"People's Artist of the USSR": the secrets of obtaining a prestigious title. Russian show business is in vogue for high-profile state titles The title of People's Artist of the Russian Federation

Notable figures theater, cinema, variety art can become people's and honored artists of Russia. What are the features of the respective honorary statuses?

What is the title of "People's Artist" awarded for?

Rank People's Artist can be awarded to cultural figures in such areas as cinema, television, ballet, music, theater, circus. At the same time, a person can be a performer (for example, in the status of an artist or dancer) or hold some responsible position (for example, be a director, choreographer, conductor, choirmaster, playwright).

The title "People's Artist" is included in the system state awards Russia. The grounds for its assignment may be:

• creating outstanding musical works, concert programs, highly artistic images, films, theatrical productions or making a significant contribution to their display in public through personal performance of roles;
• significant personal contribution to the development domestic art, artistic culture, education of new generations of creative people;
• the presence of merits recognized by the public, as well as representatives of the professional community, experts, critics.

The title of People's Artist is awarded to a person who has outstanding achievements in the field of art by decree of the President of the Russian Federation. Usually appropriate normative act timed to coincide with the Day of the cultural worker - that is, on March 25.

In order to receive the title of People's Artist, a person, as a rule, must have work experience in the field of art, which is at least 10 years after being awarded another Russian honorary title - Honored Artist. Consider what are the conditions for its receipt by artists.

What is the title of "Honored Artist" awarded for?

Rank honored artist, as well as the status of a people's artist, is assigned to representatives of the same areas of art and professional roles. Similarly, it is included in the system of Russian state awards.

The grounds for conferring the title of Honored Artist are as follows:

1. the presence of a representative of the art sphere of personal merits in the creation of cinema, theatrical productions, highly artistic images, concert programs, musical works that are highly appreciated by the public and recognized by representatives of the professional community, experts, critics;
2. personal participation of a representative of the field of art in the preservation, as well as the development of artistic schools (primarily national ones), in the development classic looks Russian culture;
3. active participation of a representative of the sphere of art in socially significant cultural events - concerts and various performances, which are aimed at educating young people, popularizing national culture Russian Federation abroad, are associated with charitable activities;
4. active participation of a representative of the sphere of art in concert activities, organization of theatrical performances, creation of various cultural programs, which, again, received public recognition, and also allowed Russian artists to adequately represent their country abroad at various festivals.

The title of Honored Artist, as a rule, is awarded on the condition that the total work experience of a person in the field of art is at least 20 years from the date of commencement of activities in the field of culture and creativity. But ballet dancers have the right to claim the corresponding award 10 years after the start of creative work. The title of Honored Artist is awarded to a person, provided that he has industry awards from government departments.

As in the case of the title of people's artist, the status of an honored worker of culture is acquired by a person after the President of the Russian Federation issues a corresponding decree - on the basis of documents from the State Awards Commission.

Comparison

The main difference between a people's artist and an honored artist is that the former receives his title if he has a significantly longer experience in the field of art, and also, as a rule, on the condition that he already has the title of honored artist. Which can be acquired by a theater, cinema or pop artist in 10 or 20 years (in the first case, the title in question can be received by ballet dancers, in the second - by figures in other areas of art if both have departmental awards).

The title of an honored artist, therefore, precedes the status of a people's artist - a person can receive a second status 10 years after the award of the first award.

Both state awards are united by generally similar award criteria, as well as the fact that both titles are awarded by decree of the President of the Russian Federation.

Having determined the difference between a folk and honored artist, we will record the conclusions in a small table.

Table

National artist	Honored Artist
What do they have in common?
Similar award criteria
The condition for obtaining the title of people's artist is the status of an honored artist
Both titles are included in the system of state awards
Both titles are awarded by decree of the President of Russia
What is the difference between them?
Assumes a longer experience of a person’s activity in the field of art - as a rule, in general, it should be at least 30 years (20 years for ballet dancers) if the applicant has industry awards from government departments	It assumes a shorter period of human activity in the field of art - at least 20 years (10 years for ballet dancers) if the applicant for the corresponding title has industry awards

Who and how decides whether or not to be a “deserved” and “popular” star, the site found out.

In March of this year, the Ministry of Culture of Russia nevertheless approved the candidacy of musician Nikolai Noskov for the title of Honored Artist of the Russian Federation. True, a month earlier, a refusal came from there. What changed? And how do artists get titles - on merit or for money?

Documents returned due to traffic police fine

Unfortunately, in our country, receiving awards depends on connections and on the petition of influential people. And Kolya never asked anyone for anything and never will ask, - musician Sergey Trofimov (Trofim) tells the Interlocutor. - We have placed a petition on the Internet in support of Nikolai Noskov and have collected more than five thousand signatures. At the same time, they turned to the Union of Variety Artists to nominate Nikolai for the title. Once they nominated me for a well-deserved artist. True, this performance lay somewhere in the "cultural" offices for more than three years. I am glad that on the second attempt, but the title was nevertheless awarded to Noskov. Who, if not him, should be deserved?!

// Photo: Global Look Press

IN Lately this is such a sore point, and I am glad that you are raising it, - says Valeria Gushchina, senior consultant of the Actors Guild of the Union of Cinematographers of Russia. - Who is being awarded today and who is given titles? How are they chosen? Unclear! Film actor Igor Petrenko, who starred in more than 50 films, has not been able to receive a well-deserved award for several years, although he is a laureate State Prize Russia. Recently, they denied the title of national to the wonderful artist Mikhail Zhigalov, who devoted his whole life to theater and cinema. The main thing is that we are not even told the motivation for refusals. Somehow they returned the documents of one artist who has 96 film roles behind him. It turns out that he did not pay a traffic police fine of 230 rubles! And how many documents do you need to collect! For example, they were required to have a tax certificate. Well, what does this have to do with the talent of the artist ?!

Who paid for Baskov?

To receive the title or award of an artist, any organization must submit: theater, film studio, trade union and so on. A special expert council under the Ministry of Culture considers the candidacy. Today it consists of 34 people.

Under the chairmanship of Minister Vladimir Medinsky, directors Nikita Mikhalkov and Vladimir Khotinenko, President of the Academy of Arts Zurab Tsereteli, writer Yuri Polyakov, composer Alexei Rybnikov and other cultural figures gather (on a voluntary basis, that is, free of charge) once a year to decide the fate of artists. Each candidate is discussed separately, the submitted documents (articles, video materials - recordings of programs, excerpts from films, performances, concerts) are studied. Then they vote. It happens that in one meeting you have to consider up to a hundred people. Of this number, the council may recommend ten people to approve. Every year is different. And the final decision is made by officials of the Ministry of Culture. Moreover, the selection criteria are not always clear.

As a source in the ministry told Interlocutor, for a long time they did not approve the title of People's Artist of Russia to satirist Mikhail Zhvanetsky. Respected and beloved by the public, Michal Mikhalych was presented to the title in different years different organizations- from the Mosconcert to the Variety Theatre, but Zhvanetsky became popular only on the eve of his 80th birthday. But suspiciously early, the same title was awarded to singer Nikolai Baskov - at that time he was 33 years old. They say that this is due to the former chairman of the State Duma, politician Gennady Seleznev. Say, he favored Baskov so much that he put in a word for him. There are other rumors that the title of Nikolai was bought by his then producer, businessman and father of the ex-wife of the singer Boris Shpigel. But the Ministry of Culture assures that it is impossible to buy a title or an award from them.

With us, this is categorically excluded, - an employee of the department is indignant in a conversation with the Interlocutor. - Although I can admit that this is possible somewhere at another stage: for example, to pay someone in an organization that represents a person. But I think that it is not easy to do it there either. Our board tries to consider each candidate objectively.

Previously, all this took a lot of time, not like now, - says the announcer of the Central Television, People's Artist of Russia Anna Shatilova. - First they gave the lowest rank - deserved. Then many years had to pass before you could be introduced to the people. So many documents had to be collected, different commissions were sitting! My candidacy was considered for six years. I had two creative characteristics: from People's Artist of the USSR, radio announcer Yuri Levitan and from People's Artist of the USSR, choreographer Igor Moiseev. I no longer hoped. But one day in 1988, they called from the Kremlin and said that they needed to be at the ceremony on the same day at 15:00. I couldn't because of work. Then I was invited to the presentation at the Ministry of Culture, but again I could not. In the end, I was handed a certificate and a badge at the Ostankino television center.

Blind the Everyman

Previously, people's artists of the USSR were provided with additional meters of living space, services in elite clinics and sanatoriums, on tour they relied on a deluxe hotel room and tickets to the SV, as well as a black Volga for the performance and after the performance. In addition, they paid a double pension.

Now there are no special benefits for artists with titles. The exception is those living in Moscow, they are paid 30,000 rubles a month, continues Valery Gushchin's story. - But this innovation was introduced this year and it is not known whether the surcharge will continue next year. As soon as they began to pay this amount to the deserved and popular ones, artists reached out to our guild with a request, even a demand, to nominate them to the title. They say: “This money would help me so much now!” We try to help somehow, but, I repeat, it does not always work out. But look at our pop young pop divas. Through one - honored and national. Who rewards them and on what basis?!

Indeed, for example, Natasha Koroleva became well-deserved at the age of 29, while at the same time she said to the indignation of some: “I have nothing to be ashamed of!” Diana Gurtskaya received the same title at 28. For comparison: the pop "empress" Irina Allegrova became well-deserved for her 50th birthday. And although today the titles of artists, by and large, do not bring anything (it is unlikely that the same Koroleva, with her concert fees, is in dire need of an additional 30 thousand), it is still prestigious. After all, it's so nice to write in big letters on a poster or announce from the stage: "The honored (people's) artist is performing ..." To dazzle the layman.

Background

In 1896, five people from the troupe Alexandrinsky Theater. Also, one of the first to receive this title was the ballerina Matilda Kshesinskaya. In 1918, the title was officially annulled. And a year later, another appeared - "People's Artist of the Republic." The first to be awarded was Fyodor Chaliapin (pictured). In 1931, this title was changed to "People's Artist of the RSFSR". Then the "Honored Artist of the RSFSR" appeared. This title is awarded to those who have worked in the field of art for at least 10 years.

In 1936, Joseph Stalin signed a decree conferring the new title "People's Artist of the USSR". Artists of the Moscow Art Theater were the first to receive it. In 1991, with the collapse Soviet Union this title has ceased to exist. In total, 1006 people became People's Artists of the USSR. Alla Pugacheva and Oleg Yankovsky were the last to receive it. Today, 146 people live with this title in the country. In the entire history, 31-year-old Muslim Magomayev became the youngest people's artist of the USSR.

People's Artist of the USSR Igor Kirillov: I chew bread and butter. Sometimes - with caviar

The most honorable title in the Soviet Union was given to Central Television announcer Igor Kirillov in 1988.

// Photo: Andrey Strunin / "Interlocutor"

Lord, who needs this title now?! - Igor Leonidovich exclaimed in a conversation with the "Interlocutor". - It's all over! And the Soviet Union is long gone. I still have the title of "People's Artist of the RSFSR", and there is no such republic anymore. The title is, of course, honorary. But on odd days - it's just like that. Is today an odd day? So, today I am a simple normal pensioner. Departing nature. Unfortunately.

- Wasn't it strange that the TV announcer was awarded such a prestigious, but still acting title?

Well, up to me the rank People's USSR radio announcers Yuri Levitan and Olga Vysotskaya, and CT announcer Valentina Leontieva have already received. I am not the first in this case. You know, this fact has not changed anything special in my life. Who I was, and who I am. I am calm about the title, but with gratitude. And there were no benefits, which are so much talked about. Anyway, I didn't use them. The car was his own, drove more than 60 years. And in domestic plan I didn't need much, just work.

- Now your title does not give materially anything?

Well, they began to add 30 thousand rubles to the pension. This is an initiative of Moscow Mayor Sergei Sobyanin. So I chew bread and butter. And sometimes even with caviar.

Viktor Merezhko: I came to the Kremlin by metro

As a rule, titles and awards are presented in the Kremlin before any holiday - Russia Day, Constitution Day, New Year. The celebration takes place in the Catherine's Hall of the Kremlin Palace.

// Photo: Global Look Press

I got a call from the presidential administration and invited me to come to the Kremlin on such and such a date to receive an award, ”playwright Viktor Merezhko, who four years ago became a people’s artist of the Russian Federation, tells the Sobesednik. - There was a recommendation to wear a black suit and tie, which, by the way, I don’t wear in my life. I remember asking my neighbor Arkady Inin to tie him up for me, because I don’t know how. They didn't offer me a car. I took the subway. I entered the Kremlin through the Spasskaya Tower.

For about an hour we were kept in some kind of dressing room, then they let us into the hall. There were papers with names on each chair. We waited for the President for about half an hour. A lot of people talked for as much as five minutes, thanked the motherland and the president. It was exhausting for everyone. So I just walked out, received the award, said thank you, and sat down. I did not go to the podium, although no one forbade me. After the ceremony, glasses of champagne were brought in. A crush formed around the president, everyone wanted to be closer to him. I did not push people with my elbows, somehow indecent. I drank champagne and went to the subway.

Folk without quotes

It happens that the artists loved by the people do not receive any title. For example, Vladimir Vysotsky or Oleg Dal. And this is understandable: is it possible to imagine that the Ministry of Culture of the USSR could seriously discuss the award to the rebel Vysotsky?! Although he still became well-deserved, posthumously. And today many famous artists don't have any title. Alexander Baluev, Lyubov Tolkalina, Ivan Okhlobystin, Anna Ardova, Victoria Tolstoganova...

Some artists themselves refuse titles. For example, the leader of the DDT group, Yuri Shevchuk, did not want to receive the people's RF, because he was offended that he would receive this title after he was ten years old. Such rules. But Leonid Yarmolnik at one time was offered to jump over the well-deserved and immediately get the national one. But he also refused.

// Photo: Global Look Press

I am deeply convinced that the artist should be known by name and in person, - Leonid expresses his opinion to the Interlocutor. - The title of the people is devalued in our country, almost everyone already has it, although they are not the Ulyanovs, not the Evstigneevs, not the Yakovlevs, not the Efremovs, and so on. Or even simpler and clearer: imagine - National artist USA Jack Nicholson, Marlon Brando, Robert De Niro, Al Pacino...

The famous Athos, Veniamin Smekhov, who worked for many years at the Taganka Theater, was left without the title of the people.

We, the young ones, were once introduced to the ranks, ”recalls Veniamin Borisovich. - Then we were recalled, because we were next to the disgraced director Yuri Lyubimov. Then they wanted to give again. And now the time has come when it is not necessary. After all, if a person whom you do not know comes with the statement: “I am the People's Artist Golopupkin”, you are unlikely to start treating him well. Ecclesiastes says: "A good name is more precious than a ringing suit." Therefore, when people high altitude hinted, and not to me, but to my wife Galina, that it would be necessary, she honestly said: "He will not talk to you."

Who else?

Over the years, for various reasons, awards and titles were also refused: actor Alexei Devotchenko from the title of Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, writer Yuri Bondarev and artist Vakhtang Kikabidze from the Order of Friendship, musician Konstantin Kinchev from the medal "Defender of Free Russia", writer Alexander Solzhenitsyn from the Order of the Holy Andrew the First-Called...

The material was published in the publication "Interlocutor" No. 12-2018.

At the end of May, Mikhail Trukhin, well-known from the series “Streets of Broken Lanterns”, became the Honored Artist of the Russian Federation, and singer Dmitry Malikov became the People’s Artist, in June the title of Honored was awarded to actress Lidia Velezheva, and the People’s Award was given to film director Vladimir Khotinenko. As it turns out, now a rare pop performer or popular actor does not have the honorary title of a well-deserved and popular - if not Russia, then at least Chechnya. Why the titles left from the times of the USSR are still so significant and how they can be obtained, the correspondent of Our Version tried to find out.

In the Soviet Union, there was a whole system of distribution of titles. There was a strict hierarchy of the titles of cultural figures: from "assholes" (Honored Workers of Culture) to People's Artists of the USSR. Each level had its own benefits and privileges. According to this table of ranks, not only apartments, cars and bonuses were distributed, but also places in the queue for a doctor or for scarce goods. For example, in the Moscow Art Theater on tour, a people's artist of the USSR was entitled to a sleeping car and a suite in a hotel, a well-deserved one - a compartment and a single room, but the rest were settled in two or three. People, in general, were valued more than anything. They were officially entitled to additional meters of living space, a state dacha, services in clinics and sanatoriums, as they say now, VIP-class, as well as a black Volga for the performance and from the performance. People's Muscovites were lucky twice - during life and after death. They had the right to be buried at the Novodevichy or Vagankovsky cemetery of the capital. And the path to the people's artist of the USSR was not easy: first it was necessary to become a well-deserved in an autonomous and union republic, then a people's autonomous or republican level.

Yuri Yulianovich Shevchuk (who, by the way, is a People's Artist of the Republic of Bashkortostan) was seriously offended in 2005 when he found out that his friends were collecting documents to apply for the rocker to be awarded the title of Honored Artist of Russia

Today, the title of Honored and People's Artist does not give any privileges. Only the badge and signature “n.a. RF" small print on the posters they talk about a certain chosenness. True, in the regions, by decision of local authorities, artists can be paid several thousand rubles extra for their achievements. So, in rich Ugra, one-time bonuses from the governor are established for them autonomous region in the amount of 30 and 15 thousand rubles, respectively. In the Nizhny Novgorod region, they went the other way and approved the bill "On additional material support for special merits in the field of sports and culture." And now every month they give fellow countrymen with titles 2,000 rubles each.

These amounts cannot be compared with what pop stars earn on tour and hyped film and television actors receive for filming. Nevertheless, interest in titles from our stars is not weakening. Many of them dream of getting the coveted badge, as it is still prestigious. And if in Soviet years one could count on the recognition of the authorities only at a fairly respectable age, then at the present time youth is not a hindrance to rank. Nikolai Tsiskaridze was only 27 years old when he got the opportunity to sign the people's RF, Anastasia Volochkova - only 26 when she received a well-deserved one, despite all the scandals associated with her name. Yevgeny Mironov and Dmitry Pevtsov became folk at 38, circus trainer Mstislav Zapashny even earlier - at 36.

The youngest people's artist of the USSR was 30-year-old Muslim Magomayev. And this was a unique exception that only confirmed the rule: truly outstanding creators achieved the highest state recognition. “It seems to me that it is impossible to take seriously what is happening now,” says actor and People's Artist of the USSR Vladimir Zeldin. - Titles are awarded not for achievements, but for some momentary glory. Today, the “Star Factory” is considered popular. And in my opinion, this is a piece goods. And when a girl with luxurious hair, a good figure and a pretty face, beautiful eyes becomes popular - this is wrong.

Previously, the actors were not in a very good financial situation, the salaries were paid small. But this was compensated by titles - honored, people's. With the help of the title, it was possible to solve various social and everyday problems: to get, say, an apartment. This is not the case abroad, but in our country there are certain traditions. I am very proud of my ranks. I received them in Soviet time- I myself am a product of that time - and I value them very much. Then there were a lot of positive things about theater and film actors. Of course, there were hard times, and not everything went smoothly. But, I repeat, it is very honorable for me to bear the title of People's Artist of the USSR.

IN last years we have a stage in high esteem. In 2004, along with actress Chulpan Khamatova, composer Arkady Ukupnik received the title of Honored Artist of Russia. A little later - pop singer Alena Sviridova. And in Soviet times, titles were rarely given to representatives of the "light genre". The pioneer was Leonid Utyosov: he was awarded the People's Artist of the USSR in 1965 "by age" - on his 70th birthday. He was followed by Arkady Raikin (1968), Claudia Shulzhenko (1971) and Yuri Bogatikov (1985). Even Iosif Kobzon became popular only in 1987. Recognition was awarded mainly to theater and film actors, directors, opera and ballet dancers. And not all - even among the most famous and popular. Vladimir Vysotsky died as a simple artist of the Taganka Theater, just like Oleg Dal. Andrei Mironov became an Honored Artist of the RSFSR at 33, when he had a dozen roles in cult comedies, and became a People's Artist of the RSFSR six years later, having played 18 years in the super-popular Satire Theater. He did not live to see the People's USSR. Vyacheslav Tikhonov was made popular only two years after Stirlitz.

After the collapse of the Soviet Union, many artists manage to receive titles in several countries at once, such as Alexander Malinin, who is popular in Russia and Ukraine. Nikolai Baskov became popular in Russia, Ukraine and Chechnya. The audience simply does not know many of the newly-minted laureates, and of those who are known, half are not considered serious artists. Not everyone understands what highly artistic images were created, for example, by Anastasia Melnikova, Anna Kovalchuk or Anastasia Zavorotnyuk.

“Today these titles are completely meaningless. It is enough to look at our television, where some voiceless boys and girls are desperately jumping. This is a complete profanation, - says the singer and head of the Opera Singing Center Galina Vishnevskaya. - An artist should not have a title, but a name that speaks for itself. In general, I believe that these titles are now formal and not needed. This was in Soviet times, since they existed, they had to be received. Then it was like this: no title means you are worthless. Accordingly, the attitude towards you, especially in the eyes of officials, who care little about your talents, but only about titles and awards. Well, then it gave some benefits. For example, they immediately called me and said that they were attaching me to the Kremlin polyclinic. And that really mattered."

Some of the artists do not even want to go to the honored ones for some time - as it should be, but they want to immediately go to the folk ones. So, the permanent leader of "DDT" Having made sure that, according to the regulations of the people, they can only be appropriated three years after the well-deserved one, Shevchuk stated the following: "Then I refuse. I am sure that if they want it from above, they will give the people's one without any conditions.

Indeed, not everywhere in Russia from the well-deserved to the national path is so long. In Chechnya, it happens that seconds count. In 2005, at the anniversary evening of the children's choreographic ensemble of Chechnya "Ziya", Diana Gurtskaya sang her new song"Wounded Bird" and the only one of the domestic stars said hello in the Chechen language. Suddenly, the then President Alu Alkhanov rose on stage and announced: after a conversation that had just taken place with Aslambek Aslakhanov, aide to the President of Russia, a unanimous decision was made to award Diana the title of Honored Artist of the Chechen Republic, which quickly transformed into a popular one. And Nikolai Baskov generally remained in the status of an honored artist of the Chechen Republic for only a few seconds. When in Gudermes on holiday concert In honor of awarding Ramzan Kadyrov the title of Hero of Russia, the Minister of Culture announced the new status to Nikolai, the hero of the occasion immediately corrected: the Basque is not honored, but popular.

“There were truly folk artists. The same Yankovsky, for example, - said director Alexei German Jr. - I think that this concept (not the title!) has definitely been discredited. In principle, the problem cannot be solved by assigning titles, but the fact that the importance of cultural figures is assessed in terms of the frequency of their appearance on television is, of course, alarming. Therefore, it seems to me that artists should somehow be celebrated, but not with orders or badges. There must be some other recognition. After all, if you look at it, today people's artists are those who appear in the Full House, and this is dangerous, because the entire culture is being discredited. There is no one to look up to, and we pay less and less attention to what is really worth paying attention to.

If variety performers get titles quite easily, then paperwork is still preserved in theaters. Although, unlike the Soviet Union, there are no quantitative restrictions. They say that in order to overcome bureaucracy, you need to guess the moment. For example, titles are well distributed in anniversary year theater and on various holidays.

“Here we need the support of the labor collective, which must nominate a candidate,” said Gennady Smirnov, deputy chairman of the Union of Theater Workers of the Russian Federation. - Then the secretariat of the Union of Theater Workers issues support. This support, together with documents from the labor collective, goes to the Ministry of Culture, where the issue is considered at the board. And only after that the documents are sent to the department of awards in the presidential administration. All this can take from several months to several years. Alexander Kalyagin tried many times through the Ministry of Culture and the government to return benefits and an increase in pensions for honorary title, but, unfortunately, the results were not achieved. The answer is always the same: “If we include artists now, then honored agronomists, teachers, builders will follow them, and everyone will need to increase their salary. For now, the state has no money for this.” But we calculated that all artists who left their jobs and live today only on pension, to establish a monthly additional salary, do not need so much money.

As in any other activity, the merits of cultural workers have always been marked by state awards. Why did they receive them? For contribution to the development of culture and personal investment in the development of art. And what is higher - an honored artist or a folk artist? Let's figure it out.

Who can apply for state-level awards?

People often ask themselves: "Which is higher - the people's or honored artist of Russia?". But in order to answer it, you first need to understand who can claim this title. First of all, of course, these are the people who can be seen on the screens of cinemas. These are actors. They are more likely than others to receive government incentives. But after all, no film can be made without those who remain behind the scenes. Directors, screenwriters, playwrights - these are the people who make a significant contribution to the development of cinema. And they also often receive state awards. The work of artists who do not act in films, but often appear on television, is also noted. These are singers and TV presenters. The state also supports various other areas of culture. For example, circus, theater and philharmonic. People who long years working on creating spectacular programs, whether it be circus show or concerts of operatic music, may rightly be marked with state privileges.

What can you get an award for in the arts?

Before you understand what is higher - an honored artist or a folk artist, you need to decide what he generally encourages people for.

• First of all, of course, for the creation of cult programs and films. For setting such creative projects takes more than one year. But they become part of the life of the people. Cult films broadcast annually on TV, and theatrical performances staged in theaters across the country.
• State awards encourage people who, thanks to their talent and personal charisma, enrich this or that role. And it will not always be those who act as the main actors. Sometimes state awards are given to supporting actors who did an excellent job and were able to outshine everyone else with the art of acting.
• An honorary title can be obtained for a breakthrough in any of the fields of art. How to make this breakthrough? Come up with a program by which the actors will be trained, write an unexpected scenario twist that has never been used anywhere before. In general, to make an innovation, thanks to which the culture of the country will be enriched.
• Teaching is a noble profession. And sometimes creative personalities, who brought up more than one generation of great actors, musicians, conductors, etc., become owners of state awards.

Honored Artist

Thanks to their talent and charisma, some people become the favorites of the public. To understand what is higher - an honored artist or a folk one, you need to analyze these titles separately, and then compare them. Throughout his life, a cultural figure receives many awards. First, he is awarded city, then regional, and only then state insignia. A person who claims to be an honored artist must have worked in culture for at least 20 years. Moreover, during this time he must go through all the stages of development, from the very bottom, to the heights of his career, and, accordingly, to glory. After all, not everyone becomes an honored artist, but only those people who not only work in culture, but also enrich it through their talent and diligence. Sometimes they have to live with work, and therefore at work. This hard labour appreciated by the government. The award is most often timed to coincide with March 25 - the Day of the Cultural Worker.

National artist

After a person contributes to the development of art, the government awards him the first title. An honored artist is a figure who, through his creative work, has contributed to the promotion of his chosen field for 30 years. If this person does not lose his potential and does not stop there, the next government award awaits him. A cultural figure becomes a people's artist. But only those who have given their profession 20 years of their lives can receive this title. The only exceptions are ballet dancers. After all, as you know, ballerinas, in their 30s, are already considered pensioners. Therefore, as an exception, they are awarded the title of People's Artists for 20 years of outstanding creative activity. Like all other state awards, the order for the appointment of a new rank is drawn up by the government and signed by the president. Therefore, answering the question which is higher - an honored artist or a folk one, we can safely say that it's a folk one. After all, to achieve this honorary award, you need to give most of your life to the service of art.

Comparison

We have already understood which title is higher - people's artist or honored. Now you need to summarize and organize the information.

• Both titles are state, appointed by the government.
• The status of "People's Artist" is awarded to a person for 30 years of service to art. But to become an honored artist, you need to work in culture for at least 20 years. The only exceptions are ballerinas.
• What is the difference between a people's artist and an honored artist? In the order of obtaining titles. It is impossible to become a people's artist if there is no honored artist award in the arsenal of achievements.

What title is valued by cultural figures?

What is higher - people's artist or honored - the reader has already understood. But how do cultural figures themselves relate to these titles? Naturally, both government awards are important for people.

But in culture, as well as in the military branch, that soldier is bad who does not dream of becoming a general. Therefore, artists who have already reached the title of honored artists try not to lose face and work hard to get the coveted award. Honored Artist is not just a title, it is something more. Recognition, people's love and reaching the top in a career - that's what the decree and the badge relying on him mean for an artist. Therefore, without a doubt, every person who works in the field of culture and wants to achieve something in this life hopes to have the honorary title of people's artist at the end of his brilliant career.

Many brilliant Soviet artists were awarded the highest state awards during their lifetime. However, some domestic movie stars, despite people's love, remained without honorary titles.
Andrey Alexandrovich Mironov, who played more than a dozen bright, memorable film roles, played in the theater and performed on the stage. Among domestic cinema lovers there is, perhaps, not a single person who would not love this wonderful artist. In August 1987, Mironov was on tour in Riga and during the performance he lost consciousness right on the stage. Two days later, the artist passed away in the hospital - the doctors could not save Andrei Alexandrovich. The cause of his death was a massive cerebral hemorrhage. Seven years before the tragedy in Riga, Mironov was awarded the title of "People's Artist of the RSFSR". Before the recognition of his merits by the state in the form of the title "People's Artist of the USSR" he did not live.
Magnificent Kuravlyov, who was able to create unique lyrical and very funny images on the screen, is the owner of the title "People's Artist of the RSFSR". He was awarded it in 1976. Several decades later, the Soviet country was gone and Leonid Vyacheslavovich did not have time to receive the “People's Artist of the USSR”. Note that in 2012, the beloved artist was awarded the Order of Merit for the Fatherland, IV degree, for his huge contribution to the development of culture and art.

Actor and director Leonid Bykov died in a horrific car accident in 1979. Bykov had many state titles and awards. In 1973, Leonid Fedorovich was awarded the title of "People's Artist of the Ukrainian SSR" (Bykov lived in Ukraine and shot his films at a film studio in Kyiv). It is quite possible that he would have been awarded the "People's Artist of the USSR" if not for the ridiculous tragedy that ended the life of 50-year-old Bykov.



About Vladimir Semyonovich Vysotsky much has been said and written. He was a real people's artist, but without official recognition of this status. Note that the poet and actor was in second place in the list of domestic idols of the 20th century. In the first place is Yuri Alekseevich Gagarin. A huge number of streets in various cities of Russia and abroad are named after the poet and actor. He was a man who had a tremendous impact on the development of national culture, but he was not awarded the title of "People's Artist of the USSR". Vysotsky was an inconvenient person for the leadership of the party, since his characters often spoke the truth from the stage and from the screen, and his poems made you think. The work of Vladimir Semyonovich Vysotsky during his lifetime was not approved by the state, so he did not have official awards. Only in 1986 he was posthumously awarded the title of "People's Artist of the RSFSR".

In the filmography of a bright artist Yuri Kuzmenkov over a hundred paintings. The actor had an amazing, multifaceted talent - his characters (mostly Kuzmenkov starred in small roles) were often remembered by the audience much better than central characters. Like many artists from our selection, Kuzmenkov was the "People's Artist of the RSFSR". Kuzmenkov was not destined to get a higher rank.

For my acting career Elena Koreneva starred in more than fifty films and played in several theatrical performances. Title " People's Artist USSR "Koreneva was not destined to receive, most likely because she married an American and went to her husband across the ocean. Elena returned to her homeland in 1993, but the USSR no longer existed, respectively, this title also sunk into oblivion. Elena Alekseevna is also known as the author of several books.