The full name of the writer's bianca. Interesting facts from the life of Vitaly Bianchi

Bianki Vitaly Valentinovich(1894-1959) - Russian writer, author of many works for children. The vast majority of Bianchi's tales are dedicated to the Russian forest. Many of them repeatedly express the idea of ​​the importance of knowledge related to wildlife, and they express it gently and carefully, awakening in children a craving for knowledge and research: "", "", "", "", "" and many others.

Popular tales of Bianchi Vitaly Valentinovich

Fairy tales and stories by Vitaly Valentinovich Bianchi

Vitaly Valentinovich Bianchi was born in St. Petersburg in 1894. From childhood, the writer was accustomed to the biological sciences, his father constantly took him to the Zoological Museum, and also instructed him to write naturalist notes. Bianchi was imbued with a love for nature back in childhood, he continued to take naturalistic notes for the rest of his life. What was not in his notebooks: notes on the habits of birds and animals, hunting stories, fables, as well as local dialects relating to the nature of a particular region.

The writer was very fond of traveling and always spent the summer months in nature, studying the forest flora and fauna in the most remote corners of our vast country. That is why tales and stories of Bianchi so colorful and varied.

Vitaly Valentinovich thoroughly engaged writing activities in 1922. At this time, he met Marshak, who would later have a significant impact on the writer's work. Marshak introduces his new friend to Chukovsky and Zhitkov, who were delighted to hear Bianchi's tales and stories. Just at that moment, the writer realized that the notes that he had so diligently collected all his life were not in vain. Each such entry is an occasion for new fairy tale, or an essay. Soon in the children's magazine "Sparrow" Bianchi will be published for the first time.

In 1923, many books by Vitaly Valentinovich will be released, which will then bring him wide fame:, and many others. Five years later, Bianchi's most famous creation, The Forest Newspaper, will be released, it was published until 1958 and was recognized as an exemplary children's work. Later, in 1932, the collection "Forest were and fables" will be released, which will combine both previously written tales and stories of Bianchi, and new works of the writer.

The vast majority of fairy tales and stories of Vitaly Valentinovich are dedicated to the Russian forest. In many of them, the idea of ​​the importance of knowledge concerning wildlife is repeatedly expressed, and it is expressed gently and carefully, awakening in children a craving for knowledge and research.

Bianchi was able to observe life through the eyes of children, it is thanks to such a rare gift that any of his works is read by a child easily and naturally. Thanks to travel, the writer knew a lot, but in books he focuses the attention of the child only on the most significant and precious moments. Tales and stories of Bianca extremely interesting and varied. Some are funny and hilarious, some are dramatic, and some are full of lyrical thought and poetry.

The folklore tradition is strong in many of Bianchi's works. Vitaly Valentinovich gave his creations all the best that he could draw from folk tales, tales of experienced hunters and travelers. Fairy tales and stories of Bianchi are full of humor and drama, they are written in simple and natural language, they are characterized by richness of description and swiftness of action. Any works of the writer, whether fairy tales or stories, are based on deep scientific knowledge, they have an excellent educational effect. The writer teaches children not only to observe nature, but also to strive to know its beauty, as well as to protect natural wealth, so necessary to a person especially in our difficult times.

Although tales and stories of Bianchi written in the same genre, they are very diverse and completely different from each other. It can be both short fairy tales-dialogues, and multi-page stories. Young readers, getting acquainted with the work of Vitaly Valentinovich, receive their first lessons in natural science. The description in the works is so juicy and colorful that the child can easily imagine the situation or the state of mind of the characters.

For the youngest lovers of literature, Bianchi wrote small humorous stories, the content of which is based on a curious, and at the same time instructive adventure. Along with individual works the writer publishes whole cycles of stories for the little ones, for example, "My cunning son." Main character- a curious boy who, in the course of walking with his father through the forest, comprehends forest secrets and makes many discoveries for himself.

For older readers, Vitaly Valentinovich publishes the collection "Unexpected Meetings", all works in which have a harmonious composition, poetic beginning and ending. Seemingly ingenuous at first, the plot at the end will make the reader seriously think about what happened.

In conclusion, I would like to note that tales and stories of Bianchi suitable for children of any age, they will help the child not only broaden his horizons, but also develop a craving for knowledge. No wonder the writer's works are included in the golden fund of children's literature, not only in Russia, but also abroad.

Biography and episodes of life Vitalia Bianchi. When born and died bianchi, memorable places and dates important events his life. writer quotes, Photo and video.

Years of life of Vitaly Bianchi:

born January 30, 1894, died June 10, 1959

Epitaph

How many patient hours have I spent
In light huts from ship baskets,
Dried mud and branches - watching the birds,
Invisible to birds!
From a poem by Vitaly Bianchi

Biography

“I have always tried to write my fairy tales and stories in such a way that they are accessible to adults as well. And now I realized that I have been writing all my life for adults who have kept a child in their souls,” Vitaly Bianchi reflected on his work. The world of Bianchi is a fascinating journey into the depths of forest nature, opening up to us - readers - a huge unknown world full of wonders and mysteries. Through tireless work, Vitaly Valentinovich created a kind of self-instruction manual for love of nature, which, perhaps, still has no worthy analogues. During his career, the naturalist writer created more than three hundred fairy tales, short stories and novels, main theme which invariably remained forest dwellers, animals, birds and nature itself. The author himself has repeatedly noticed that the main goal of his work is to remind people of the joys of life, flowing side by side with wildlife, to draw their attention to the mystery and mystery of the world around us. “Plants and animals, forests and mountains, seas, winds, rains, dawns - the whole world around us speaks to us with all voices ...”, Bianchi wrote. And, probably, Vitaly Valentinovich could recognize these voices and translate them into our human language.

Was born future writer Petersburg in the family of a scientist. From childhood, the boy wrote poetry and kept naturalistic notes about nature and animals. Even as a student at Petrograd University, Bianchi did not abandon his passion. In his youth, Vitaly Valentinovich had a chance to participate in hostilities October revolution during which his health suffered greatly. So, during the Great Patriotic writer no longer fought due to heart problems. Meanwhile, Bianchi's life turned out to be nomadic: the writer traveled a lot (both forcedly and voluntarily) in Central Russia and the North, visited the Urals and Altai, and, in the end, returned to his native St. Petersburg. At one time, Bianchi worked in a newspaper, at a school and in a museum, but his main talent was revealed precisely in writing. As a result, the total circulation of the works of Vitaly Bianchi, translated into dozens of languages, amounted to more than forty million copies.

Before his death, Bianchi was very ill, but did not stop working. Next to him were always close and beloved people - family, friends and colleagues. Vitali Bianchi died at the age of sixty-five. The cause of Bianchi's death was diseases of the heart and vascular system (it is known that during his lifetime the writer suffered a severe heart attack and several strokes). Bianchi's funeral took place at the Theological Cemetery in St. Petersburg. Bianchi's grave is marked by a touching monument of a pensive young man, looking somewhere up.

life line

January 30, 1894 Date of birth of Vitaly Valentinovich Bianchi.
1916 Conscription to the army and study at the Vladimir Military School.
1918 Work in the Samara newspaper "People".
1923 Publication of the first story "The Journey of the Red Sparrow".
1925 Arrest and sentence to a three-year exile in Uralsk.
1928 Moving to Leningrad and the establishment of the "Forest Newspaper".
1948 Deteriorating health: the writer suffers a heart attack and two strokes.
1957 The release of the last lifetime edition of "Forest were and fables."
June 10, 1959 Date of Bianchi's death.

Memorable places

1. Bianchi's house in St. Petersburg.
2. Petrograd University (now St. Petersburg State University), where Vitaly Bianchi studied.
3. Vladimirskoe military school where Vitaly served.
4. The city of Samara, where Vitaly Bianchi lived after the revolution.
5. The city of Biysk, where Bianchi lived until 1922
6. The city of Uralsk, where the writer was in exile.
7. Theological cemetery in St. Petersburg, where Bianchi is buried.

Episodes of life

In his youth, Vitaliy Bianchi loved to play football, and, to be honest, he was successful in the game. He hit with both feet, was famous for his sharp jerk and accurate shooting pass, excellent corner kicks. Repeatedly Vitaly played for the city team of St. Petersburg, and once even became the owner of the Spring Cup. And only his father was not quite satisfied with his hobby: “You need to work with your head, not with your feet,” he insisted.

In the post-revolutionary years, Bianchi was mobilized into Kolchak's army, but soon deserted and hid under a false name: for a while, Vitaly Bianchi turned into Vitaly Belyanin. Actually, the second surname remained with the writer until the end of his life.

Covenant

“The combination of forest and sea gave rise to a generation of sailors, hunters, biologists, and travelers. What you sow in childhood, you will grow in adulthood.

Cartoon based on the fairy tale by Vitaly Bianchi "Owl"

condolences

“Bianchi is a fabulous surname. As if not a surname at all, but the name of a magical hero - Carlson, the Hobbit. Partly, this impression is created because it sounds unusual for the Russian ear, but the main thing, of course, is the many fairy tales and stories of Vitaly Valentinovich Bianchi. And since we get to know them in childhood, when the word is even more wonderful, then everything is unusually exciting life forests, rivers, seas, animals, birds and insects, which the author reveals to us, becomes one huge world. His name is Bianki.
Alexander Goryashko, writer

“Most of all I was struck, directly shocked by the nature of Altai. There he lived four difficult but happy years. Lived in Biysk, taught biology at school. The living conditions at that time were difficult - food was bad, with firewood, terrible diseases lay in wait. But there was youth, energy, a sense of the vastness of the surrounding world and the unexploredness of its secrets, which can be discovered all your life.
Elena Bianchi, daughter

"Even Yu. Vasnetsov begins his journey in a children's book with drawings for Bianchi's story Karabash."
Valentin Kurdov, artist

Vitaly Bianchi was born on February 11, 1894 in St. Petersburg in the family of an ornithologist, curator of the zoological museum of the Imperial Academy of Sciences, Russified Italian Valentin Lvovich Bianchi. One of his family branches had Swiss roots, the other - German. Vitaly Bianchi's great-grandfather was famous opera singer, who, before the tour of Italy, at the insistent requests of the impresario, changed the usual German surname Weiss on Bianchi.

The apartment of the future writer was opposite the museum, and little Vitaly Bianchi and his two brothers often visited it, and in the keeper's apartment itself Imperial Museum there is a small zoo with cats, dogs, hedgehogs and other animals.

In the summer, the family left for the village of Lebyazhye. Here Vitaly Bianchi, when he was not even five years old, first immersed himself in communication with nature in the forest surroundings of Lebyazhye. He was in love with the forest and its inhabitants. The interests and education of Vitaliy Bianchi were very diverse. He graduated from the gymnasium, then entered the Faculty of Natural Sciences of St. Petersburg University. Later, he studied another course of science - at the Institute of Art History. But the main sphere of his interests was the world of animals, the world of the forest and its inhabitants. Therefore, Vitaly Bianchi considered his father, Valentin Lvovich Bianchi, to be his main teacher all his life. It was he who taught his son to record all observations of the life of animals.

In 1916, Vitaly was drafted into the army and after completing an accelerated course at the Vladimir Military School with the rank of ensign, he was sent to an artillery brigade. In February 1917, he was elected by soldiers to the Soviet of Soldiers' and Workers' Deputies and at the same time joined the Socialist-Revolutionary Party. Worked in the protection commission artistic monuments Tsarskoye Selo. In the early spring of 1918, part of it was sent to the Volga.

In the summer of 1918, Bianchi worked in Samara in the newspaper "People". Then Bianchi moved to Ufa, Yekaterinburg, again to Ufa, to Tomsk, and in the early 1920s he lived in Altai, worked in local history museum and a biology teacher in one of the schools in Biysk. Bianchi wrote down his impressions and observations of the life of the abodes of the taiga, where he spent a lot of time. He wrote down everything even when these records seemed absolutely useless and lay dead weight in a box. desk. However, a few years later they were destined to transform into fascinating stories and tales about the natural world and its inhabitants.

Bianchi was mobilized into the Kolchak army, but soon deserted from there and was forced to live under a false name. According to the documents, he was listed as Vitaly Belyanin, a student at Petrograd University and an ornithologist-collector of the Zoological Museum Russian Academy Sciences. He hid his real name until the expulsion of Kolchak. Double surname Bianki-Belyanin remained in his passport until the end of his life.

With the establishment of Soviet power in Biysk, Bianchi worked in the department of public education in the museum part. Then, in addition to this position, he was appointed head of the museum, and later approved as a teacher at the school named after the III Comintern. Actively participated in the work of the Biysk Society of Nature Lovers, lectured on ornithology at the Altai People's University, organized two scientific expeditions to Lake Teletskoye.

In 1921, Vitaly Valentinovich was arrested twice by the Cheka in Biysk, in addition, he served 3 weeks in prison as a hostage.

In September 1922, one of his acquaintances warned Vitaly Bianchi about the threat of a new arrest, and he quickly packed his things, arranged a business trip to his homeland and went with his family to Petrograd. In Petrograd, he met Samuil Marshak, who brought Bianchi to a literary circle at one of the city libraries. Other writers also gathered there, including Chukovsky and Zhitkov. The stories of Vitaliy Bianchi about the life of animals were liked by the members of the circle, and very soon literary magazine for children with Sparrow, the first story by Vitaly Bianchi, The Journey of the Red-Headed Sparrow, was published. And the next year, in 1923, his first book about the life of animals, “Whose nose is better,” was published.

The writers L.N. Tolstoy, I.S. Turgenev, S.T. Aksakov, D.N. Mamin - Sibiryak, American writer E.Seton-Thompson. most famous book Vitaliy Bianchi became "Forest Newspaper". It still remains unsurpassed both in originality of form and richness of content. Since 1928, Lesnaya Gazeta has been reprinted many times, translated into different languages peace.

At the end of 1925, Bianchi was arrested and sentenced for participation in a non-existent underground organization to three years of exile in the city of Uralsk. In 1928, thanks to numerous petitions, including Maxim Gorky, who turned to G. Yagoda, Bianchi received permission to move to Novgorod, and later to Leningrad. In November 1932, a new arrest followed, but after three and a half weeks, Bianchi was released "for lack of evidence." In March 1935, Bianchi, as "the son of a personal nobleman, a former Socialist-Revolutionary, an active participant armed uprising against the Soviet power”, was again arrested and subject to exile for five years in the Aktobe region. However, thanks to the intercession of Ekaterina Pavlovna Peshkova, the decision to exile was canceled, and Bianchi was released.

During the Great Patriotic War, the writer was evacuated to the Urals. After the end of hostilities, he returned to hometown, but usually most of the time, starting from early spring and ending in late autumn, he lived in the country, where he often received young nature lovers. Once Nikolai Sladkov was among his guests, including under the influence of Vitaly Bianchi, who became one of the best Russian naturalist writers of the twentieth century.

Despite all the hardships of life at that time, the writer received a powerful creative charge from everyday communication with nature. Directly during these years, he wrote about half a dozen stories, among them were "The Order in the Snow" and "Black Grouse in the Holes" in 1942, "Mouse" in 1943 and many other works.

In the works of Vitaly Valentinovich is noticeable folklore tradition, for his work it is very characteristic to return to the works written in the past and already published. Old texts were often supplemented with new lines. For example, throughout his life, Vitaliy Bianchi repeatedly supplemented the reprints of the Forest Newspaper, as well as the collection Forest were and Fables, which have long become a real classic and a model of scientific and fiction literature for children.

IN last years Vitaly Bianchi was ill a lot of his life - he completely paralyzed his legs and partially his arms. But, as before, he had meetings of the editorial board of "News from the Forest". He has repeatedly and actively participated in writing scripts for feature films, cartoons, filmstrips about nature and animals. Bianchi's plans were to create a club " Scarlet Sails”, dedicated to the memory of his favorite writer Alexander Grin.

They wrote such famous works, like "The First Hunt", "How the Ant Hurried Home", "Trapper's Tales", "Who Sings with What" and many others. Separately, it is impossible not to mention such beautiful works, like "Mouse Peak" and "Titmouse Calendar".

During his life, Bianchi wrote more than three hundred stories, fairy tales, novellas and articles, which were included in his 120 books, printed with a total circulation of 40 million copies. Bianchi not only himself constantly worked on new books, but also gathered around him wonderful people who loved and knew animals and birds. He called them "translators from the wordless." These were N. Sladkov, S. Sakharnov, E. Shim. Bianchi helped them work on the books. Tale, short stories, fairy tales of Bianchi uniquely combined poetry and exact knowledge. He even called the latter in a special way: "fairy tales-non-tales." They don't have magic wands or walking boots, but there are no less miracles.

Shortly before his death, Vitaly Bianchi wrote in the preface to one of his works: “I have always tried to write my fairy tales and stories in such a way that they are also accessible to adults. And now I realized that all my life I have been writing for adults who have kept a child in their souls.

An ornithologist by recognition, a researcher, a pathfinder and a traveler by way of life, a poet by his attitude, active and hardworking by nature, possessing outstanding literary abilities, a good storyteller and just kind, sociable, having a lot of friends, followers, students, Bianchi became one of the founders of the whole directions in literature for children, devoting his work to the scientific and artistic reflection of the life of the forest and its inhabitants.

His life can hardly be called easy and cloudless - a link, a bad heart, several heart attacks; however, some problems were replaced by others, and he remained an “eccentric”, for whom the sight of a blossoming flower or a bird fluttering from branch to branch compensated for all the failures taken together. The writer managed to convey his amazing worldview in his books, and therefore the works of Vitaly Bianchi became classics, and are recognized as the best natural history textbooks for people of all ages.

Vitaly Valentinovich Bianki died in Leningrad on June 10, 1956 at the age of 62 and was buried in St. Petersburg at the Theological Cemetery.

About Vitalia Bianchi was filmed documentary"Editor of the Forest Newspaper".

Your browser does not support the video/audio tag.

Text prepared by Andrey Goncharov

Used materials:

Wikipedia site materials
Site materials www.kotmurr.spb.ru
Site materials www.n-sladkov.ru
Site materials www.teremok.in

Vitaly Bianchi is a famous Russian writer. He loved very much native nature and talked about it in books that he wrote for children.

Vitaly was born in the capital tsarist Russia- Petersburg. The Bianchi family inherited an unusual surname from their great-grandfather, who lived in Italy.

The boy's father was engaged in ornithology - the study of the life of birds and worked in the scientific Zoological Museum. Little Vitaly and his brothers liked to visit their father's work. They looked with interest at the showcases with frozen birds and animals, because exhibits from different corners planets.

When summer came, the whole family went from the city to their summer vacation in the village of Lebyazhye. The village was located in a picturesque place: on the seashore, next to a forest and a small river. Little Vitaly was greatly impressed by hiking in the forest. The dense thicket seemed to the boy a mysterious, wonderful country. He learned a lot of interesting things about the life of forest dwellers from his father.

Vitaly was smart and inquisitive. Walking through the forest, he noticed interesting things and immediately wrote them down. Many years later, these observations became the basis of fairy tales and stories.

The youth of the future writer was rich in hobbies. He played football very well, read literature, loved hunting and traveling.

Service in the army coincided with a revolutionary period in the history of Russia. During the turbulent war years, Vitaly lived for several years in the Altai Territory in the town of Biysk. There he began to do his favorite thing - he organized scientific hikes in the mountainous region, led the local history museum. At the same time, the young man lectured on biology, introduced students to the fascinating world of animals and birds. After all, he knew him well and loved him.

In 1922, Vitaly Bianchi returned to his native city. In Petrograd he met Chukovsky, Marshak and other children's writers. Communication with writers laid the foundation for the writing activity of Vitaly Valentinovich. In 1923, his first works were published: a short story "The Journey of the Red-Headed Sparrow" and a book of stories "Whose nose is better?".

The author was best known for the famous Forest Newspaper, which he rewrote and supplemented throughout his life. This amazing book describes the events that happen to the forest dwellers in different times of the year.

All subsequent creations of Bianchi were dedicated to the forest. In their good stories and fairy tales, he revealed the secrets of the forest, showed the life of its inhabitants from a new perspective, conveyed the beauty and diversity of Russian nature. Books by V. Bianki teach careful attitude to all living things that surround a person.

Creativity Bianchi

If you want to know how the gray hare moves around winter forest, or a hungry wolf prowls in search of prey, it is enough to read a few stories of the famous children's writer Vitaliy Bianki, who told in his books about all the secrets of nature.

Vitaly Valentinovich was born in 1894 in the city of St. Petersburg. In his childhood, he often wandered through the forest and listened with particular pleasure to the stories of experienced hunters. He tried to delve into many of the mysteries of nature that interested him. Bianchi considered his father to be his main teacher, since it was he who taught him to write down all natural phenomena in a notebook. After studying at the gymnasium, Vitaly Valentinovich enters Petrograd University in the department of natural sciences. In 1916, he studied at an accelerated course at a military school in Vladimir and was sent to an artillery brigade. In 1918 he joined the Socialist-Revolutionary Party and worked in their current newspaper. After mobilization into the Russian army, the writer is forced to become a deserter and go into hiding for a long time under a different name. He had to leave for Altai, where he gladly became the organizer of tourist and local history trips and the creator of the local museum. In addition, Bianchi lectured on biology.

In 1922 he returned to Petrograd, where he often visited the literary community. Among the representatives of the circle were all famous Roots Chukovsky, Samuil Marshak. And now readers get acquainted with the first work of Bianchi "Journey of the red-headed sparrow." This was followed by a collection of short stories "Whose nose is better?". The writer in his forest stories answered the children many questions that were of interest to them. Soon, Vitaly Valentinovich published Lesnaya Gazeta for older children, where, on the basis of published works, he sought to teach children to observe independently. He worked on this book for more than 4 years, and achieved the result. Each of his stories did not leave any reader indifferent to the life of our smaller brothers. But if you carefully read his works, you will notice that his heroes are not only animals and birds, but also their friends-guys. This is the resourceful Yegorka from the story "In the Footsteps" and the first grader Mike from "Winter Flight".

During the period of his work, the writer created a scientific society, where they gathered the best minds Petersburg. In addition, Vitaly Valentinovich worked on the radio, where he hosted the program Vesti Lesa. For my creative activity Bianchi created about 300 stories, stories in which he instilled in children a love of nature. His works are read with great interest by both preschoolers and students. primary school. The writer died of a long lung disease in 1959.

Biography 2

Anyone who remembers school years, will always remember the name of an outstanding writer, inextricably linked with childhood, school, books on extracurricular reading. in textbooks elementary school we read, and even now our children, grandchildren and even great-grandchildren read, and will read stories about nature, about the life of animals, by Vitaly Valentinovich Bianki. Without his "Forest Newspaper", "Teremka", "First Hunt" it is impossible to imagine school curriculum and your childhood. His books are the first to acquaint the little reader with a sense of duty, responsibility and, most importantly, with a feeling of love and care for our smaller brothers.

The writer was born in St. Petersburg. The writer's ancestors were Italians, hence this unusual surname. All his childhood was inextricably linked with nature. His father was a biologist, an employee of the Museum of Zoology of the Academy of Sciences. The family's house was located near the museum and little Vitaly spent all his days there, their whole apartment was filled with animals, birds, even snakes. For the whole summer, the family went to the village of Lebyazhye, and all the pets traveled with them. There, in the village, a huge horizon was opened up for "lovers of nature."

Naturally, after such an eventful childhood, the son of a biologist entered the natural department of the university in St. Petersburg. But with the outbreak of the First World War, the young man was forced to quit his studies and join the army. In 1918 he went to Altai on an expedition. Here he was sent to Kolchak's army, but deserted, hiding with the partisans. After the establishment of the new Soviet regime, Vitaly continues to live in Biysk, organizes a local history museum there and teaches at school. In this city, the writer married Vera Klyuzheva, who was a teacher French, a daughter and 3 sons were born in the family.

In 1922, the Bianchi family moved to St. Petersburg, where the writer joined a circle of children's writers, which already included S. Marshak, K. Chukovsky and others. ". Next comes the book "Whose nose is better?" Easy readable tone, interesting facts about the life of animals, unpretentious humor - everything was to the liking of the reader. In 1924 one of the famous works"Forest Newspaper". A year later, and until 1935, the persecution of the authorities began on the writer. To the Great Patriotic War, together with his family was evacuated to the Urals, he was not taken to the front because of heart problems.

The writer spent the remaining years of his life in the fight against various diseases: diabetes, vascular disease, suffered 2 strokes, a heart attack - all this did not allow him to walk, go to his beloved forest, but he continued to write. Vitaly Bianchi died at the age of 65 from lung cancer.

Biography by dates and interesting facts. The most important.

Other biographies:

• Griboedov Alexander Sergeevich

  Alexander Sergeevich Griboyedov was born on January 15, 1795 into a wealthy noble family. A man of exceptional talents, Alexander Griboyedov knew how to play the piano brilliantly, composed music himself, knew more than five foreign languages

• Rubtsov Nikolai Mikhailovich

  Born in the Arkhangelsk region in 1936, Nikolai Mikhailovich Rubtsov grew up in orphanage. His father was sent to war, and his mother was lost during the war years.

• Immanuel Kant

  Immanuel Kant was a great German philosopher who laid the foundations of classicism in philosophy. Most of the philosopher's works were sorted into quotations by descendants.

• Bryusov Valery Yakovlevich

  Bryusov is considered, if not the creator of Russian symbolism, then one of the most prominent figures in this direction. At the turn of the century, when the period of the creative acme of the poet came, many people created incredible works

• Pogorelsky Anthony

  Anthony Pogorelsky was outstanding writer of his time. He was born in Moscow. His father was a nobleman and his mother a peasant. Noble people prevailed among the relatives, including the Russian writer Alexei Tolstoy.

(1894-1959) Russian writer

For several generations of adults and children, thanks to the books of Vitaly Bianchi, they have been getting acquainted with the amazingly many-voiced and multi-colored world of nature. We can say that Bianchi created not only literary genre, but also the whole literary direction, but in fact, their own literature, the heroes of which were Larks and Bats, Cats and Bears, Wolves and Whales.

Bianchi inherited his interest in nature from his father, a famous ornithologist who worked all his life in the zoological museum of the Academy of Sciences. WITH early childhood Vitaly helped his father process the collections in the winter, and in the summer they went on expeditions together or watched the life of birds and animals in their country house, located on the shores of the Gulf of Finland. As Bianchi himself later wrote, “Father called me every herb, every bird and little animal by name and patronymic.”

Therefore, when Vitaly graduated from high school, he had no problems deciding what to do next. In 1915 he entered the natural department of St. Petersburg University. However, he failed to complete his studies: he was drafted into the army. And after the October Revolution, he no longer returned to his native city and lived in Altai in Biysk, where he worked as a teacher at a school, as well as a researcher at the local museum of local lore.

In Biysk, Bianchi tried his hand at literature and published his first stories and poems about nature in a local newspaper. In 1920, he married French teacher Vera Nikolaevna Klyuzheva, and two years later, together with his family, he moved to his homeland, to St. Petersburg.

It was at this time that he met the poet Samuil Marshak. It was he who brought Vitaly Bianchi to the circle of children's writers, which at that time was led by O. Kapitsa. The members and guests of this circle were very young, but already well-known beginning writers: I. Ilyin, B. Zhitkov, L. Panteleev, E. Schwartz, K. Chukovsky and others.

In 1923, members of the circle began to publish the first Soviet children's magazine "Sparrow". In it, Bianchi published his first fairy tale - "The Journey of the Red-Headed Sparrow." It was followed by a whole series of children's books that brought fame to the writer: "Whose nose is better", "Who sings than", "Forest houses". All these books have long become classics, and both adults and children read them with pleasure.

And in 1928, the first edition of a new book by Vitaly Bianchi, "Forest Newspaper", was published. This book immediately gained a lot of fans. And for the writer, she was not only the most beloved, but also the most important in his life. Because these were not ordinary stories about nature, but a scientific and artistic work for children.

The writer showed in the book how nature changes at different times of the year, and what happens in it in spring, summer, autumn and winter are not some separate and unrelated events, but a continuous process that repeats from year to year in year. Subsequently, Bianchi repeatedly revised and expanded the Forest Newspaper, preparing its tenth edition shortly before his death.

In 1930, together with the artist V. Kurdov, he went to the north of Eastern Siberia. The materials collected during the trip became the basis of the book "The End of the Earth".

And five years later, in 1935, the writer is sent into exile, it is not known for what crimes. Vitaly Valentinovich ends up in Uralsk. However, even in exile, he continues to observe nature and write books. Only a year later he manages to achieve a transfer to Novgorod. At the same time, his new stories came out of print: "Odinets" and "Askyr". They were dedicated to animals - elk and jackal. Fortunately, the writer had many friends and admirers. They were not afraid to take care of him, and in 1937 he was finally allowed to return to Leningrad.

He usually spent the winter with his family in the city, and every summer they traveled together to the village, where the village friends from the village were already looking forward to the writer. kids club young naturalists. They were joined by young summer residents who also wanted to learn more about nature, young naturalists from the city came. Vitaly Valentinovich told them about the habits of animals, about birds and plants, together they went on excursions to the forest and in the field, observed hidden life nature. And on the basis of these conversations and observations, Bianchi wrote his next book Circle of Columbus.

The beginning of the war caught him in the countryside: due to heart disease, the writer was not drafted into the army. In 1942, he leaves for evacuation to the Urals and settles near Perm in the small town of Osa. Bianchi continues to work actively here: he performs in evacuated orphanages, works in the local history museum, and writes new stories. The writer believed that "a person cannot live only with thoughts about the war, one must live with thoughts about the future."

After the war, he returned to Leningrad again. The usual working rhythm is gradually being established: in the summer in the countryside, in the winter in the city. The writer is full of new ideas and plans. However, a sick heart begins to fail: in 1948, Bianchi has his first heart attack. But, having barely recovered, he continues to work. Bianchi gives a lot of time and energy to novice writers, helps them with advice, reads their first works. Among his students were S. Sakharnov, N. Sweet, E. Shim.

Together with them, Bianchi, based on the materials of the "Forest Newspaper", organizes the radio program "News from the Forest", which for many years was broadcast on the Leningrad radio.

However, the writer's health continues to deteriorate. In 1951, Vitaly Valentinovich had a stroke, after which it became difficult for him to move around. But most of all he was upset that now he could no longer go to the forest or the field, sit there and communicate with nature. Now he had only one thing to do - to sit at the table and write, which he did with joy: after all, he wrote about what he loved most in the world - about nature. At this time, Vitaly Valentinovich compiled an anthology of children's fairy tales and stories "Forest were and fables."

The last book of the writer was a cycle of stories, united by the common title "Birds of the World". But he didn't wait for it to come out. Vitaly Valentinovich Bianchi died in the summer, June 10, 1959, at the time he usually spent in the countryside, in nature.