on the narrator. Everywhere ditches, fences. It was impossible to get through.
Chekhov uses precise everyday and psychological details. Ivan Ivanovich met " red dog like a pig." She was too lazy to even bark. A bare-legged "fat, bare-legged cook, also like a pig," came out of the kitchen. Finally, the master himself "has become stout, flabby, - and look at him grunting in a blanket."

Main character outlined grotesquely. He no longer resembles a human. The brother talks about his life. On the day of the name day, he served a prayer service in the village, then he gave the peasants half a bucket of vodka. That was where his blessings ended. “Ah, those terrible half-buckets!” exclaims the narrator Ivan Ivanovich. “Today, the fat landowner drags the peasants to the grass, and tomorrow, on a solemn day, he gives them half a bucket, and they drink and shout hurray, and the drunks bow at his feet.”
If before his brother did not dare to express his opinion, now he throws words to the right and left, talks about corporal punishment, education. The author is right: "A change of life for the better, satiety, idleness develop self-conceit in a Russian person, the most arrogant."

Chimsha-Himalayan began to consider himself a native nobleman, boasted of this. On top of all this greatness-insignificance, he gives a taste of the gooseberries he has grown. With the “triumph of a child,” the hero greedily ate berries and repeated: “How delicious!”. But in fact, this gooseberry was viscous, sour. It turns out that A.S. Pushkin is right: "the darkness of truths is dearer to us than the uplifting deception." The narrator comes to this conclusion. But this case is important for him not just as a moment of life, an amusing story. This is a measure of the hero's understanding of reality.

Ivan Ivanovich changes his attitude to life after meeting with his brother, makes deep generalizations: “How, in essence, there are many happy people! What an overwhelming force that is!” What is terrible is not the desire to acquire one's estate, but self-satisfaction, isolation in this estate. While his brother is enjoying his immense happiness, there is “impossible poverty, darkness, degeneration, drunkenness, hypocrisy, lies… Meanwhile, in all houses and on the streets there is silence, calm; out of fifty thousand living in the city, not one who would cry out, loudly indignant.

People are accustomed to complete lack of rights and indifference: "We do not see and do not hear those who suffer, and what is scary in life happens somewhere behind the scenes." According to Chekhov, one person cannot be happy alone in the midst of common troubles and sufferings, on three arshins of land: “A person needs not three arshins of land, not a manor, but the whole globe, all nature, where in the open he could show all the properties and features of his free spirit.
"You can't live like this!"- Ivan Ivanovich comes to such an important result. This idea is supported by the author. He recounts his brother's experience, hoping to convince his listeners that "silence" is dangerous. A thinking person is unworthy of calmness, satisfaction with egoistic happiness, non-interference in the course of public life. Ivan Ivanovich seeks to arouse anxiety and a thirst for justice in his listeners. “How long can you look at a huge moat?” - Ivan Ivanovich asks the listeners. It's time to change your life, think not only about the present, but also about the future.

The author surrounds the hero's story with various descriptions of wide space and boring, uncomfortable everyday life, a description of a comfortable hotel in Alekhine's estate. Threads stretch from these contrasts to the disharmony of the whole modern life, man's attraction to the beautiful and his narrow idea of freedom and happiness: "Don't calm down, don't let yourself be put to sleep!.. Do good." These words could be made the main motto of any worthy person.

Have you read Chekhov's "Gooseberry"? The plot is like this. Veterinarian Ivan Ivanovich talks about his brother, Nikolai. He served all his life in some kind of office. But all the time he dreamed of becoming a landowner - to buy a manor, run a household, eat from his garden, drink tea in the evenings and admire nature. He saved up for this dream, denied himself everything. He even married not for love - to a widow who had money. Soon she went to another world, her money also went to the realization of the dream of Nikolai Ivanovich. There was a small detail in this dream, which gave the name to Chekhov's work. In the estate, gooseberry bushes were bound to grow and bear fruit. And now the dream has come true. True, not quite - there was no pond with fish, but Nikolai himself planted gooseberries. He was sour and hard. But Nikolai himself enjoyed - both the estate and the gooseberries, he is happy. This is the texture of the work. And the meaning...
And the meaning is in the following words of brother Nikolai, Ivan:

I saw a happy man, whose cherished dream came true, who was satisfied with his fate. But a heavy feeling came over me. Look at this life: idleness of the strong, ignorance of the weak, all around poverty, overcrowding, degeneration, drunkenness, hypocrisy. Meanwhile, in all the houses and on the streets, there is silence and calmness. They eat during the day, sleep at night, talk nonsense, get married, grow old, drag their dead to the cemetery, but we do not see or hear those who suffer, what is terrible in life happens somewhere behind the scenes. Everything is quiet, calm, only statistics protests: so many went crazy, so many buckets were drunk, so many children died from malnutrition. The happy feel good because the unfortunate bear their burden in silence. This is general hypnosis. It is necessary that behind the door of every contented, happy person someone with a hammer would stand and constantly remind by knocking that there are unfortunate people, that no matter how happy he is, sooner or later life will show him its claws, trouble will strike - illness, poverty, loss, and no one will see or hear him, just as now he himself does not see or hear others. But there is no man with a hammer.

It became clear to me, - Ivan Ivanovich continues, - that I am also satisfied and happy. I also taught how to live, how to believe, how to govern the people. I also said that learning is light, that education is necessary, but for ordinary people one letter is enough for the time being. Freedom is a blessing, I said, it is impossible without it, as without air, but we must wait. Yes, I said so, and now I ask: in the name of what to wait? I am told that not everything happens all at once, every idea is realized in life gradually, in due time. You are referring to the natural order of things, but is there any order and legality in the fact that I, a living, thinking person, stand over a moat and wait for it to overgrow itself or fill it with silt, while perhaps I could jump over it or build a bridge over it? And again, in the name of what to wait? Wait when there is no strength to live, but meanwhile you need to live and want to live!

I'm afraid to look at the windows, - says Ivan, - because for me now there is no more difficult sight than a happy family sitting around the table and drinking tea. I am already old and not fit to fight, I am not even capable of hating. I only grieve sincerely, get irritated, annoyed, at night my head burns from the influx of thoughts, and I cannot sleep. Ah, if only I were young! Do not calm down, do not let yourself be lulled! While you are young, strong, cheerful, do not get tired of doing good! If there is meaning and purpose in life, then they are not at all in our happiness, but in something more reasonable and great ==.

Such a recipe for happiness from Dr. Chekhov - do good (abstract), the meaning of life is in the reasonable and great, and also abstract, away with some gooseberries and real dreams.

Any thoughts on this recipe?

The end of the 19th century in the history of Russia was marked by a period of stagnation, as the new emperor Nicholas 2 made it clear to liberal-minded circles that he would continue the policy begun by his father. This meant that reforms could be forgotten.

The works of the writer A.P. Chekhov, already quite famous at that time, became a response to the relations that had developed in the socio-political sphere. So he tried to reach thinking people capable of interfering with the current course of events. This also applies to the trilogy published in 1898, which included the small-scale works "The Man in the Case", "On Love" and "Gooseberry".

Chekhov's story (it was his favorite genre) is an attempt at short form characterize the phenomena that took place in society and pay attention to human vices and inherently false ideas about the meaning of life.

The history of writing the work "Gooseberry"

Once the writer was told about a St. Petersburg official who kept dreaming of a uniform embroidered with gold. When he finally got him, it turned out that there was nowhere to go in a new outfit: no ceremonial receptions were foreseen in the near future. As a result, the uniform could not be put on: the gilding on it faded over time, the official himself died six months later. This story served as the basis for creating the story, only the dream of a petty official becomes a gooseberry. Chekhov's story draws the reader's attention to how petty and meaningless a person's life can become in the pursuit of selfish happiness.

Composition and plot of the work

"Gooseberry" is built on the principle of "story within a story." The story about the protagonist is preceded by an exposition containing a description of nature - rich, generous, majestic. The landscape emphasizes the spiritual impoverishment of a petty official, which will be discussed further. Then the reader sees characters familiar from the first part of the trilogy: the workaholic landowner Alekhin, the teacher Burkin and the veterinarian Ivan Ivanych. And then the theme of the “case” life comes to mind - Chekhov outlined it in the first story. "Gooseberry" - its content is rather uncomplicated - develops it, showing how destructive a habitual existence can be.

The main character, N. I. Chimsha-Gimalaysky, is introduced to his interlocutors and readers by his brother, Ivan Ivanovich. He also gives an assessment of what happens to a person who lives only for the sake of satisfying his own desires.

Nikolai Ivanovich grew up in a village where everything seemed to him beautiful and amazing. Once in the city, he did not stop thinking about how he would certainly acquire an estate and live a quiet life there (which Ivan Ivanovich never approved of). Soon, a passionate desire to grow on his estate was added to his dream - this is emphasized by A.P. Chekhov - gooseberries. Chimsha-Himalaisky relentlessly pursued his goal: he regularly looked through newspapers with advertisements for the sale of estates, more and more limited himself in everything and saved money in the bank, then married - without love - an aged but wealthy widow. Finally, he had the opportunity to buy a small estate: dirty, unfurnished, but his own. True, there were no gooseberries, but he immediately planted several bushes. And he lived a quiet life, happy and content with himself.

Degradation of the main character

The analysis of Chekhov's "Gooseberry" is an attempt to understand why Nikolai Ivanovich's soul gradually, in parallel with achieving the goal, became stale. He was not at all tormented by remorse for the death of his wife - he practically starved her to death. The hero lived a closed, useless life and was very proud of his noble rank - for example, he was very offended when the peasants, turning to him, missed "your honor." Showing his lordly grace, once a year, on his name day, he ordered "to take out half a bucket" and was sure that it must certainly have been so. He did not notice that everything around was running, the dog looked more like a pig. Yes, and Chimsha-Himalayan himself became stout, flabby, aged and, it seems, lost his human appearance.

Here it is - the desired berry

The analysis of Chekhov's "Gooseberry" is a reflection on how a person, through self-deception, tries to attach special significance to what is actually empty.

Ivan Ivanovich, who visited his brother and found him in such an unattractive state, was extremely saddened. He could not believe that a person in his egoistic striving could reach such a state. It became especially unpleasant for him when Nikolai Ivanovich was brought a plate with the first harvest. Chimsha-Himalayan took one berry and ate it with pleasure, despite the fact that it was "hard and sour." His happiness was so great that he could not sleep at night and kept coming to the coveted plate. An analysis of Chekhov's "Gooseberry" is also a lot of disappointing conclusions, the main of which: Nikolai Ivanovich forgot about his own dignity, and the estate and the long-awaited berry became for him that "case" with which he fenced himself off from the problems and worries of the outside world.

What does a person need for a happy life?

The meeting with his brother made Ivan Ivanych take a fresh look at how he lives and the people around him. And also to admit that he sometimes had similar desires that ruined the soul. It is on this that A.P. Chekhov focuses his attention.
The gooseberry in his story takes on a new meaning - it becomes a symbol of a limited existence. And while one enjoys happiness, many people around him suffer and die in poverty and heartlessness. Ivan Ivanovich, and the author along with him, sees salvation from universal spiritual death in a certain force, which in right time will, like a hammer, remind a happy person that not everything is so beautiful in the world and at any moment there may come a moment when help is needed. But there will be no one to give it to and you will have only yourself to blame. To such not very cheerful, but quite important thoughts brings readers A.P. Chekhov.

"Gooseberry": heroes and their attitude to the world

The analyzed story is one with the other two included in the trilogy. And they are united not only by Alekhin, Burkin and Ivan Ivanovich, who alternately act as storytellers and listeners. The main thing is different - the subject of the image in the works is power, property and the family, namely, they hold the whole socio-political life of the country. The heroes of the works, unfortunately, are not yet ready enough to completely change their lives, to get away from the "case". Nevertheless, the analysis of Chekhov's "Gooseberry" makes progressive people, like Ivan Ivanovich, think about what is worth living for.

The story "Gooseberry" by Chekhov: a summary. Analysis of the story "Gooseberries" by Chekhov

In this article we will introduce you to Chekhov's Gooseberry. Anton Pavlovich, as you probably already know, is a Russian writer and playwright. The years of his life are 1860-1904. We will describe the brief content of this story, its analysis will be carried out. "Gooseberries" Chekhov wrote in 1898, that is, already in late period of your creativity.

Burkin and Ivan Ivanovich Chimsha-Himalayan are walking across the field. The village of Mironositskoye can be seen in the distance. Suddenly it starts to rain, and so they decide to go to Pavel Konstantinych Alekhin, a landowner friend whose estate is located in the village of Sofyino, nearby. Alekhine is described as a tall man of about 40, stout, looking more like an artist or a professor than a landowner, with long hair. He meets travelers at the barn. The face of this man is black with dust, his clothes are dirty. He is glad to unexpected guests, invites those to go to the bath. Having changed and washed, Burkin, Ivan Ivanovich Chimsha-Gimalaysky and Alekhin go to the house where Ivan Ivanovich tells the story of Nikolai Ivanovich, his brother, over tea with jam.

Ivan Ivanovich begins his story

The brothers spent their childhood on the estate of their father, in the wild. Their parent himself was from the cantonists, but left the hereditary nobility to the children, having served the rank of officer. After his death, the estate was sued from the family for debts. From the age of nineteen, Nikolai sat behind papers in the state chamber, but terribly missed there and dreamed of acquiring a small estate. Ivan Ivanovich, on the other hand, never sympathized with the desire of his relative to lock himself up in the estate for the rest of his life. And Nikolai could not think of anything else, all the while imagining big estate, where gooseberries were bound to grow.

Nikolai Ivanovich makes his dream come true

Ivan Ivanych's brother saved up money, was malnourished, and in the end married not out of love to a rich, ugly widow. He kept his wife from hand to mouth, and put her money in his name in the bank. The wife could not bear this life and died soon, and Nikolai, without repenting at all, acquired the coveted estate, planted 20 gooseberry bushes and lived for his own pleasure as a landowner.

Ivan Ivanovich visits his brother

We continue to describe the story that Chekhov created - "Gooseberry". Summary further events are as follows. When Ivan Ivanovich came to visit Nikolai, he was amazed at how much his brother had sunk, flabby and aged. The master turned into a real tyrant, ate a lot, constantly sued the factories and spoke in the tone of a minister. Nikolai regaled Ivan Ivanovich with gooseberries, and it was clear from him that he was as pleased with his fate as he was with himself.

Ivan Ivanovich reflects on happiness and the meaning of life

Next further developments gives us the story "Gooseberry" (Chekhov). Brother Nikolai, at the sight of his relative, was seized by a feeling close to despair. He thought, after spending the night in the estate, about how many people in the world go crazy, suffer, drink, how many children die from malnutrition. And others, meanwhile, live happily, sleep at night, eat during the day, talk nonsense. It occurred to Ivan Ivanych that behind the door of a happy person there must certainly be someone "with a hammer" and knocking to remind him that there are unfortunate people on earth, that someday disaster will happen to him, and no one will hear or see him, just like now he does not hear or notice others.

Finishing the story, Ivan Ivanovich says that there is no happiness, and if there is a meaning in life, then it is not in it, but in doing good on earth.

How did Alekhin and Burkin perceive the story?

Neither Alekhin nor Burkin are satisfied with this story. Alekhin does not delve into whether the words of Ivan Ivanovich are true, since it was not about hay, not about cereals, but about something that has no direct relation to his life. However, he is very glad to the guests and wants them to continue the conversation. But the time is already late, the guests and the owner go to bed.

"Gooseberry" in the work of Chekhov

To a large extent, the work of Anton Pavlovich is devoted to "little people" and the life of a case. The story that Chekhov created, "Gooseberry", does not tell about love. In it, as in many other works of this author, people and society are denounced as philistinism, soullessness and vulgarity.

In 1898, the story "Gooseberries" by Chekhov was born. It should be noted that the time when the work was created was the period of the reign of Nicholas II, who continued the policy of his father, not wanting to implement the liberal reforms necessary at that time.

Characteristics of Nikolai Ivanovich

Chekhov describes to us Chimsha-Gimalaysky, an official who serves in one chamber and dreams of having his own estate. The cherished desire of this person is to become a landowner.

Chekhov emphasizes how far behind his time this character is, because in the time described, people were no longer chasing a meaningless title, many nobles dreamed of becoming capitalists, it was considered fashionable, advanced.

The hero of Anton Pavlovich marries favorably, after which he takes the money he needs from his wife and finally acquires the desired estate. Another dream of his is fulfilled by the hero, planting gooseberries in the estate. Meanwhile, his wife is dying of hunger.

Chekhov's "Gooseberry" is built using a "story within a story" - a special literary device. We learn the story of the described landowner from the lips of his brother. However, Ivan Ivanovich's eyes are the eyes of the author himself; in this way he shows the reader his attitude towards people like Chimsha-Himalayan.

Attitude to the brother of Ivan Ivanovich

The brother of the protagonist of the story "Gooseberry" by Chekhov is amazed at the spiritual scarcity of Nikolai Ivanovich, he is horrified by the idleness and satiety of his relative, and the dream as such and its fulfillment seem to this person the pinnacle of laziness and selfishness.

During the time spent in the estate, Nikolai Ivanovich grows stupefied and ages, he is proud of his belonging to the nobility, without realizing that this class is already dying off, and a more just and free form of life is coming to replace it, social principles are gradually changing.

However, the narrator is most struck by the moment when Nikolai Ivanovich is served the first harvest of gooseberries. Immediately he forgets about the fashionable things of the time and the importance of the nobility. This landowner, in the sweetness of gooseberries, acquires the illusion of happiness, he finds a reason to admire and rejoice, and this circumstance amazes Ivan Ivanovich, who thinks that people prefer to deceive themselves in order to believe in their well-being. At the same time, he criticizes himself, finding such shortcomings as a desire to teach and complacency.

Ivan Ivanovich thinks about the moral and ethical crisis of the individual and society, he is worried about the moral state of his contemporary society.

Chekhov's thought

Ivan Ivanovich talks about how he is tormented by the trap that people create for themselves, and asks him to do only good in the future and try to eradicate evil. But in fact, Chekhov himself speaks through his character. A person (“Gooseberry” is addressed to each of us!) Should understand that the goal in life is good deeds, and not a feeling of happiness. According to the author, everyone who has achieved success should have a “man with a hammer” behind the door, reminding him that it is necessary to do good - to help orphans, widows, the destitute. After all, one day trouble can happen even with the wealthiest person.

Analysis of Chekhov's story Gooseberry composition Grade 10

The protagonist of N. I. Chimsha-Himalayan story "Gooseberry" is a petty official who grew up in the countryside, but moved to the city. He has the brightest memories of his childhood, so buying his own estate becomes his goal in life. Especially important for him is the presence of gooseberry bushes next to the future home. He makes many sacrifices, infringes on himself in small things, marries a wealthy widow without love. As a result, he acquires the estate in a dilapidated state. He plants gooseberries to next year with pleasure there are sour berries, not noticing that they are not tasty at all.

The story shows the degradation of one person who forgot about everything on his way to the goal. At the beginning, the dream itself looks romantic and touching: a man wants to find happiness in own house enjoying gooseberries on the terrace. However, the methods and methods that the hero uses to achieve his goal make him forget about elementary humanity, conscience, sympathy for his neighbor. For the sake of an unsightly estate, he actually kills his wife.

Is any goal worth such sacrifices? During the time that Nikolai Ivanovich spent in pursuit of his dream, he grew old, flabby, became an insensitive, unscrupulous man who did not notice the general desolation of the estate, forgetting about the death of his wife. The brother, seeing him in such a state, is upset that he has turned into such a miserable person. For the protagonist, his dream becomes a "cocoon", a "case", in which he fences himself off from the whole world. In his small world, the most important thing is the satisfaction of personal, selfish needs.

The story teaches, first of all, not to forget about humanity, to evaluate one's actions not only from the side of one's own benefit. Also, do not forget that the purpose of life is not in material wealth. Nikolai Ivanovich, tasting sour and hard berries, does not notice their taste. For him, the external manifestation of his achievements is important, and not the internal, spiritual filling from the path traveled.

The amazing and unique Anton Pavlovich Chekhov is famous for his unsurpassed stories that touch to the depths of the soul. deep meaning the work “Gooseberry” is not deprived, where the writer decided to raise an important problem in modern world: the problem of understanding happiness.

The thought that prompted Anton Pavlovich to write the story is interesting case, told to the writer by one person. Chekhov was told about the official that all his life he dreamed of a chic uniform, as soon as he acquired it, there was nothing to wish for. And there was nowhere to go in clothes, since no one arranged ceremonial receptions. As a result, the suit lay until the gilding on it faded over time. So, such a story prompted the writer to create unusual work, in which it makes the reader think about how meaningless happiness is, especially the pursuit of it.

What is the peculiarity of this work? It is a story within a story. Chekhov introduces us to a character who is far from the concepts of the meaning of life. Nikolay Ivanovich - a common person, which does not require particularly high desires, only the only thing that interests him: gooseberries. The character has been looking through a lot of newspapers about where to find a good homestead to grow gooseberries. He even married not for love, because the money that Nikolai Ivanovich received for the marriage was such a decent amount that it was possible to fulfill his intentions of a comfortable estate. In the garden, he longs to sprout this beautiful creation.

Such activities became the meaning of his life. The hero completely surrendered to his favorite pastime. On the one hand, this is wonderful: to devote yourself to an exciting business, to go into it with your head. But on the other hand: it is very sad to realize what your hobbies lead to, because paying attention to hobbies, moving away from people, you abstract from the world around you. And such an appeal to life does not lead to anything positive, because, like a hero, leaving with thoughts in his low goal, after achieving it, you no longer strive for something worthwhile.

Nikolai Ivanovich, considering that the gooseberry was his main achievement, was so happy and glad for it that he did not set any further goals. Very tragic. So it is in our life: we often have false ideas about happiness, about true sense life. And this must be corrected by reading Chekhov's stories and analyzing them!

Thus, Chekhov showed the degradation of the character to the readers. It was evident how in the process of achieving the intended goal, the soul of Nikolai Ivanovich was stale. He was so indifferent surrounding life that he lived in solitude, closed off, spending his time uselessly. Looking at the spiritual fall of the hero, it is worth drawing the right conclusions! Happiness must be sublime! Nobody should be complacent!

Analysis of Chekhov's story Gooseberry

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"Gooseberry", Chekhov. Summary. Analysis

The story "Gooseberry" by Chekhov was created in July 1898 in Melikhovo and published in the same year by the Russian Thought publishing house. This work is part of a trilogy of short stories: "The Man in the Case", "About Love" and "Gooseberries". In the essay on the topic “Gooseberry” (Chekhov): a summary, we will talk about a person who has subordinated himself to the material component of life. He dreamed of owning a manor in which he would grow his favorite gooseberries.

Chekhov trilogy. "Gooseberry"

The plot of the story begins with the fact that two friends are walking across the field, far from which the village of Mironositskoye can be seen. Suddenly the sky frowned, and suddenly it began to rain. Then they decided to visit their friend Pavel Konstantinovich, a poor gentleman Alekhine, whose house was located very close, in the village of Sofyino. Alekhine turned out to be a man in his forties, tall, well-fed and with long hair. He did not look like a landowner, but more like an artist. He was glad to see the guests, invited them to wash and change. After that, the host and the guests went to drink tea with jam. At the table, Ivan Ivanovich began to tell a story about his brother Nikolai Ivanovich.

Dream of a lifetime

And here Chekhov reveals the plot of the work "Gooseberry" very temptingly. The summary further tells that, as children, they lived on the estate of their father, a Kantist, who received an officer rank and left the title of hereditary nobility to the children. When their father died, the estate was sold for debts. From the age of nineteen, Nikolai, working in the state chamber, only dreamed of his own small estate, where gooseberry bushes were bound to grow. He couldn't think of anything else.

Nikolai began to frantically save money, was malnourished and did not allow himself anything extra. He married an ugly rich widow, whose money he put in the bank, while he himself kept starving. Of course, she could not endure such a life and soon died. And Nikolay, without any hesitation and without repentance, soon bought himself the coveted estate and planted gooseberries. Yes, he lived as a landowner.

Brother's arrival

But this was not the end of the plot of the work "Gooseberries" by Chekhov. The summary continues with the fact that one day his brother Ivan Ivanovich came to him, who saw that Nikolai Ivanovich had grown old and became obese. He constantly sued and said in phrases of the minister something like the fact that education is necessary for the people, but only it is premature. Brother Nikolai treated Ivan to gooseberries, and it was clear from him that he was satisfied with life. Ivan Ivanovich himself was seized with discontent and even despair. That night he did not sleep and kept thinking about how many unhappy people who drink too much, go crazy, their children die of malnutrition. And how many others who live “happily”: sleep, eat, say all sorts of empty speeches, get married, grow old, and complacently bury their dead. He came to the conclusion that behind the door of each such “happy person” there should be a little man with a hammer, who with his knock will remind them that there are unhappy people, and that sooner or later trouble will happen to those who are well now, and then no one will hear or see them.

This is how Chekhov sums up his work "Gooseberries". The summary of the plot ends, like the story itself, with the fact that Ivan Ivanovich, summing up his story, says that life cannot be happy without good deeds. But neither Alekhine nor Burkin went into the very essence of the story, because they were not particularly interested in it, because it was not about something vital. And all this, as they believed, had nothing to do with their lives. However, Alekhine was still glad to communicate with the guests. But the time was already late, and everyone had to go to bed.

Chekhov, "Gooseberry": analysis of creative ideas

It should be noted that it turned out to be a very original and clever work with a very good thoughts, which was adequately appreciated by the critic Nemirovich-Danchenko.

For a long time Chekhov wrote Gooseberries. The analysis of the plot took him a lot of time. He had many ideas for writing, and they were all different in plot, but the same in meaning. At first he wanted to write about a man who had a dream to save up for a house, but he is stingy and does not even marry, but then by the age of 60 he still acquires the coveted estate and plants gooseberries, but then, as soon as the gooseberries are ripe, he is diagnosed with stomach cancer .

The second story, conceived by him: one official wanted to buy a new ceremonial uniform with gold embroideries, and also saved on everything, in the end he sewed it, but he somehow failed to put it on for a reception or a ball. As a result, the uniform was put away in the closet, and in the fall it turned out that naphthalene made the gold dull and unsightly. As a result, six months later, the official died, he was buried just in this uniform.

On this you can finish the essay on the topic "Gooseberry". Chekhov (the idea of this story was thought up just fine) makes you think about very important things that are very useful for educating the morality of any person.

Analysis of the story by A.P. Chekhov "Gooseberry"

Analysis of the story by A.P. Chekhov "Gooseberry"

And in the story "Gooseberry" Chekhov "truthfully draws life" of this era. Applying the method of story within a story, the author tells about the landowner Chimshe-Himalayan. While serving in the chamber, Chimsha-Himalayan dreams of his estate, in which he will live as a landowner. Thus, he comes into conflict with time, since by the end of the 19th century the times of the landowners had already passed. Now unfortunate merchants seek to obtain title of nobility, but on the contrary, the nobles are trying to become capitalists.

Thus, Chimsha-Himalayan, contrary to common sense, is trying with all his might to enter the dying estate. He marries profitably, takes his wife's money for himself, keeps her starving, from which she dies. Having saved money, the official buys the estate and becomes a landowner. On the estate, he plants gooseberries - his old dream.

During his life in the Chimsha-Gimalayan estate, he “aged, flabby” and became a “real” landowner. He spoke of himself as a nobleman, although the nobility as an estate had already become obsolete. In a conversation with his brother, Chimsha-Himalayan says smart things, but he says them only in order to show his awareness of the topical issues of the time.

But at the moment when he was served his first gooseberry, he forgot about the nobility and the fashionable things of the time and completely indulged in the happiness of eating this gooseberry. A brother, seeing his brother's happiness, understands that happiness is not the most "reasonable and great", but something else. He thinks and does not understand what prevents a happy person from seeing an unhappy one. Why is the unfortunate not indignant? The landowner Chimsha-Himalayan created the illusion of gooseberry sweetness. He deceives himself for his own happiness. Likewise, a large part of society has created an illusion for itself by hiding behind Clever words from action. All their reasoning does not encourage action. They motivate it by the fact that it is not yet time. But you can't put it off indefinitely. Need to do it! To do good. And not for the sake of happiness, but for the sake of life itself, for the sake of activity.

The composition of this story is built on the reception of a story within a story. And besides the landowner Chimshi-Himalayan, his brother, a veterinarian, teacher Burkin and landowner Alekhin, work in it. The first two are busy vigorous activity by profession. The landowner, according to Chekhov's description, does not look like a landowner. He also works and his clothes are covered in dust and dirt. And the doctor appeals to him with an appeal "not to put yourself to sleep" and "to do good."

In his story, A.P. Chekhov says that happiness is not the goal of life. But, as a writer of the late XIX - early XX century, he does not specifically answer the question: what is the purpose of life, offering the reader to answer it.

Analysis of the story by A.P. Chekhov "Gooseberry"

The story "Gooseberry" is included in the "small trilogy" by A.P. Chekhov, which is dedicated to "case people". Each of the heroes - Belikov, Nikolai Ivanovich Chimshi-Gimalaysky, Alekhin - has his own case. They are closed to them from the contradictions of the world around them.

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"Gooseberry", analysis of Chekhov's story, composition

The story of Anton Pavlovich Chekhov "Gooseberry" was first published in the journal "Russian Thought" in 1898. Together with the story "About Love", he continued the "little trilogy". The basis of the work was the story of a St. Petersburg official, told to the author according to different versions by the famous lawyer Anatoly Koni or Leo Tolstoy. This official dreamed for a long time of an embroidered golden uniform, and when he was finally delivered, he could not put on the outfit, since no ceremonial receptions were expected in the near future. Over time, the gilding on the uniform faded, and six months later the official died. In the story "Gooseberry" Chekhov introduces readers to a similar story, but the plot of the work is different.

"Gooseberry" is written in the genre of a story and is considered one of the best creations of classical prose of the late 19th century. The small volume of the work is not at all a disadvantage, since almost every line of the story hides a considerable semantic richness. The theme of the need to realize one's dreams takes on a special shape in Gooseberry, and in the image of the main character Chekhov shows that the achievement of a goal should not be associated with means that are detrimental to other people.

The plot of the story is based on the story told by Ivan Ivanovich about his brother Nikolai, who did everything possible and impossible in order to realize his old dream - to buy an estate with gooseberry bushes. To do this, he saved money all his life and even malnourished in order to save as much as possible. Then he married a rich widow and continued to starve her until she gave her soul to God. And Nikolai Ivanovich invested money in his name in the bank during the lifetime of his wife. Finally, the dream came true and the estate was purchased. But by what means?

To the main character of the story, Nikolai Ivanovich is characterized by such traits as greed and pride, because for the sake of the idea of \u200b\u200bbecoming a rich landowner, he refuses both family happiness and a circle of friends.

Nikolai's brother Ivan Ivanovich tells this story to his landowner friend, to whom he and his friend come to visit. That's right, this story should be a warning to all the rich.

The story "Gooseberry" was written under the influence of realism in literature and is an example of the use of realistic components, plots and details.

Chekhov is inherent minimalism in style. The author used the language sparingly, and even in small volumes of text he managed to put a special meaning, thanks to good expressive means. Chekhov wrote in such a way that the whole life of the heroes immediately became clear to the reader.

Composition The work is built on the successful technique of "story within a story", which is conducted on behalf of one of the characters.

Anton Pavlovich Chekhov in the story "Gooseberries" emphasized the need to "do good". The author believes that every successful person should have a "man with a hammer" behind the door, who would constantly remind him of the need to do good deeds - to help widows, orphans, the destitute. After all, sooner or later, even the richest person can be in trouble.

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Presentation on the topic: » A.P. Chekhov Gooseberry. The story "Gooseberries", which is part of the "little trilogy", was written in July 1898, immediately after "The Man in the Case". There are several entries." - Transcript:

3 The story "The Gooseberry", which is part of the "little trilogy", was written in July 1898, immediately after "The Man in the Case". There are several entries for this story in the writer's diary. Dream: get married, buy an estate, sleep in the sun, drink on green grass, eat his cabbage soup. It's been 25, 40, 45 years. He has already refused marriage, he dreams of an estate. Finally 60. Reads promising, tempting announcements about hundreds, tithes, groves, rivers, ponds, mills. Resignation. Buys a small estate on the pond through a commission agent. He walks around his garden and feels that something is missing. He stops at the thought that there is a lack of gooseberries, sends them to the nursery.

4 After 23 years, when he has stomach cancer and death approaches, he is served his gooseberries on a plate. He looked indifferent." And another: "The gooseberries were sour: How stupid, the official said and died." The following entry is also related to this story, in which they see one of the main thoughts of the work: “Someone with a hammer should stand behind the door of a happy person, constantly knock and remind that there are unfortunate people and that after a short happiness, misfortune will certainly come.”

6 What is the story "Gooseberry" about? Chekhov tells about Chimshe-Himalayan, who serves in the ward and dreams of his own estate more than anything else. His cherished desire- become a landowner. The author emphasizes how much his character is behind the times, because in that era they no longer pursued a meaningless title, and many nobles tried to become capitalists in order to keep up with the times. desired estate. And performs another cherished dream, on the estate he plants gooseberries. And his wife is dying, because in his pursuit of money, Chimsha-Himalayan starved her. In the story "Gooseberry" Chekhov uses a skillful literary technique - a story in a story, we learn the story of Nikolai Ivanovich Chimshe-Himalayan from his brother. And the eyes of the narrator Ivan Ivanovich are the eyes of Chekhov himself, in this way he shows the reader his attitude towards people like the newly minted landowner.

7 Money, like vodka, makes a person weird. A merchant was dying in our city. Before his death, he ordered a plate of honey to be served to him and ate all his money and winning tickets along with honey so that no one would get it. (Ivan Ivanovich) My brother began to look out for his estate. Of course, look out for at least five years, but in the end you will make a mistake and buy something completely different from what you dreamed about. (Ivan Ivanovich) A change of life for the better, satiety, idleness, develop self-conceit in a Russian person, the most arrogant. Do not calm down, do not let yourself be lulled! While you are young, strong, cheerful, do not get tired of doing good! Happiness does not and should not exist, and if there is a meaning and purpose in life, then this meaning and purpose is not at all in our happiness, but in something more reasonable and greater. Do good! (Ivan Ivanovich) It is necessary that someone with a hammer stands behind the door of every happy, happy person and constantly reminds by knocking that there are unfortunate people, that, no matter how happy he is, sooner or later life will show him its claws, trouble will strike - illness, poverty, loss, and no one will see or hear him, just as now he does not see or hear others. Do not calm down, do not let yourself be lulled! While you are young, strong, cheerful, do not get tired of doing good! Happiness does not and should not exist, and if there is a meaning and purpose in life, then this meaning and purpose is not at all in our happiness, but in something more reasonable and greater. Do good! (Ivan Ivanovich)

8 The Hero's Responsibility for Choosing a Philosophy of Life The brother of the protagonist is amazed at his spiritual limitations, he is horrified by his brother's satiety and idleness, and his dream itself and its fulfillment seem to him the highest degree of selfishness and laziness. Indeed, during his life on the estate, Nikolai Ivanovich grows old and stupefies, he is proud that he belongs to the nobility, not realizing that this estate is already dying out and is being replaced by a freer and fairer form of life, the foundations of society are gradually changing. But most of all, the narrator himself is struck by the moment when Chimshe-Himalayan is served his first gooseberry, and he suddenly forgets about the importance of the nobility and the fashionable things of that time. In the sweetness of the gooseberry planted by him, Nikolai Ivanovich finds an illusion of happiness, he invents a reason for himself to rejoice and admire, and this amazes his brother. Ivan Ivanovich ponders how most people prefer to deceive themselves in order to assure themselves of their own happiness. Moreover, he criticizes himself, finding in himself such disadvantages as complacency and a desire to teach others about life. The crisis of the individual and society in the story Ivan Ivanovich reflects on the moral and moral crisis of society and the individual as a whole, he is concerned about the moral state in which modern society is. And Chekhov himself addresses us with his words, he tells how the trap that people create for themselves torments him and asks him to do only good in the future and try to correct evil. Ivan Ivanovich addresses his listener - the young landowner Alekhov, and Anton Pavlovich addresses all people with this story and the last words of his hero. Chekhov tried to show that in fact the goal of life is not at all an idle and deceptive feeling of happiness. With this short but subtly played story, he asks people not to forget to do good, and not for the sake of illusory happiness, but for the sake of life itself. It can hardly be said that the author answers the question about the meaning of human life - no, most likely, he is trying to convey to people that they themselves need to answer this life-affirming question - to each for himself.

9 What is the conflict of A.P. Chekhov's story "Gooseberry"? It seems to me that the writer chose the gooseberry - this sour, unsightly berry in appearance and taste - for the personification of the hero's dream is not accidental. The gooseberry emphasizes Chekhov's attitude to the dream of Nikolai Ivanovich and, more broadly, to the tendency of thinking people to escape from life, to hide from it. Such a "case" existence, the writer shows, leads, firstly, to the degradation of the personality. Such a "case" existence, the writer shows, leads, firstly, to the degradation of the personality.

10 Ideological and artistic analysis of the work Ideological and artistic analysis of the work In his estate, the hero really wanted to plant gooseberries. He made this goal the meaning of his whole life. He didn’t eat, didn’t sleep, dressed like a beggar. He saved up and put money in the bank. It became a habit for Nikolai Ivanovich to read daily newspaper advertisements for the sale of the estate. At the cost of unheard of sacrifices and deals with conscience, he married an old, ugly widow who had money.

Composition based on the story Gooseberry Chekhov's reasoning

In his story "Gooseberry" A.P. Chekhov, in the person of one person, Nikolai Ivanovich, describes the life of the philistine philistine stratum of the population.

This work raises the question of the degradation of the personality of a person who, in order to achieve his base goal, goes to all sorts of tricks, not paying attention to the needs and desires of the people around him.

The goal of Nikolai Ivanovich's life was to have his own estate, and that there must be gooseberries there. The goal is as petty and useless as Nikolai Ivanovich himself. When he served in the office, he was just a gray mouse, afraid of everyone and everything.

But finally, he achieved his goal, he acquired, the gooseberry planted the estate. But at what cost was this goal achieved! He became callous and soulless, he lived from hand to mouth, dressed like a beggar, his wife died from such a life, and he himself turned into an old, decrepit ruin.

And yet it became a happiness for Nikolai Ivanovich. Having become the owner of the estate, he became arrogant and important, began to teach others about life, not realizing that his whole life had already passed by, in the hardships and hardships that he had arranged for himself. Yes, he achieved his goal, but what is that goal? Life is over for him.

So all the townsfolk live in their small little world, fenced off from all problems and worries with thick walls and closed doors.

Chekhov dreams that a man with a hammer would stand behind each such door and knock on these doors from time to time. In order to keep such feelings as kindness and compassion, love and pity for one's neighbor from falling asleep. So that the souls of people do not turn into callous and soulless.

Anton Pavlovich Chekhov calls for not wasting on trifles, to live when you want to live, and that the purpose and meaning of life be more sublime and not stop there, but go further and further, go to even higher goals and along with grow spiritually with it. He calls to do good while you are young and full of energy and capable of many things to improve your life.

“Striving forward is the goal of life,” said Maxim Gorky.

Composition Gooseberry Chekhov

Anton Pavlovich Chekhov's story "The Gooseberry" is part of a trilogy that also includes the stories "About Love" and "The Man in the Case". The stories are interconnected through the heroes of the work, who tell each other stories from own life. Three people, among whom there is a veterinarian, a landowner and a gymnasium teacher. They share their own reflections, wanting to understand what happiness is and how to achieve it.

The story "Gooseberry" is dedicated to the brother of Ivan Ivanovich, whose name is Nikolai Ivanovich Chimsha-Gimalayan. This person has a goal - to buy himself a small plot (thereby obtaining the status of a landowner), plant gooseberry bushes and live the rest of the days for his own pleasure. Under the words "pleasure" and "happiness" Nikolai Ivanovich understands - eat cabbage soup, lie in the sun and look into the distance. But the main component of happiness for him is still gooseberries grown in his own garden.

In the story, the negative attitude of the author to such a life is instantly felt. Chekhov shows how such a life leads to the disintegration of personality. Even outwardly Chimsha-Himalayan changed: he got fatter, began to move slowly. The nose, cheeks and his lips stretched forward, which the author emphasizes the resemblance to a pig.

But worst of all is its internal restructuring. Chimsha-Himalayan became self-confident, even arrogant. On any subject, he has his own point of view and imposes it on other people. Anton Pavlovich, not without irony, emphasizes the protagonist's concern for the soul, which consisted in the "lordly", solid treatment of peasants from all diseases with soda and castor oil. On the day of his own name day, Nikolai Ivanovich invited the priest to serve a thanksgiving service, and then put half a bucket to the peasants, thinking that he was doing a good deed.

On this "exploits" of the protagonist ended. This man, following from the story, was pleased with himself and it was clear that he would end his life in complete contentment.

Chekhov protested all his life against this way of life. A person who closes himself from the world is a traitor. First of all, he betrays himself, that God's image and likeness, which is given to him from birth. This man does not know how to love, ruins his youth and the life of that unfortunate woman whom he married, only in the hope of obtaining some wealth. After starving her to death, he finally buys an estate and grows gooseberries.

Anton Pavlovich Chekhov finally asks: is there any meaning to life in such a petty, insignificant existence?

Picture for the essay Reasoning based on the story Chekhov's Gooseberry

“Analysis of the story by A.P. Chekhov "Gooseberry"

Analysis of the story by A.P. Chekhov "Gooseberry" The story "Gooseberry" was written by A.P. Chekhov in 1898. These were the years of the reign of Nicholas II. Coming to power in In 1894, the new emperor made it clear that the liberals could not hope for reforms, that he would continue the political course of his father, who was his only authority. And in the story "Gooseberry" Chekhov "truthfully draws life" of this era.

Applying the method of story within a story, the author tells about the landowner Chimshe-Himalayan. While serving in the chamber, Chimsha-Himalayan dreams of his estate, in which he will live as a landowner. Thus, he comes into conflict with time, since by the end of the 19th century the times of the landowners had already passed. Now it is no longer successful merchants who seek to obtain a title of nobility, but, on the contrary, nobles are trying to become capitalists. Thus,

Chimsha-Himalayan, contrary to common sense, is struggling to enter the dying estate. He marries profitably, takes his wife's money for himself, keeps her starving, from which she dies. Having saved money, the official buys the estate and becomes a landowner. On the estate, he plants gooseberries - his old dream. During his life in the Chimsha-Gimalayan estate, he “aged, flabby” and became a “real” landowner.

He spoke of himself as a nobleman, although the nobility as an estate had already become obsolete. In a conversation with his brother, Chimsha-Himalayan says smart things, but he says them only in order to show his awareness of the topical issues of the time. But at the moment when he was served his first gooseberry, he forgot about the nobility and the fashionable things of the time and completely indulged in the happiness of eating this gooseberry.

A brother, seeing his brother's happiness, understands that happiness is not the most "reasonable and great", but something else. He thinks and does not understand what prevents a happy person from seeing an unhappy one. Why is the unfortunate not indignant? The landowner Chimsha-Himalayan created the illusion of gooseberry sweetness. He deceives himself for his own happiness. Also, a large part of society has created an illusion for itself, hiding behind smart words from actions. All their reasoning does not encourage action.

Presentation on the topic: A.P. Chekhov “Gooseberry”

What is the story "Gooseberry" about? Chekhov tells about Chimshe-Himalayan, who serves in the ward and dreams of his own estate more than anything else. His cherished desire is to become a landowner. The author emphasizes how far his character is behind the times, because in that era they no longer pursued a meaningless title, and many noblemen tried to become capitalists in order to keep up with the times. Chekhov's hero is profitable to marry, takes the money he needs from wife and finally acquires the desired estate. And he fulfills one more of his cherished dreams, he plants gooseberries on the estate. And his wife is dying, because in his pursuit of money, Chimsha-Gimalayan starved her. In the story "Gooseberry" Chekhov uses a skillful literary device - a story in a story, we learn the story of Nikolai Ivanovich Chimsha-Gimalayan from his brother. And the eyes of the narrator Ivan Ivanovich are the eyes of Chekhov himself, in this way he shows the reader his attitude towards people like the newly minted landowner.

Quotes from the work “Gooseberries Money, like vodka, makes a person an eccentric. A merchant was dying in our town. Before his death, he ordered a plate of honey to be served to him and ate all his money and winning tickets along with honey so that no one would get it. (Ivan Ivanovich) My brother began to look out for his estate. Of course, look out for at least five years, but in the end you will make a mistake and buy something completely different from what you dreamed about. (Ivan Ivanovich) A change of life for the better, satiety, idleness, develop self-conceit in a Russian person, the most impudent. Do not calm down, do not let yourself be put to sleep! While you are young, strong, cheerful, do not get tired of doing good! Happiness does not and should not exist, and if there is a meaning and purpose in life, then this meaning and purpose is not at all in our happiness, but in something more reasonable and greater. Do good! (Ivan Ivanovich) It is necessary that someone with a hammer stands behind the door of every happy, happy person and constantly reminds by knocking that there are unfortunate people, that, no matter how happy he is, sooner or later life will show him its claws, trouble will strike - illness, poverty, loss, and no one will see or hear him, just as now he does not see or hear others. Do not calm down, do not let yourself be put to sleep! While you are young, strong, cheerful, do not get tired of doing good! Happiness does not and should not exist, and if there is a meaning and purpose in life, then this meaning and purpose is not at all in our happiness, but in something more reasonable and greater. Do good! (Ivan Ivanovich)

The hero's responsibility for choosing a philosophy of life The brother of the protagonist is amazed at his spiritual limitations, he is horrified by the satiety and idleness of his brother, and his dream itself and its fulfillment seem to him the highest degree of selfishness and laziness. who belongs to the nobility, not realizing that this class is already dying out and is being replaced by a freer and fairer form of life, the foundations of society are gradually changing. , and he suddenly forgets about the importance of the nobility and about the fashionable things of that time. In the sweetness of the gooseberry planted by him, Nikolai Ivanovich finds an illusion of happiness, he invents a reason for himself to rejoice and admire, and this amazes his brother. Ivan Ivanovich thinks about how the majority people prefer to deceive themselves in order to assure themselves of their own happiness. Moreover, he also criticizes himself, finding in himself such disadvantages as complacency and a desire to teach others about life. The crisis of personality and society in the story Ivan Ivanovich reflects on the moral and moral crisis of society and personality as a whole, he is worried about the moral state in which the modern society. And with his words Chekhov himself addresses us, he tells how the trap that people create for themselves torments him and asks him to do only good in the future and try to correct evil. Ivan Ivanovich addresses his listener, the young landowner Alekhov, and With this story and the last words of his hero, Anton Pavlovich addresses all people. Chekhov tried to show that in fact the goal of life is not at all an idle and deceptive feeling of happiness. With this short but subtly played story, he asks people not to forget to do good, and not for the sake of illusory happiness, but for the sake of life itself. It can hardly be said that the author answers the question about the meaning of human life - no, most likely, he is trying to convey to people that they themselves need to answer this life-affirming question - to each for himself.

What is the conflict of A.P. Chekhov's story "Gooseberry"? It seems to me that the writer chose the gooseberry - this sour, unsightly berry in appearance and taste - for the personification of the hero's dream is not accidental. The gooseberry emphasizes Chekhov's attitude to the dream of Nikolai Ivanovich and, more broadly, to the tendency of thinking people to escape from life, to hide from it. Such a "case" existence, the writer shows, leads, firstly, to the degradation of the personality.

Ideological and artistic analysis of the work In his estate, the hero really wanted to plant gooseberries. He made this goal the meaning of his whole life. He didn’t eat, didn’t sleep, dressed like a beggar. He saved up and put money in the bank. It became a habit for Nikolai Ivanovich to read daily newspaper advertisements for the sale of the estate. At the cost of unheard of sacrifices and deals with conscience, he married an old, ugly widow who had money.

Themes, plots and problems of A.P. Chekhov's stories

Anton Pavlovich Chekhov was a wonderful master short story and an outstanding playwright. He was called "an intelligent native of the people." He was not shy about his origin and always said that “peasant blood flows” in him. Chekhov lived in an era when, after the assassination of Tsar Alexander II by the Narodnaya Volya, persecution of literature began. This period of Russian history, which lasted until the mid-90s, was called "twilight and gloomy."

In literary works, Chekhov, as a doctor by profession, valued reliability and accuracy. He believed that literature should be closely connected with life. His stories are realistic, and although they are simple at first glance, they have a deep philosophical meaning.

Until 1880, Chekhov was considered a humorist, on the pages of his literary works the writer struggled with the "vulgarity of a vulgar person", with its corrupting influence on the souls of people and Russian life in general. The main themes of his stories were the problem of personality degradation and philosophical theme the meaning of life.

By the 1890s, Chekhov was becoming a writer of European renown. He creates such stories as "Ionych", "The Jumper", "Ward No. 6", "The Man in the Case", "Gooseberries", "The Lady with the Dog", the plays "Uncle Vanya", "The Seagull" and many others.

In the story "The Man in the Case" Chekhov protests against the spiritual

savagery, philistinism and philistinism. He raises the question of the ratio of education and the general level of culture in one person, opposes narrowness and stupidity. Many Russian writers raised the issue of the inadmissibility of working at school with the children of people with low moral qualities and mental abilities.

The image of the teacher Greek Belikov is given by the writer in a grotesque, exaggerated manner. This person is not evolving. Chekhov argues that the lack of spiritual development, ideals entails the death of the individual. Belikov has long been a spiritual dead man, he strives only for a dead form, he is annoyed and angry by living manifestations human mind and feelings. If it were his will, he would put all living things in a case. Belikov, writes Chekhov, “was remarkable in that he always, even in very good weather, went out in galoshes and with an umbrella, and certainly in a warm coat with wadding. And he would have an umbrella in a case, and a watch in a case made of gray suede ... ". Favorite Expression the hero of “No matter what happens” vividly characterizes him.

Everything new is hostile to Belikov. He always spoke with praise of the past, but the new frightened him. He plugged his ears with cotton wool, wore dark glasses, a sweatshirt, and was protected by several layers of clothing from outside world which he feared the most. It is symbolic that in the gymnasium Belikov teaches a dead language, where nothing will ever change. Like all narrow-minded people, the hero is pathologically suspicious, he clearly enjoys intimidating students and their parents. Everyone in the city is afraid of him. The death of Belikov becomes a worthy finale of the “case existence”. The coffin is the case in which he “lay, almost happy.” Belikov's name has become a household name, it denotes a person's desire to hide from life. So Chekhov ridiculed the behavior of the timid intelligentsia of the 90s.

The story “Ionych” is another example of “case life”. The hero of this story is Dmitry Ionovich Startsev, a young doctor who came to work in a zemstvo hospital. He works, "having no free time." His soul aspires to high ideals. Startsev meets the inhabitants of the city and sees that they lead a vulgar, sleepy, soulless existence. The townsfolk are all “gamblers, alcoholics, wheezing”, they annoy him with “their conversations, views on life and even their appearance”. It is impossible to talk to them about politics or science. The doctor comes across a complete misunderstanding. In response, the townsfolk "invent such a philosophy, stupid and evil, that it remains only to wave your hand and move away."

Startsev meets the Turkin family, “the most educated and talented in the city,” and falls in love with their daughter Ekaterina Ivanovna, who is affectionately called Kotik in the family. Life young doctor filled with meaning, but it turned out that in his life it was “the only joy and ... the last.” The cat, seeing the doctor's interest in her, jokingly appoints him a date at night in the cemetery. Startsev comes and, having waited in vain for the girl, returns home, irritated and tired. The next day, he confesses his love to Kitty and is refused. From that moment on, Startsev's decisive actions ceased. He feels relieved: “the heart has ceased to beat restlessly”, his life has entered its usual course. When Kotik left to enter the conservatory, he suffered for three days.

By the age of 35, Startsev turned into Ionych. He was no longer annoyed by the local inhabitants, he became their own for them. He plays cards with them and does not feel any desire to develop spiritually. He completely forgets about his love, sinks, grows fat, in the evenings indulges in his favorite pastime - counts the money received from the sick. Having returned to the town, Kotik does not recognize the former Startsev. He fenced himself off from the whole world and does not want to know anything about it.

Chekhov created a new type of story, in which he raised topics important for the present. With his work, the writer instilled in society an aversion to "a sleepy, half-dead life."

Questions and answers to A.P. Chekhov's story “The Man in the Case” What is the focus of Chekhov's attention - a curious incident that happened to an eccentric, or life in its ugly manifestations? Justify the answer. Chekhov, using the example of the life of a teacher of ancient languages, Belikov, depicts life in its ugly manifestations - the lack of spiritual freedom, emancipation, general fear, “whatever happens”, denunciation and fear of free thought. Read More >.

The theme of vulgarity and immutability of life In the story "The Man in the Case" Chekhov protests against spiritual savagery, philistinism and narrow-mindedness. He raises the question of the ratio of education and the general level of culture in one person, opposes narrowness and stupidity, a stupefying fear of superiors. Chekhov's story "The Man in the Case" in the 90s became the pinnacle of the writer's satire. In the country where Read More >.

Summary “The Man in the Case” Chekhov wrote the story “The Man in the Case” in 1898. The work is the first story in the "Little Trilogy" of the writer - a cycle that also included the stories "Gooseberry" and "About Love". In "The Man in the Case" Chekhov tells about the teacher of dead languages, Belikov, who spent his whole life trying to imprison him in a "case". The author rethinks the image of the “little man” in a new way. Read More >.

Summary Man in a case A.P. Chekhov A.P. Chekhov Man in a case End of the 19th century. Countryside in Russia. The village of Mironositskoye. The veterinary doctor Ivan Ivanovich Chimsha-Gimalaysky and the teacher of the gymnasium Burkin, having hunted all day, settle down for the night in the headman's barn. Burkin tells Ivan Ivanych the story of the Greek teacher Belikov, with whom they taught at the same gymnasium. Belikov Read More >.

The problem of human personality in the works of A. P. Chekhov In Russian literature, there were many writers who explored in their works the problem of the formation of human personality. She has always been of particular interest to Russian writers. One of these writers, who devoted most of his works to the problem of human personality, was Anton Pavlovich Chekhov. This outstanding person always wanted to see people as simple, sincere, kind; whole life.Read More >.

Why are the Belikovs dangerous? Warm weather. Clear joyful, though not sunny day. Strange personality in a dark warm coat on wadding, in dark glasses, in galoshes, with an umbrella in a case, sits down on a cab and orders to raise the top. The surprised driver tries to ask something again, but suddenly realizes that it is useless to ask questions: his passenger's ears are stuffed with cotton wool. Read More >.

Big Topics short stories by A.P. Chekhov I turned to the topic, dedicated to creativity Chekhov, as he is one of my favorite classical writers. Chekhov's personality strikes with a combination of spiritual lightness, intelligence, nobility with willpower, courage. main role in the writer's life, in the formation of his worldview, persistent, systematic work played, which filled his whole life. Anton Pavlovich Chekhov came Read More >.

The degradation of Dmitry Startsev based on Chekhov's story "Ionych" In Russian literature, writers quite often touched on topics that were relevant for any era. Such problems raised by the classics as the concept of good and evil, the search for the meaning of life, the influence of the environment on a person's personality, and others have always been at the center of attention of Russian literature. Chekhov most clearly showed the process of changing the human Read More >.

The theme of the spiritual rebirth of man in the stories of A.P. Chekhov. The Image of Dr. Startsev in A. P. Chekhov's "Ionych" In Russian literature, writers quite often touched on topics that were relevant for any era. Such problems raised by the classics as the concept of good and evil, the search for the meaning of life, the influence of the environment on a person's personality, and others have always been at the center of attention of Russian literature. Chekhov most clearly showed the process of changing the human Read More >.

HOW DOCTOR STARTSEV BECAME IONYCH (according to A.P. Chekhov's story “Ionych”) In Russian literature, writers often touched on topics that were relevant for any era. Such problems raised by the classics as the concept of good and evil, the search for the meaning of life, the influence of the environment on a person's personality, and others have always been at the center of attention of Russian literature. Chekhov most clearly showed Read More >.

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The story "Gooseberries", which is part of the "little trilogy", was written in July 1898, immediately after "The Man in the Case". There are several entries for this story in the writer's diary. Dream: get married, buy an estate, sleep in the sun, drink on green grass, eat his cabbage soup. It's been 25, 40, 45 years. He has already refused marriage, he dreams of an estate. Finally 60. Reads promising, tempting announcements about hundreds, tithes, groves, rivers, ponds, mills. Resignation. Buys a small estate on the pond through a commission agent. He walks around his garden and feels that something is missing. He stops at the thought that there is a lack of gooseberries, sends them to the nursery.

After 2-3 years, when he has stomach cancer and death approaches, he is served his gooseberries on a plate. He looked indifferent." And another: “The gooseberries were sour:“ How stupid, ”the official said and died.” The following entry is also related to this story, in which they see one of the main thoughts of the work: “Someone with a hammer should stand behind the door of a happy person, constantly knock and remind that there are unfortunate people and that after a short happiness, misfortune will certainly come.”

What is the story "Gooseberry" about?

Chekhov tells about Chimshe-Himalayan, who serves in the ward and dreams of his own estate more than anything else. His cherished desire is to become a landowner. The author emphasizes how much his character is behind the times, because in that era they no longer pursued a meaningless title, and many nobles tried to become capitalists in order to keep up with the times. desired estate. And he fulfills one more of his cherished dreams, he plants gooseberries on the estate. And his wife is dying, because in his pursuit of money, Chimsha-Himalayan starved her. In the story "Gooseberry" Chekhov uses a skillful literary technique - a story in a story, we learn the story of Nikolai Ivanovich Chimshe-Himalayan from his brother. And the eyes of the narrator Ivan Ivanovich are the eyes of Chekhov himself, in this way he shows the reader his attitude towards people like the newly minted landowner.

Quotes from the work “Gooseberries Money, like vodka, makes a person an eccentric. A merchant was dying in our town. Before his death, he ordered a plate of honey to be served to him and ate all his money and winning tickets along with honey so that no one would get it. (Ivan Ivanovich) My brother began to look out for his estate. Of course, look out for at least five years, but in the end you will make a mistake and buy something completely different from what you dreamed about. (Ivan Ivanovich) A change of life for the better, satiety, idleness, develop self-conceit in a Russian person, the most arrogant. Do not calm down, do not let yourself be lulled! While you are young, strong, cheerful, do not get tired of doing good! Happiness does not and should not exist, and if there is a meaning and purpose in life, then this meaning and purpose is not at all in our happiness, but in something more reasonable and greater. Do good! (Ivan Ivanovich) It is necessary that someone with a hammer stands behind the door of every happy, happy person and constantly reminds by knocking that there are unfortunate people, that, no matter how happy he is, sooner or later life will show him its claws, trouble will strike - illness, poverty, loss, and no one will see or hear him, just as now he does not see or hear others. Do not calm down, do not let yourself be lulled! While you are young, strong, cheerful, do not get tired of doing good! Happiness does not and should not exist, and if there is a meaning and purpose in life, then this meaning and purpose is not at all in our happiness, but in something more reasonable and greater. Do good! (Ivan Ivanovich)

The Hero's Responsibility for Choosing a Philosophy of Life The protagonist's brother is amazed at his spiritual limitations, he is horrified by his brother's satiety and idleness, and his dream itself and its fulfillment seem to him the highest degree of selfishness and laziness. Indeed, during his life on the estate, Nikolai Ivanovich grows old and stupefies, he is proud that he belongs to the nobility, not realizing that this estate is already dying out and is being replaced by a freer and fairer form of life, the foundations of society are gradually changing. But most of all, the narrator himself is struck by the moment when Chimshe-Gimalaysky is served his first gooseberry, and he suddenly forgets about the importance of the nobility and the fashionable things of that time. In the sweetness of the gooseberry planted by him, Nikolai Ivanovich finds an illusion of happiness, he invents a reason for himself to rejoice and admire, and this amazes his brother. Ivan Ivanovich ponders how most people prefer to deceive themselves in order to assure themselves of their own happiness. Moreover, he criticizes himself, finding in himself such disadvantages as complacency and a desire to teach others about life. The crisis of the individual and society in the story Ivan Ivanovich reflects on the moral and moral crisis of society and the individual as a whole, he is concerned about the moral state in which modern society is. And Chekhov himself addresses us with his words, he tells how the trap that people create for themselves torments him and asks him to do only good in the future and try to correct evil. Ivan Ivanovich addresses his listener - the young landowner Alekhov, and Anton Pavlovich addresses all people with this story and the last words of his hero. Chekhov tried to show that in fact the goal of life is not at all an idle and deceptive feeling of happiness. With this short but subtly played story, he asks people not to forget to do good, and not for the sake of illusory happiness, but for the sake of life itself. It can hardly be said that the author answers the question about the meaning of human life - no, most likely, he is trying to convey to people that they themselves need to answer this life-affirming question - to each for himself.

What is the conflict of A.P. Chekhov's story "Gooseberry"?

It seems to me that the writer chose the gooseberry - this sour, unsightly berry in appearance and taste - for the personification of the hero's dream is not accidental. The gooseberry emphasizes Chekhov's attitude to the dream of Nikolai Ivanovich and, more broadly, to the tendency of thinking people to escape from life, to hide from it. Such a "case" existence, the writer shows, leads, firstly, to the degradation of the personality.

Ideological and artistic analysis of the work

Analysis of the story by A.P. Chekhov "Gooseberry"

Analysis of the story by A.P. Chekhov "Gooseberry"

And in the story "Gooseberry" Chekhov "truthfully draws life" of this era. Applying the method of story within a story, the author tells about the landowner Chimshe-Himalayan. While serving in the chamber, Chimsha-Himalayan dreams of his estate, in which he will live as a landowner. Thus, he comes into conflict with time, since by the end of the 19th century the times of the landowners had already passed. Now it is no longer successful merchants who seek to obtain a title of nobility, but, on the contrary, nobles are trying to become capitalists.

But at the moment when he was served his first gooseberry, he forgot about the nobility and the fashionable things of the time and completely indulged in the happiness of eating this gooseberry. A brother, seeing his brother's happiness, understands that happiness is not the most "reasonable and great", but something else. He thinks and does not understand what prevents a happy person from seeing an unhappy one. Why is the unfortunate not indignant? The landowner Chimsha-Himalayan created the illusion of gooseberry sweetness. He deceives himself for his own happiness. Also, a large part of society has created an illusion for itself, hiding behind smart words from actions. All their reasoning does not encourage action. They motivate it by the fact that it is not yet time. But you can't put it off indefinitely. Need to do it! To do good. And not for the sake of happiness, but for the sake of life itself, for the sake of activity.

The composition of this story is built on the reception of a story within a story. And besides the landowner Chimshi-Himalayan, his brother, a veterinarian, teacher Burkin and landowner Alekhin, work in it. The first two are active in their profession. The landowner, according to Chekhov's description, does not look like a landowner. He also works and his clothes are covered in dust and dirt. And the doctor appeals to him with an appeal "not to put yourself to sleep" and "to do good."

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Composition

The story "Gooseberry" was written by A.P. Chekhov in 1898. These were the years of the reign of Nicholas II. Having come to power in 1894, the new emperor made it clear that the liberals could not hope for reforms, that he would continue the political course of his father, who was his only authority.
And in the story "Gooseberry" Chekhov "truthfully draws life" of this era. Applying the method of story within a story, the author tells about the landowner Chimshe-Himalayan. While serving in the chamber, Chimsha-Himalayan dreams of his estate, in which he will live as a landowner. Thus, he comes into conflict with time, since by the end of the 19th century the times of the landowners had already passed. Now it is no longer successful merchants who seek to obtain a title of nobility, but, on the contrary, nobles are trying to become capitalists.
Thus, Chimsha-Himalayan, contrary to common sense, is trying with all his might to enter the dying estate. He marries profitably, takes his wife's money for himself, keeps her starving, from which she dies. Having saved money, the official buys the estate and becomes a landowner. On the estate, he plants gooseberries - his old dream.
During his life in the Chimsha-Gimalayan estate, he “aged, flabby” and became a “real” landowner. He spoke of himself as a nobleman, although the nobility as an estate had already become obsolete. In a conversation with his brother, Chimsha-Himalayan says smart things, but he says them only in order to show his awareness of the topical issues of the time.
But at the moment when he was served his first gooseberry, he forgot about the nobility and the fashionable things of the time and completely indulged in the happiness of eating this gooseberry. A brother, seeing his brother's happiness, understands that happiness is not the most "reasonable and great", but something else. He thinks and does not understand what prevents a happy person from seeing an unhappy one. Why is the unfortunate not indignant? The landowner Chimsha-Himalayan created the illusion of gooseberry sweetness. He deceives himself for his own happiness. Also, a large part of society has created an illusion for itself, hiding behind smart words from actions. All their reasoning does not encourage action. They motivate it by the fact that it is not yet time. But you can't put it off indefinitely. Need to do it! To do good. And not for the sake of happiness, but for the sake of life itself, for the sake of activity.
The composition of this story is built on the reception of a story within a story. And besides the landowner Chimshi-Himalayan, his brother, a veterinarian, teacher Burkin and landowner Alekhin, work in it. The first two are active in their profession. The landowner, according to Chekhov's description, does not look like a landowner. He also works and his clothes are covered in dust and dirt. And the doctor appeals to him with an appeal "not to put yourself to sleep" and "to do good."
In his story, A.P. Chekhov says that happiness is not the goal of life. But, as a writer of the late XIX - early XX century, he does not specifically answer the question: what is the purpose of life, offering the reader to answer it.

Other writings on this work

What is the conflict in A.P. Chekhov's story "Gooseberry"? Images of "case" people in the "little trilogy" by A.P. Chekhov The author's rejection of the life position of his heroes in the stories "The Man in the Case", "Gooseberries", "About Love"

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"Gooseberry", analysis of Chekhov's story, composition

Presentation on the topic: » A.P. Chekhov Gooseberry. The story "Gooseberries", which is part of the "little trilogy", was written in July 1898, immediately after "The Man in the Case". There are several entries." - Transcript:

Composition based on the story Gooseberry Chekhov's reasoning

Composition Gooseberry Chekhov

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Themes, plots and problems of A.P. Chekhov's stories

Presentation on the topic “Gooseberry” by A.P. Chekhov "

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What is the story "Gooseberry" about?

What is the conflict of A.P. Chekhov's story "Gooseberry"?

Ideological and artistic analysis of the work

Analysis of the story by A.P. Chekhov "Gooseberry"

Other writings on this work