Literary heroes and their connection with geographical names. Literary and geographical project "Symbols of Russia

Russian State Children's Library in cooperation with State Museum history of Russian literature. V. I. Dahl, the Russian Geographical Society, with the support of the Ministry of Culture of the Russian Federation, continues the All-Russian project "Symbols of Russia".

This year the project is dedicated to the Year of Ecology and Protected Areas in the Russian Federation and is carried out with the information support of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Russian Federation. The project consists of two parts: the All-Russian Literary and Geographical Competition "Symbols of Russia" and the All-Russian Literary and Geographical Olympiad "Symbols of Russia".
Until October 20, 2017, the RSDL accepts children's questions about natural objects and territories of Russia and their reflection in classical Russian literature. An authoritative jury will determine the best questions.
The compilers of the best questions will receive not only diplomas and gift certificates from the Labyrinth online store, but will also become the authors of the All-Russian Olympiad "Symbols of Russia".
November 23, 2017 in each region, it is planned to hold the Olympiad among schoolchildren in two age categories: from 8 to 10 years old and from 11 to 14 years old. The winners of the Olympiad will receive diplomas and book gifts.
Congratulations to the pedagogical community on their professional holiday! We hope that the literary and geographical project "Symbols of Russia" will be supported by you and your colleagues from educational and cultural institutions. We are confident that its successful implementation will help build effective interdepartmental cooperation that will encourage children to read and increase interest in nature and literature in our country.

Mikhailov I.E.,
graduate of professional retraining of MIOO in 2006 in the direction of "Geography",
author of practice-oriented books and articles on the methodology of teaching biology and geography in high school

In 2016, the Russian Geographical Society called on schoolchildren from different regions of Russia to take part in the project of the School Geographical Expedition "Literary Geography". Active involvement of schoolchildren in the study of literary places home country was supposed to contribute to the education of citizenship and patriotism of the youth.

During field expeditions, schoolchildren

• got acquainted with literary places your region,
• held research work on the assessment of the safety of objects cultural heritage associated with the life and work of Russian writers and poets,
• revealed the main changes in the natural and social environment region compared to the era described in literary works,
• schoolchildren learned the names of writers and poets, new for them, their way of life in the corresponding time period, the conditions of creativity of those years.

There was a binding of literary works known to schoolchildren to a specific area.
Great importance in geographical science have desk research conducted before and after the geographical expedition. In the practice of literary geography, this is the reading of fiction and essay books, the search for geographical content in them, its analysis and synthesis. This stage in literary geography is almost the main one, since without it there is no full-fledged field stage. Geography teachers develop and use a variety of questions and tasks, including creative ones. Numerous developments are published in the scientific and methodological journals of our country, exhibited on the Web.
Literary geography is in the integration range of the interaction of geography with other school disciplines. Its methodological tasks are common to didactics in general and have their own specific features. Questions and assignments in literary geography are widely used in school Olympiad practice.
By means of literary geography, on familiar literary material, difficult topics geography course. Art books and essays concretize qualitatively new geographical material for students for its better understanding and assimilation. Fiction discharges the atmosphere of the control lesson, contributes to the formation of attentiveness when answering questions, gives new knowledge, brings the geographical material of the lesson closer to life, makes it more transparent, “not according to the textbook”. Literary fragments in a geography lesson act as illustrators of geographical content. They make it visual, accessible and memorable. Fiction and essay literary material contributes to the formation of patriotic feelings of students, becomes digression, acts as an illustrator of the patterns of development of wildlife, humanity and the Earth as a whole.
In the methodology and practice of literary geography, we tried to single out several blocks.

Block 1. Formation of the geographical image of the territory
Artistic and essay texts act as illustrators that allow you to paint images of space. At the same time, the geographical plot in works of art appears in two forms - generalized and specific. Many poets and writers can find poems about the seasons and time of day, about the forest, river, stream, wind, sea, villages with domes of churches, fields with forest copses. In another version, the territorial attachment of a work of art ensures the recognition of the places described in it.

Block 2. Geographic Analysis artistic text
Using ready-made geographical knowledge when reading works of art, one can approach the reading of books in more detail and thoughtfully, and more fully understand the geographical realities of the fiction being read. Literary texts give students an additional incentive to receive geographical information that is subjectively new to them. Geographic Knowledge are formed directly from an artistic fragment and in the process of working with additional sources of information on questions and tasks.

Block 3. Analysis of the geographical space of a fiction book
An important task of literary geography is to teach one to see geographical space in a fiction book: “Where does all this happen?” Only by introducing a schoolchild into the geographical space of a work of art, one can expect him to respond adequately to what he has read. Unfortunately, it is a common situation when both geography and literature are taught at school, interdisciplinary integration is carried out, and the student picks up another book and again does not understand where the action is developing. With the help of literary geography, the teacher helps to enter the geographical space of read fiction books.

Block 4. Knowledge of the geographical past of the territory through historical geography, and vice versa
In art books, schoolchildren find artifacts that become Starting point their historical and geographical research. And starting from the traces of man on Earth, they enter its geographical plane. Schoolchildren go online like a library full of interesting, but sometimes contradictory information, which they have yet to figure out, having formed own representation about the planet.

Nowadays, literary geography is emerging from the academic walls and resonates with the adult population. According to the researcher N. Gorbunov, fiction is a creative reflection of human life, including the multitude of geographical places that exist in reality. Sometimes these places are clearly guessed, and sometimes their history requires a thorough geographical investigation. There are places that everyone knows, for example, Patriarch's Ponds in Moscow. But in fiction there are many little-known or completely unknown toponyms. Where do writers get them from? What if some of the streets, houses, squares, bridges mentioned in the books actually exist? This becomes the motivation and starting point of the literary-geographical journey. It is interesting to know whether the author has been there personally or, perhaps, he only read or heard from friends about this or that estate, house, department, park. These places are described in a literary work, which means they are worth exploring. Literary geographers try to recreate the historical picture, to determine the possibility of a personal visit to the place described by the author, to find out how closely his fate is connected with this place.

The idea of ​​traveling to places in art books is by no means new:

• in Moscow, you can ride from the basement of the Master (based on the novel by M.A. Bulgakov "The Master and Margarita") to Margarita's mansion and then to the "bad apartment" where the writer himself lived, with a guide even at night;
• in St. Petersburg they organize excursions to the places of F.M. Dostoevsky's novel "Crime and Punishment".

The idea of ​​literary-geographical travels inspired by literature was embodied in the network projects "Clutch Pedal with Reality", "Literary Geography as Multidimensional Work with Text" and "By Text Without a Visa".

In conclusion, here is a small list of books for desk literary and geographical research of schoolchildren:

• you can find traces of Nils Holgersson, and at the same time you can explore Sweden with G.Kh. Andersen’s travel notes “In Sweden”, the book by T.A. Chesnokova “ literary map Sweden". Another book by T.A. Chesnokova “Stockholm in the times of A. Lindgren” will be a godsend for the young literary geographer;
• N. Gorbunov's book "The House on the Tail of a Steam Locomotive" is useful for schoolchildren as a guide to Europe in the fairy tales of H.K. Andersen; in it, young literary geographers will find fairy tales with detailed Google maps and virtual routes, literary travels for Denmark, Germany, Italy, Switzerland, Norway, Spain;
• appeal through historical geography to literary geography and vice versa will be possible through the books "The Further Adventures of Robinson Crusoe" by D. Defoe and "From Siberia" by A.P. Chekhov;
• together with the author of the book "Magical Prague" A.M.Ripellino, schoolchildren can wander through the gloomy labyrinths of Prague and the pages of books by Czech and German-speaking writers and poets;
• wander around London in the company of the main character of the novel " Mrs. Dalloway» W. Wulff may like it no less than through the fields and forests,
• S.V. Grokhotov's book "Shuman and surroundings" will refer schoolchildren to musical and literary geography. She will tell how they lived in those days when the great German composer R. Schumann created his musical "Album for Youth". This book is not only a vivid cultural and geographical portrait of the era. Here the voice of German history is heard, the features of the national character are guessed;
• T. Severin's books "On the Way of Sinbad", "In the Footsteps of Marco Polo", "On the Ways of Genghis Khan", "On the Path of Jason", "Expedition" Ulysses "will help schoolchildren to follow their path famous characters,
• school literary and geographical walks in Rome will make it possible to make the books “Kamo come”, G. Senkevich, “Angels and Demons” by D. Brown, “Walks in Rome” by F. Stendhal, “Shpan” by P.P. Pasolini, “Scourge of God” E.I. Zamyatina;
• in Berlin, schoolchildren will be able to travel with the books "Berlin and surroundings" by J. Roth, "The Gift" by V.V. Nabokov and "The Loyal Subject" by G. Mann,
• young literary geographers learn about the natural and cultural region of the North Caucasus, its nature, way of life and customs from the books “Hero of Our Time” by M.Yu. Lermontov and “Cossacks” by L.N. Tolstoy,
• collections of poems by N.A. Nekrasov, A.V. Koltsov, I.S. Nikitin, and other Russian poets of this time will help them to know the geography of a place in a specific time period,
• it is possible to correlate the biography of the poets F.I. Tyutchev and A.A. Fet in their geographical incarnation with small volumes of their poems in their hands,
• the books "Journey to Arzrum" by A.S. Pushkin, "The Twelve Chairs" by I. Ilf and E. Petrov and "The Adventures of Captain Vrungel" by A. S. Nekrasov will guide schoolchildren to the geography of the path in fiction,
• the book “Grenade (Island of Captain Guy)” of V.P. Krapivin’s trilogy “Islands and Captains” will help to walk through the places of the Defense of Sevastopol,
• the book "Green Shores" by G.I. Alekseev will give an opportunity to stroll around St. Petersburg in the middle of the twentieth century, etc.

Literary geography has more and more declared itself in our country in recent decades. Practice-oriented scientific and methodological literature is gaining distribution, portals are being created on the Web. Coming out of the bowels of the academic science of cultural geography, it is increasingly gaining the masses. It is in our power to contribute to the development of this trend.

« The volcanic world is gloomy, its colors are gray, dark blue, brownish black. Rare light spots (yellow, white, ocher) make the whole ensemble even more tragic. As for the bright or dark red shades and light gold of molten lava, the excitement they cause is always accompanied by unconscious depression.

Days spent in this kind of place, although, in general, leave a strong impression, but after the third or fourth hour, the human being begins to feel uneasy, I want to see water, plants ... " - this is how Harun Taziev, a well-known Belgian geologist and volcanologist, described his meeting with the mountains.

« We will sit down with you on one of those large stone slabs with which the surface of the glacier is strewn, and look around. In the shade under the canopy of rocks, where the rays of the sun have not yet looked in the morning, there is a cool night. The stones are cold as ice and it pierces you through Fresh air. Here you can still feel how cold it was at night at these heights, what frost fettered these rocks. But where the sun's rays fall, it is quite warm.

Under their hot caress, you can sit on the surface of the glacier in one light dress. How dazzling is the light of the sun in the pure air of mountain peaks, how strongly its rays glow on the surfaces of stones and rocks! The sun is the source of powerful forces that make great work transformation of the face of our planet. Listen to what's going on around us ”- this is an excerpt from the book of the Soviet geologist V. A. Varsanofyeva “The Life of the Mountains”.

When studying Eurasia, the teacher can offer students an excerpt from the book of the famous Russian painter and writer N. K. Roerich about the inexpressible greatness of the Himalayas:

« The two worlds are expressed in the Himalayas. One is the world of the earth, full of local charms. Deep ravines, intricate hills crowded to the line of clouds, the smoke of villages and monasteries smokes. ... Eagles argue in flight with multi-colored kites launched from the villages. In thickets of bamboo and fern, the back of a tiger or leopard can burn with a rich additional tone.

Undersized bears hide on the branches, and a procession of bearded monkeys often accompanies a lone pilgrim. And all this earthly wealth goes into the blue mist of the mountainous distance. A bank of clouds covers the frowning haze.

It is strange, strikingly unexpected after this completed picture to see a new structure above the clouds. Above the dusk, above the cloudy waves, bright snow shines. Blinding, hard-to-reach peaks ascend infinitely richly. Two separate worlds separated by darkness. In this grandiose scope - a special inviting impression and the greatness of the Himalayas: "The abode of snows ».

Books help to find the necessary detail around which to build a lesson. attention to descriptive story teachers can be attracted by various methodological techniques, one of which we will conditionally call “narrowing the topic”.

So, for example, a story about Lake Baikal in the course of the physical geography of Russia can begin with the statement of L. S. Berg: “ Baikal is a miracle of nature in every respect» - and then show to students whole line such "relationships" - the size, depth, transparency of water, and at the same time show modern environmental problems.

Talking about the mineral wealth of the Urals, quote the words of P. P. Bazhov: “ Of course, you will not find a place all over the world against our Ilmensky storeroom. There is nothing to argue here, therefore - it is written about it in all languages: in the Ilmensky mountains stones from all over the world lie».

Let the passionate appeal of A.E. Fersman sound at the lesson on the topic “Rocks that make up the earth’s crust”: “ I really want to draw you into this world (of stone), I want you to become interested in mountains and quarries, mines and mines, so that you begin to collect collections of minerals, so that you want to go with us from the city, further away, to the river, to to its high rocky shores, to the tops of mountains or rocky seashores, to where stone is broken, sand is mined, or ore is exploding. We will find something to do there everywhere; and in dead rocks, sands and stones, we will learn to read the great laws of nature, according to which the universe is built».

By introducing students to rocks, you can show them a real miracle: let them examine on a microscope slide ... a grain of sand, one of many thousands in a pile of sand. And the guys will open wonderful world playful faces, colors hidden from the naked eye; the true beauty of an imperceptible, most prosaic grain of sand, an almost invisible fragment of a once powerful rock, brought by a glacier or raised from the bowels of the earth, will be revealed. Maybe that's how you can teach the comprehension of skill.

In one moment - to see eternity,

A huge world - in a grain of sand,

In a huge stone - infinity

And the sky - in a cup of a flower.

(W. Blake)

I regret that I did not see the face of the whole earth,

All its oceans, icy peaks and sunsets.

Only the sail of a dream led my ships around the world,

Only in the glass of shop windows did I meet albatrosses and stingrays.

I didn't hear Big Ben strike the hour in London

I did not see how the stars are sliding down to the fiords,

As the bitter snow of the Atlantic foam boils astern

And at the beginning of spring violets turn blue in Paris.

(V. S. Rozhdestvensky)

Studying the topic "Lithosphere", sixth graders identify the role of volcanoes in the formation of the earth's crust, water shell and atmosphere. Among the various natural phenomena occurring on the globe, one of the most dangerous, but majestic, can be called a volcanic eruption.

One of the descriptions of this formidable phenomenon can be taken in the novel by J. Verne “ Mysterious Island»: « Lava flows poured over the wall, and a fiery river rushed to the shore at the Granite Palace. It was an indescribably terrible sight. At night, it seemed that a real Niagara of molten iron was falling down: from above - fiery vapors, from below - boiling lava».

Talking about the origin of the islands, we say that the islands that arose as a result of volcanic eruptions rise from great depths to a considerable height above the water surface and are distinguished by a characteristic shape resembling that of a volcano. Volcanic islands may disappear. " ... on the night of the 9th, a huge plume of smoke rose from the crater under the roar of deafening explosions, more than three thousand feet high. The wall of the cave of Dakar, obviously, could not withstand the pressure of gases, and the sea, penetrating through the central hearth into a fire-breathing abyss, turned into steam. The crater did not give this mass of steam a sufficiently spacious outlet. An explosion that could be heard a hundred miles away shook the air. Mount Franklin was shattered into pieces and crashed into the sea. A few minutes later, the waves of the Pacific Ocean covered the place where Lincoln Island was.».

At the lesson " Geographical coordinates"You can use lines, lines from the novel by J. Verne" Children of Captain Grant ". " June 27, 1862, the three-masted ship Britannia, from Glasgow, was wrecked fifteen hundred leagues from Patagonia, in southern hemisphere. Two sailors and Captain Grant reached Tabor Island ... There, constantly suffering severe hardships, they threw this document under one hundred and fifty-third degrees of longitude and thirty-seven degrees of latitude, help them, or they will perish».

Sixth graders are looking for an island with interest pacific ocean according to the given coordinates. And they were interested in their call to help the heroes of the novel in search of Captain Grant.

Seventh-graders at the lesson "Life in the Ocean" listen to the lines from the novel "20 Thousand Leagues Under the Sea" by J. Verne, get into the underwater world and realize the importance of the ocean for human life.

«… I tried all these dishes not out of greed, but out of curiosity, as if enchanted by listening to Captain Nemo.

“The sea,” he continued, not only feeds me, but also clothes me. The fabric from which your clothes are made is woven from the byssus of some seashells. It is colored, following the example of the ancients, with purple juice, and a purple hue is obtained using an extract from Mediterranean mollusks - Aplysia. The perfume on the dressing table of your cabin is the product of the dry distillation of certain marine plants. The mattress on your bed is made from the finest ocean herbs. The pen with which you will write is made from whalebone, the ink is made from the secretions of cuttlefish glands. Everything that I use now comes from the sea, and all this will someday return to him.

- Do you like the sea, captain?

- Oh yes, I love him. The sea is everything. It covers seven tenths of the globe. Its vapors are fresh and invigorating. In its vast desert, a person does not feel lonely, because all the time he feels the breath of life around him. Indeed, in the sea there are all three kingdoms of nature: mineral, vegetable and animal. The sea is a vast reservoir of nature. Life on the globe began in the sea, and who knows if it will end in the sea? In the sea - the highest calm ... »

When studying altitudinal zonation, it is always successful at the end of the lesson to listen to A.S. Pushkin’s poem “The Caucasus”. Before reading, I focus the attention of the children on the geographical patterns in this poem.

Caucasus below me. Alone in the sky

I stand above the snows at the edge of the rapids;

An eagle, from a detached summit climbing,

Floats motionless with me on a par.

From here I see the streams of birth

And the first menacing landslides movement.

Here the clouds humbly walk under me;

Through them, falling, waterfalls rustle;

Beneath them cliffs naked masses;

Down there, the moss is lean, the bush is dry;

And there are already groves, green canopies,

Where the birds chirp, where the deer jump.

And there people nest in the mountains ...

What pattern is the poet describing? From what height above sea level did the poet observe the picture he describes? Enter an approximate height.

(The poet stood above the border of the snow line. Its average height in the Caucasus is 2900 m. It rises to a height of 3500 m on the northeastern slopes and drops to 2700 m on the southwestern slopes. Thus, the poet was approximately 3000 m from sea ​​level).

In the lesson "Natural areas of the world" we travel on a map of natural areas with Nils and wild geese. Little Nils from S. Lagerlef's fairy tale "Nils' wonderful adventures with wild geese" flies on a goose to Lapland.

« Cherry orchards were the first to say goodbye to Nils.

- We can't go any further! Do you think it's snow on our branches? No, they are flowers. We are afraid that they will be caught by the morning frost and they will fly over ahead of time ... Then the arable land fell behind, they stopped in place with them and sat down. After all, peasants live in the villages. How can they get away from the fields where they grow bread?

Green meadows, where cows and horses grazed, reluctantly turned aside, giving way to swampy, mossy swamps.

Where did the forests go? Until recently, Niels flew over such dense thickets that the ground was not visible behind the tops of the trees. But now the trees seem to have quarreled. They grow randomly, each on its own.

There are no beeches for a long time.

So the oak stopped ... Birches and pines were also afraid of the north. True, they did not turn back, but they crouched and bent down to the very ground. ».

Over what natural areas did Nils fly?

(Niels flew over the zones of broad-leaved forests, mixed forests, taiga and forest-tundra; the transitional strip from taiga to forest-tundra is characterized by light forests, crooked forests and low forests).

In the 9th grade, when studying the factors of placement of ferrous metallurgy enterprises in the topic: “Intersectoral complexes”, an excerpt from J. Verne’s novel “The Mysterious Island” is successful.

«… The next day, Cyrus Smith, accompanied by Harbert, went to look for ancient formations, from which he selected samples of ore. He discovered its deposits on the surface of the earth, near the sources of the Red Creek. This ore, abundantly saturated with iron, was perfectly suited to the method of restoration that the engineer devised to apply. He wanted to use the Catalan method, making some simplifications to it ... This method was probably used by the first metallurgists on Earth. What succeeded the first descendants of Adam and gave good results in areas rich in ore and fuel, the inhabitants of Lincoln Island could not fail. Coal, as well as ore, was easily collected nearby directly from the surface of the earth.". (Location of metallurgical plants near raw materials and fuel).

Muse of wandering - Africa.

(African theme in the poetry of N. Gumilyov).

1. Relevance.

2. Goals.

3. Tasks.

4. Introduction

5. Practical stage.

6. creative work groups.

7. The final stage of the project.

8. Application (presentations, slideshows, student work, photos and videos)

PROJECT TYPE: integrated,

creative,

research,

long-term

IMPLEMENTATION TERMS: from January 2015

PROJECT DATE: 2 years

PROJECT PARTICIPANTS: 11th grade students

subject teachers

PROJECT PRODUCT: lesson script,

presentations,

slideshow

METHODS AND TECHNIQUES:1. Working with cards

2. student survey

3. cards

5. circuit analysis

poems

6. drawing

Project relevance:

This project represents integration - the binarity of academic disciplines: geography and literature, creative search and scientific research of 11th grade students of the Majalis secondary school of the Kaitag district.

Our creative project is to study the geographical theme of the poetry of Nikolai Gumilyov, scientific research on his travels on the Black Continent, letters and personal diaries poet, lyrical works from the cycle "Tent". It is of interest to students and will help them in preparing for the exam in literature and geography in the form of the Unified State Examination, as well as in broadening their horizons and raising their cultural status. Studying the biography of the poet-acmeist Silver Age prompted us, the authors of the project, to the desire to see Africa through the eyes of a poet and traveler, as well as to the desire to involve students in search and co-creation. The project presents file documents, the development of integrated lessons, presentations, video and photographic materials

It includes the following topics in literature and geography:

1. Africa is an ideal continent.

2. Poet and ethnographer Nikolai Gumilyov.

3. Africa through the eyes of a poet (through the prism of poems)

4. Gumilyov's contribution to the study of Africa.

Project goals:

generalize knowledge on the mainland Africa;

to give an idea of ​​the personality of Gumilyov, a poet and geographer, of the peculiarities of his worldview;

to introduce students to the "African Diary of a Poet" and the cycle of poems "Tent";

show the exotic nature of Africa through the eyes of a romantic poet;

through the poetry of Gumilyov to reveal the features of life, traditions and culture of peoples African continent; get acquainted with the features of the GP of Africa, master the ability to determine the GP, work with different maps. To get acquainted with the reasons for the appearance of African motifs in Gumilyov's lyrics.

Project objectives :

to introduce students to Gumilyov's poetry dedicated to Africa;

combine a literary image with geographical images and concepts together, developing the emotional sphere of students;

develop a sense of beauty, creative abilities of students.

Based on basic knowledge, we will study the geographical location of Africa and the history of the exploration of the mainland. Let's get acquainted with some amazing features of the nature of the "ideal continent".

Develop skills: imposing maps of various subjects, determining coordinates, orienting on a map, working with additional sources of information.

Education of such qualities as patriotism, collectivism, pride in the unique natural objects of the Earth, love for nature.

Equipment:

Physical world map;

Africa physical map;

Slideshow Oh! This Africa!

Illustrations on the board;

Audio accompaniment "Sounds of the sea", "African motives";

Personal set (African Records table, test card, atlas, outline of Africa, simple pencil, fountain pen, eraser, notebook) geographical maps,

exhibition of books by N. Gumilyov,

exhibition of creative works of students dedicated to Africa.

During the project, students are divided into two groups: literary critics and geographers.

Introduction

Gumilyov is a poet of geography...
He perceives the universe as a living map ... he belongs to the Columbus dynasty., - words Y. Aikhenvald fully reflect the attitude of the poet and geographer. The personality of this person is interesting and extraordinary, the biography is fascinating. As for his work, it seems that his contemporaries were not Blok and Mayakovsky, but the poets of previous centuries, because his poetry touches on topics far from modernity: the romance of travel, the wind of distant wanderings, love, chivalry and military prowess. He seemed to be born late and was in no hurry to the future, remaining himself. He felt good in this world he created by himself, and therefore his poems are plot-driven and interesting to romantics and fidgets, lovers and dreamers. Writer Alexander Ivanovich Kuprin compared him with "a wild and proud migratory bird" and claimed: "A knight-errant, an aristocratic vagabond - he was in love with all eras, countries, professions and situations where human soul blooms in bold heroic beauty.” These words are the key to comprehending the essence of the poet’s character, whose work we are acquainted with today. But no one can say more about the poet than he himself does in his poems. The poetry of Nikolai Gumilyov is a whole independent world, which you can find out if you read it, think about it, correlate time and events, hear the voices of his contemporaries, understand the essence of his extraordinary personality. This man made himself. By nature, he was ugly, clumsy, painfully shy and constrained. But failures and sorrows did not bother him, and his character was tempered in trials. Therefore, in his later photographs we see a significant, glowing face with nobility. He was able to build his life the way he wanted. He managed to publish several collections of poetry, made many trips abroad (including dangerous African ones), became a recognized literary master, one of the founders of the "Poets' Workshop" and a new literary direction- acmeism. He bravely fought at the front in 1914 and became a holder of two St. George Crosses, which were given for exceptional courage. The world that others were content with was small and pale for Gumilyov, the soul demanded distances and impressions. Gumilyov's poetry was distinguished by the cult of the masculine; the hero of his poems perceives life as a struggle strong man with trials. Hence Gumilyov's frequent trips to Africa, hunting, looking for dangers.

Africa healed all spiritual wounds, and Gumilyov always strove for it. Secretly from his parents, to whom the poet's friends regularly sent pre-prepared letters, he went on his first African trip, intending to visit Istanbul, Izmir, Port Said and Cairo. Since then, Africa has taken an extremely important place in his life and work. She filled his soul with new, unusually sharp impressions, strengthened his self-confidence, gave him rare sensations and images. During the second trip (1908) Gumilyov visited Egypt, in the third (1909) he reached Abyssinia.

The most significant was the last, fourth trip. In 1913, a good opportunity turned up: the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography wanted to collect an African collection. The purpose of the trip is to take pictures, collect ethnographic and zoological collections, record songs and legends. The day before the departure, Gumilyov fell ill - they decided that it was typhus: high fever, severe headache. But two hours before the train left, he demanded water for shaving, shaved, packed his things, drank a glass of tea with cognac, and left. Aleksey Tolstoy recalled: “Gumilyov brought from Africa yellow fever, beautiful poetry, a stuffed black jaguar he had killed, and Negro weapons.”

The spirit of this trip is permeated with the book of poems "Tent". The collection brought from Africa, according to experts, is in second place in its completeness after the collection collected by Miklouho-Maclay. It is in the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography.

I go there to touch savage things
That once I myself brought from afar,
To smell their strange, native and sinister,
The smell of incense, animal hair and roses.

Practical stage of the project.

Uch-Xia is divided into four creative groups who work independently in accordance with the tasks indicated on the cards. It is important that the children be able to present a vivid story about the poet in ten minutes, read and analyze the poems, therefore, for the best result, responsibilities in the group must be distributed in advance.

GAME-QUIZ "Africa"

1. Who discovered the cape Good Hope, rounded the southern tip of the mainland.

2. Who discovered new way to India.

3. Famous traveler, traveled 6354 km from Central Africa to the west coast, and then to the east of mainland Africa. The next journey of 1610 km, which he undertook along the left bank of the Zambezi River. He gave a description of the Thundering Smoke waterfall, later he named it Victoria. He spent about 30 years in Africa, studying its nature.

4. Name a potentially active stratovolcano in northeast Tanzania, highest point Africa above sea level (Kilimanjaro)

5. On how many lithospheric plates is the mainland. Are there areas of collision with other plates? How do you see the dependence of landforms on the structure of the earth's crust of the mainland?

6. A huge mountain range with chains around the mountains and many individual extinct volcanoes. The outlines of the highlands resemble a pear, narrowing to the north. The length to the south is about 1500 km, at the widest point the width of the highlands is 900 km.

7. The main source of nutrition for the existence of the population in the oases. Gives shade, food, food source.

8. cultivated plant. An evergreen shrub whose roots are rich in starch.

9. The most amazing plant of the Namib desert. They call it the desert octopus. Depicted on the stamps of Namibia.

10. Name the lake, which is located in the equatorial region. It is replenished with water evenly throughout the year due to constant rains and full-flowing rivers flowing into it.

11. This river originates on the Lundi plateau, flows about 300 km through the territory of Angola to the west, suddenly turns sharply to the east and, making a huge loop, ends its run at indian ocean, passing from the source to the mouth 2660 km .

Individual tasks for a group of geographers:

1. Determine the geographical position of the mainland: show Africa, extreme points, to emphasize the remoteness from Russia, to trace Gumilyov's travel routes on the map.

2. Work with reference literature:

Using atlas maps, encyclopedic Dictionary, students determine that Abyssinia is the second name of the Ethiopian highlands.

3.What do you think mountain country do these peaks belong and what explains the presence of snow here?

.Practical work with atlas maps.

Using a physical map, students determine a geographical object - the Kilimanjaro volcano, its height, and using a climate map determine the temperature in the region of the volcano. Knowing about the change in temperature with height, having made calculations, they explain the presence of snow and ice cover on the top of the mountain.

8. What geographical features of the Sahara as a natural object emphasized Gumilev in these lines?

(Students, using previously acquired knowledge, give a physical and geographical description of the greatest desert in the world, while specifying what features of nature poetically figuratively displayed Gumilyov.)

9. Considering the internal waters of Africa, we will turn again to the poems of the poet - geographer Gumilyov. What are the waters of Africa in the eyes of the poet?

Exercise: find the poem in the text and write it in your notebook geographical characteristics named water bodies.

(Independent work of students)

10. The fauna of Africa is rich and diverse, it amazes with unusual animals, bright, unseen birds that you will not find anywhere else.

Tasks for the group (geography):

In the texts of the proposed verses, find references to animals belonging to various natural zones.

Individual tasks for a group of writers:

1.- how does the poet Gumilyov describe the relief in the poems "Abyssinia", "Sudan", "Sahara"?

(Students read and comment on excerpts of the named poems)

2. After the first trip to Africa, Gumilyov's poems changed - they became deeper and cleaner. He longed there with all his being, because she alone could heal his wounds. The poet was especially impressed by the Sahara, "the eternal glory of the sand." Perhaps the Sahara is the personification of passion and power. The poet describes it accurately and figuratively.

3. Tasks (literature):

Find comparisons, epithets in the text of the poem. Determine the color and sound perception of the Sahara by the author.

For the poet, the waters of Africa are not just vital necessary objects but also divine beauty, which is just as necessary for a person to be rich spiritually. The poet writes enthusiastically about her.

4. Competition of poems.

Creative work of the student:

Eloquence contest (continue the phrase - make a statement on the topic “Poetry is ....”, Geography is ...”)

Creating a presentation about the deserts and lakes of Africa

Creation of a clip about the animal world of Africa.

Creation of a video based on the poems "Giraffe", "Rhino", "Red Sea".

Defense of abstracts on the geographical position of Africa and on the biography of the poet.

A drawing competition on the fauna and flora of Africa and the creation of illustrations for Gumilyov's poems.

Competition of readers with elements of dramatization.

Poem essay competition.

Quizzes and games about Africa

Analysis of verses.

The final stage of the project.

In the course of working on the project, we became convinced that Gumilyov was not only a wonderful poet, but also an inquisitive traveler who led expeditions to Africa. The world of Gumilyov's poetry is surprisingly colorful. The poet possessed not only a sensitive poetic soul, a rich imagination, but also was a wonderful master who masterfully mastered all the techniques of versification. Poet, traveler, geographer, ethnographer: His work allowed us to take a more figurative look at the nature of this amazing continent, to see the world through the eyes of a romantic poet, who notes the colorfulness and uniqueness of everything that he encountered during his trip to Africa. Indeed, "Gumilyov is a poet of geography: he perceives the universe as a living map: he belongs to the dynasty of Columbus." During his travels in Africa, Gumilyov in his poems described interesting picturesque places that he passed by, animals that he had seen, showed the amazing flora and fauna of the African continent. We can conclude that the exotic in Gumilyov's work was not just a fixation of fleeting impressions, which were in abundance: hunting for wild animals, daily risk, rivers teeming with crocodiles, that all this was a source of inspiration for the poet, but also had an exploratory character. The expedition to Africa was organized by the Academy of Sciences, with the aim of studying the life and life of unexplored tribes, compiling collections of African household items. All these items can be seen at the Museum of Anthropology and Ethnography in St. Petersburg.

Municipal budgetary educational institution

secondary school №11

Work theme:

"Literary geography.

Journey through the monuments of literary heroes»

Subject(s) :

Literature, geography

Did the job:

students of 5 "A" class

Pazukhina Anna,

Perevezentseva Alexandra,

Lebedeva Polina,

Uranova Daria

Leaders:

Parova Tatiana Nikolaevna,

Nomerova Natalya Leonidovna

2017

Table of contents

Introduction ………………………………………..…. Page 3

Main part ……………………………………. Page 4

Conclusion ………………………………………... Pg. 14

Information sources ……………………. Page 15

Applications……………………………………….. Page 16

Introduction

In the format of the second generation of the Federal State Educational Standards, the problem of integrative mastering of subjects at school is relevant, since the meta-subject approach to lessons contributes to a more successful implementation of educational goals based on the synthesis of borderline subjects.

The role of geography as a discipline in the education system is enormous. Its educational, upbringing and ideological potential is great. At the junction of geography and literature is literary geography.

The use of literary texts in geography lessons is useful: with their help, an image of the territory is formed, developing logical thinking and analytical skills, activating the thought process. Literary texts act as carriers of information, give an additional incentive to receive it, and activate cognitive activity.

Project relevance : in literature lessons we study works of art, we get acquainted with the heroes of the books, imagining them in our imagination. But few people know that monuments have been erected to many heroes in Russia and abroad. This project will be interesting both in literature lessons and in geography lessons,will allow to introduce reading schoolchildren into the geographic space of their favorite books, and not reading - to attach to the art book as such.

Goal of the work: conduct a study of what monuments to literary heroes were erected in Russia and abroad.

Work tasks:

1. Conduct a study to which literary hero the monument was created;

2. Determine where and when it was established who is the author of the sculpture;

3. Expand knowledge about popular heroes of works of world literature;

4. Dobe able to see the connection between a literary work and real life, navigate in geographic space.

Hypothesis: To cultivate interest in literature and geography, respect for the work of other people.

Subject of study: Sculptural images of the heroes of literary works.

Project results: materials can be used in literature and geography lessons

Main part

We all know that people love to erect monuments to their heroes: soldiers and commanders, poets and writers, artists and composers.

Heroes of wars, great figures deserve to be captured in metal and marble. Mankind remembers their exploits, works, honors and bows before their genius. But, why, then, in Copenhagen, the monument to the Little Mermaid became a symbol of the Danish capital? Why was a monument to Malchish - Kibalchish erected in Moscow? What made these heroes of literary works famous? And why is this or that monument erected in this particular city, and not in any other?

A bit of history.

Sculpture is a very ancient art form. She has always been held in high esteem and dedicated to the gods, earthly rulers and commanders, great people and historical events. Sculptural monuments adorn gardens and parks, front halls of public buildings. You can also find small figurines at home.

The tradition of erecting sculptural monuments to the heroes of literary works was born relatively recently, but there are already quite a few such monuments in the world, and this means that people value book heroes no less than real ones.

Memory in stone and bronze...

Every year on April 18, all mankind celebrates the International Day for the Protection of Historical and Cultural Monuments. In Russia, this holiday began to be celebrated from the beginning of the 80s of the last century.

But back in the first half of the 20th century, through the efforts of N. K. Roerich, the Pact for the Protection cultural property. The implementation of this idea was the treaty "On the Protection of Artistic and Scientific Institutions and historical monuments”, signed in Washington with the participation of the President of the United States on April 15, 1935 by representatives of twenty-one countries. Later, on May 14, 1954, on the basis of the documentation of the Pact, the UN conference in The Hague adopted the international "Convention for the Protection of Cultural Property in the Event of Armed Conflict".

The famous ethnographer, linguist, writer and traveler V. I. Dal wrote: “A monument is everything that has been done to facilitate memory, in order to remember ...” Fiction is a creative reflection of human life, including many real places. What a thrilling feeling of delight the monuments to the heroes of the books that we know from childhood evoke. There are a huge number of such monuments in the world. There are also many places in Russia where there are monuments to our favorite literary heroes.

Monuments to the heroes of literary works in the world

Tom Sawyer, The Little Mermaid, Don Quixote and many other favorite characters of millions of children and adults born of writer's fantasy have long been immortalized in metal or stone. But these monuments are in other countries and cities.

Wonderful girl Alice

New York, USA, Central Park. Monument to Alice in Wonderland

NY founded by Dutch settlers in the early 17th century. Until 1664 it was called "New Amsterdam".

Initially, the state was inhabited by indigenous Indians. The first explorer to discover the city was Giovanni Verasano, an Italian explorer. He named it New Angouleme, and a year later a Dutchman named Henry Hudson insisted on naming the state New Amsterdam. And only later the British gave the city its name.In 1789, the city was designated the first capital of the United States. It lasted, however, only a year.

NY shrouded in mystery and legends. After all, it is one of the most famous cities in the world. And let him not have such rich history like Rome or Athens, but that doesn't make it any less interesting.

You can talk about New York forever. It is difficult to single out the most amazing facts about him from a myriad of information.

Manhattan Island was acquired by a Dutch explorerPeter Minuit from the Indian Tribe for $24.

After the city was captured by the British, it was renamed New York, in honor of the Duke of York, the younger brother of King Charles II of England.

The height of the Statue of Liberty (from the top of the base to the torch) is 46.05 meters.

As well as the Motherland in Kyiv, you can climb the Statue of Liberty. To get to the crown of the monument, you need to overcome 354 steps of a spiral staircase

NorthLakeshore Conservator Water USA is home to one of Central Park's most beloved sculptures. This is a group of characters from the classic book Lewis Carroll's 1865 Alice in Wonderland. Alice, as it were, arranges a reception on a huge mushroom. She reaches out to the pocket watch held by the March Hare, who was the host of the Crazy Tea Party in the book.
Alice's serene calm contrasts sharply with the manic expression on the face of the Hatter (Mad Hatter) standing nearby, who is considering and is about to give out one of his meaningless riddles. The timid Dormouse Mouse, which seems ready at any moment to rush to run at any impending threat, perched on a smaller mushroom and at the same time nibbles some treat for tea.
And over Alice's shoulder, the shining muzzle of the Cheshire Cat peeps out.
Philanthropist George Delacorte donated this sculpture to Central Park in honor of his wife Marguerite.
The sculptor very closely follows John Tenniel's whimsical Victorian illustrations from the first edition of the book. (Annex 1)

Little Red Riding Hood

Germany, Munich, Am Kosttor 3. Monument with a little girl and a wolf. Monument name in German: "GEDENKSTEIN FUR ROTER HUT"

Germany - this is not just one of the highly developed states of Western Europe, it is a country of great rivers, a country where the great composers Beethoven and Bach lived and worked, where Johann Wolfgang von Goethe was born and created his literary masterpieces.

The capital of BavariaMunich is the third largest city in Germany after Berlin and Hamburg. Its population is 1.5 million people. Bavaria itself is the largest federal state in Germany.

Munich today is not just a collection of museum and cultural values, but also a large-scale research center. Everyone who comes to Munich finds something interesting for themselves.

For an urban population of around 3 million, Munich and its immediate suburbs have one of the most punctual intra-urban transport systems in the world. Their punctuality is amazing: a minute late is a rarity. The Munich tram is the oldest existing public transport system in the city, having been in operation since 1876.

The local population calls Munich in Bavarian slang Ming, although officially in Germany it is called München. His native name, "Munich", comes from the German word "Monche", which means "monks".

The largest museum of natural history and technology is located in Munich, it was founded in 1903. Now there are about 28,000 exhibits related to 50 branches of science.

Homeland of the German"Little Red Riding Hood"is the city of Schwalm. It was here that the Brothers Grimm recorded this tale, and it is known to the German people in their presentation. In the city of Schwalm there is a monument to Little Red Riding Hood and the Gray Wolf. And there is also a very interesting tradition: all the girls wear red caps for the holidays, and the boys wear wolf masks.

In Munich, there is also a monument to Little Red Riding Hood, although this is not quite a monument, but one of the fountains of Munich. It's called "Wolf Fountain".

And it is dedicated, of course, not only to the famous fairy tale about Little Red Riding Hood, but also to the surname Wolf. This monument was ordered by husband and wife Adolf and Apollonia Wolf. Project by sculptors Heinrich Düll and Georg Petzold.

Installed in 1904.The fountain is located on Am Kosttor square. (Annex 2)

Moomin Valley

Finland, Tampere , Museum "Moomin Valley" located on Hämeenpuisto street (Hameenpuisto) 20, in the building of the Central City Library

In FinlandTampere - the second largest and most important city. It is located in the south of the country, on the banks of the fast and rapid river Tammerkoski, which connects two large lakes - Näsijärvi and Pyhäjärvi. In the city limits, you can count about 200 small lakes, which give the area a unique originality and charm.

CityTampere located between the lakes Näsijärvi and Pyhäjärvi, formed back in the days ice age. When the land rose, and the rivers could not flow upward towards the sea bay, they flowed down to the lowland, where modern Tampere is now located, and formed two incredibly beautiful lakes in the lowland. They fish on the lakes of Tampere, go on yachts - motor and under sail, come to soak up the sun in the summer and just dream, looking at the mirror lake surfaces.

Legend has it that the Eagle Rock Memorial is the place from where the emperor viewed the city. The monarch was so fascinated by its beauty that he signed a decree declaring the city free (in Once again), which meant the exemption of Tampere entrepreneurs from paying taxes and customs duties.

In Finland, the work of the writer Tove Jansson, who created freaky world Moomins. In honor of her heroes in Naantali, on the island of Kailo, a theme park has been created. In Tampere, there is a museum dedicated to the writer's works, which include original lyrics and illustrations for her writings.

The Moominvalley Museum can be found at Puutarhakatu 34, where the Tampere Art Museum is located, which has recently become the second home of Moominvalley. Previously, for half a century, the museum was located in the basement of the main city library, Metso. From January 2, 2013, he earned at a new address. Only the souvenir shop, where you must definitely buy one of the themed toys or books dedicated to the heroes of Tove Jansson, remained at the old address. A monument to Moomintroll remained there, on a pedestal made of petrified wood, the age of which is estimated at several million years and brought from Madagascar. The bronze figure of Moomintroll was cast by the sculptor Matti Calcamo. And the opening of the monument itself was timed to coincide with the 60th anniversary of the publication of the first book by the Finnish writer Tove Jansson, Moomin and the Great Flood, which was published in 1945. (Annex 3)

Monuments to writers and heroes of their works in Russia

And many monuments to great Russian writers have been created in our country. In St. Petersburg and Moscow there are monuments to the classics with bas-relief images of literary heroes. Bas-relief - from the French. - a convex sculptural image on a flat surface.

Everyone knows the Russian fabulist Ivan Andreevich Krylov in the circle of his fable heroes. In St. Petersburg, in the Summer Garden, there is a monument to the great fabulist. Krylov is depicted sitting in an armchair, the pedestal of the monument is decorated with numerous figures of the heroes of his fables. Prior to this, none of the writers of the monuments were built. Funds were collected by the people, and the organizers organized a competition for the best design of the monument. Baron Pyotr Karlovich Klodt won the competition. He worked on the monument together with Karl Bryullov, who created the portrait of Krylov, and the artist Agin, who painted the heroes of the fables. To do this, Agin compiled a list of animals - Krylov's heroes, and then collected "sitters" at home. Witnesses told what a pandemonium it was: animals and birds meowed, barked, grunted, lowed, clucked ...

Adults and children look at the monument with pleasure, certainly trying to go around it from all sides in order to see all the animals that are depicted on a high pedestal, and then look up at the figure of the poet sitting on a stone, and even the smallest understand that this " grandfather" was probably very good, if so many cute little animals stayed with him forever. Today it is simply impossible to imagine Summer garden without "grandfather Krylov" and the heroes of his fables. (Annex 4)

There are many monuments in Russia not only to writers and poets, but also to literary heroes.

Winnie the Pooh and all, all, all...

Russia, Moscow region, Ramenskoye, Monument to Winnie the Pooh and Piglet

Ramenskoe - a large city near Moscow, located only 30 km from the capital. The population of the city of Ramenskoye is just over one hundred thousand people.Interestingly, the city got its name from the word "ramenye", which means "outskirts of the forest." Thus, we understand that on the site of a modern developing city there was a dense forest.

In a city near MoscowRamenskoye Since 2005, new residents have been registered - the bronze Winnie the Pooh and Piglet. The famous heroes of your favorite cartoon live not far from Victory Square, on Krasnoarmeyskaya Street.
Winnie the Pooh author Alan Alexander Milne(1882 - 1856) - English children's writer. In 1969, Winnie the Pooh and Piglet became characters in the famous cartoon" " (Director: F. Khitruk). (Annex 5)
The author of the monument is the sculptor Oleg Ershov, laureate of the Russian FSB Prize.
In general, the city of Ramenskoye sheltered many cartoon characters: there is a monument to the heroes of the cartoon "Three from Prostokvashino", "Crocodile Gena", "Well, wait a minute! " etc.

« scientist cat"- good luck!

Russia, G. Gelendzhik , central embankment. Monument " Cat scientist"

Of course, most people have heard the name at least once.Gelendzhik . First you need to consider general information about the city in order to better understand what is at stake. So, Gelendzhik, as already mentioned, is a wonderful resort town. It is located in Russia, Krasnodar Territory. It is worth mentioning separately about its importance for the country - in 2001 it was recognized as a resort of federal significance. It is located on the Black Sea coast.

Here are some interesting facts about Gelendzhik that even the locals may not know about. "Little Bride" - this is one of the versions about the origin of the city's name. From the residents themselves, you can hear many different variations of the translation of the word “Gelendzhik”: “bride”, “daughter-in-law”, “white bride” and many others. The history goes back to the era when there was a slave market in the Gelendzhik Bay. According to legend, beautiful white-skinned girls got into Turkish harems from here. The memory of this legend is demonstrated by the bust of the bride, who is waiting for her beloved, located on the main square.

The longest embankment. Gelendzhik deservedly got into the Book of RecordsGuinness, because here is the longest seafront in the world.

A worthy competitor to Hollywood. On the mountainMarkhotyou can see the inscription "Gelendzhik", which is visible even from space. The initiators of the application for the next record worked on giant letters for half a year.

Hydroaviation Center. We are talking abouthydroair show- a spectacular demonstration of aircraft, as well as other aircraft that perform various tricks almost on the water.

Across the country, there are 10 monuments to the famous Pushkin character of the poem "Ruslan and Lyudmila", but Dmitry was photographed with the Gelendzhik CatMedvedev.

Sculpture "Scientist Cat" in Russia, St.Gelendzhik , was installed on June 6, 2008 at the initiative of the city administration in order to create a special cultural atmosphere on the Central Embankment. The idea of ​​creating a monument was inspired by lines from a poem by A.S. Pushkin "Ruslan and Lyudmila": "Day and night, the scientist cat keeps walking around the chain ...". The monument to the famous cat is located on , in its northern part, under a sprawling oakon . But the cat does not walk along the chain, but stands in a mantle, with its paw raised up, with a book in the other paw. The book symbolizes wisdom. His hair is tousled and his mouth is slightly open. His whole posture speaks of his "scholarship". He kind of teaches those who pass by. Hence the plot photos of guests and residents , who, as it were, heed the instructions of the “Scientist Cat”. A member of the Union of Artists of Russia, sculptor Gennady Anatolyevich Panko, says that he specially created the image of a “humanized” cat in the monument.

Before important exams or tests, schoolchildren and students come to the sculpture to rub the nose and paw of the "Scientist Cat" - for good luck! (Annex 6)

Residents of the Emerald City

Russia, St. Petersburg, st. Pravdy d. 2, Monument to the "Emerald City"

Saint Petersburg quite a young city, it is only 310 years old. But, despite its young age, the history of the city is multifaceted and rich in interesting facts.

You can talk endlessly not only about the history of the city, but also about its architectural monuments. Buildings built in St. Petersburg before 1917 are almost completely preserved. From the Neva to the Obvodny Canal and from the Alexander Nevsky Lavra to the port, it looks almost the same as before the October Revolution. St. Petersburg at the same time combines buildings of completely different architectural styles.

Saint Petersburg for more than three hundred years of history has changed several names. Immediately after the laying the name of the city was "Petersburg". Later it changed into "St. Petersburg". Also, at first the city was called "Petropolis", and sometimes "Petropolis". In 1914, it began to be called "Petrograd", and in 1924 the city was renamed "Leningrad" (after the death of Lenin). And only in 1991 the original name was returned -Saint Petersburg

In one courtyard of St. Petersburg on the street. True, house number 2 housed the most fabulous and unusual place for walks with kids and recreation. The heroes of many people's favorite fairy tale "The Emerald City", by Alexander Volkov, settled there. The heroes of the fairy tale settled there in 2007. We all know: the Scarecrow, the Cowardly Lion, Ellie, the Ogre, the Tin Woodman, Pharomon, Bastinda, Saber-toothed tigers and Vilinna.

Everyone can visit here and for this you do not have to fly in a van through deserts and mountains. The paths are paved with yellow bricks, so as you walk through the yards, you will feel like you are in a fairy tale, traveling through the pages of a book.

The chronology of fabulous events has been preserved. For example, at the entrance to the first courtyard, a bas-relief of the good fairy Villina is placed on the facade. It was she who first met Ellie. The yellow path will take you to the Emerald City, which is guarded by the immortal guard Faramant, to meet the mysterious Goodwin.

Most of the sculptures are forged from iron, and some are "grown" from copper in a galvanic bath. And only Goodwin is "earthen", in the form of a voluminous figured flower bed. As expected, it changes its appearance along with the floral coating. (Annex 7)

My favorite Aibolit

Russia, Anapa, Krasnodar Territory , Kalinina street, Monument to "Aibolit"

Anapa is included in the list of Russian cities-monuments as a city-museum of ancient times. It was destroyed during the Great Patriotic War and completely restored in the fifties. This city has become a favorite vacation spot for most of the inhabitants of Russia.

Interesting fact:“Anapa was part of the Bosporus state and had a completely different name - Gorgippia. That was the name of the king, who christened the picturesque city with his own name.

A memorial statue of a famous fairy-tale hero appeared in the resort townAnapa in 2011. The authors of the projects were sculptor V. Polyakov and architect Yu. Rysin. The structure is made entirely of bronze. The monument is an image of Aibolit sitting in the shade of a tree. He looks exactly like from a fairy tale - in a white coat and glasses. A squirrel sits next to Aibolit on one side, and a parrot on the other. A plaque with the name of the monument and a quote from the work of K. Chukovsky hangs on a tree.

In Anapa, there is a legend among the inhabitants that if they touch a squirrel, then joint diseases will stop. Touch the parrot, pressure problems will go away. And if you put your hand on the cross on the doctor's hat, then good luck will come to you and good mood. True or not, it's up to the tourists to decide. (Annex 8)

Fly, Fly-Tsokotuha

Russia, Sochi, Arts Square, Monument "Fly-Tsokotukha"

Sochi - the famous Russian resort, which became popular back in the days of the USSR. After the Winter Games were held in this city Olympic Games in 2014, its popularity and demand jumped even moremore. Every city has its own history, full of interesting, sometimes even unimaginable events. So in, which at different times became a place of fierce battles, insidious conspiracies, fateful events. All this was formed over many, many years: there is an opinion among scientists that the first people appeared in these places 100 thousand years ago. Here lived or, at least, there were prominent figures of art, culture, literature, politics of their time. As before,Sochi as the "summer capital of Russia" often appears at the epicenter of events from different areas life. This resort town has many features that most do not know about. We will tell you some of them.

Sochi is considered one of the largest cities in the world in terms of length, or rather, it occupies the second position in this indicator. Only Mexico City, located in Latin America, is ahead of our resort.

Sochi is the birthplace of Russian tea.

Sochi is the "Russian Riviera". And this comparison is not at all accidental. It is due to two factors at once: geographical and historical. As for the first, everything is simple here, the Russian resort is located in the same latitudes as the world famous fashionable resorts of Nice, Monte Carlo, Cannes and San Remo. So, let's draw conclusions, gentlemen.!

Monument "Fly-Tsokotukha" K.I. Chukovsky is located in the citySochi . It is located next to art museum on the "Square of Arts" and is a bench on which Fly-Tsokotuha sits with a coin. Next to the bench is a whole pumpkin with spilled seeds.

The decorative bench was designed by Sochi sculptors Vyacheslav Zvonov and Alexandra Butaeva. The fly was made by another sculptor from Sochi - Hakob Khalafyan.

The monument is dedicated to the gifted children of the city of Sochi, presented to the city in 2005 by patron A.K. Asaturov.

Among the guests and residents of the city, photos on the bench next to Mukha are very popular. (Annex 9)

A mischievous monument "for good luck"

Russia, Samara, st. Frunze, 128

Samara - a city in the European part of Russia, located on the left bank of the Volga. Space and aviation industry countries. One of the ancient cities of Russia.The city did not always bear the name Samara. From 1935 to 1991 it was called Kuibyshev.

Samara is rightly called the "pearl on the Volga". The number of inhabitants is approaching the figure of three million people, in the ranking of Russian cities it ranks seventh. Samara is the center of economy, industry and culture of the Middle Volga region. Beautiful places in Samara and the Samara region attract the attention of tourists from all over the world.

The monument to Pinocchio is openin Samara in 2013 at the gates of the literary museum of the writer Alexei Tolstoy, the author of the fairy tale "The Golden Key". The opening is timed to coincide with the 130th anniversary of the writer's birth.

The sculpture is a figure of a triumphant Pinocchio with a golden key in a highly understood hand, at his feet is a large half-open book of Alexei Tolstoy. The monument is made of bronze, height - 175 cm, weight - 300 kg. The author of the monument was the Togliatti sculptor Stepan Korslyan. As conceived by the sculptor, outwardly fairy tale character similar to the actor Dmitry Iosif, who played the main role in the Soviet film "The Adventures of Pinocchio" in 1975.

The composition was created with the money of patrons, members of the "Cultural Samara" Committee, who initiated the appearance of the Pinocchio monument in the city. On the bronze book with the title "Golden Key", which complements the sculpture, it is written that the composition "Pinocchio" was installed on the 130th anniversary of Alexei Tolstoy at the initiative of the deputy State Duma Alexander Khinshtein.